Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz

General Alfred Candidus Ferdinand, Prince of Windisch-Grätz (Alfred Candidus Ferdinand Fürst zu Windisch-Grätz) (11 May 1787, Brussels – 21 March 1862, Vienna) was a member of the Bohemian noble Windisch-Graetz family, originally from Styria. He started service in the Habsburg imperial army in 1804. As an Austrian army officer he distinguished himself throughout the wars fought by the Habsburg Monarchy in the 19th century.

Background
He was a son of Count Joseph Nicholas of Windisch-Graetz and his second wife, Duchess Maria Leopoldine Franziska of Arenberg.

He married Princess Eleonore of Schwarzenberg, with whom

Napoleon
Windisch-Grätz participated in all the wars against Napoleon and fought with distinction at the Battle of Leipzig and in the campaign of 1814. In 1833, he was named Field Marshal (Feldmarschall).

Bohemia
In the following years of peace, Windisch-Grätz held successive commands in Prague, being appointed head of the army in Bohemia in 1840. Having gained a reputation as a champion of energetic measures against revolution, during the Revolutions of 1848 in Habsburg areas he was called upon to suppress the insurrection of March 1848 in Vienna, but finding himself ill-supported by the ministers he speedily threw up his post.

Having returned to Prague, his wife was killed by a stray bullet during the popular uprising. He then showed firmness in quelling an armed outbreak of the Czech separatists (June 1848), declaring martial law throughout Bohemia. Upon the recrudescence of revolt in Vienna he was summoned at the head of a large army and reduced the city by a formal siege (October 1848).

Hungary
Appointed to the chief command against the Hungarian revolutionaries under Lajos Kossuth, he gained some early successes and reoccupied Buda and Pest (January 1849), but by his slowness in pursuit he allowed the enemy to rally in superior numbers and to prevent an effective concentration of the Austrian forces.

In April 1849 he was relieved of his command and thenceforth rarely appeared again in public life.

Quotes
(In reference to rebellious constitutionalists) "They do not want to hear about the Grace of God? They will hear the grace of the cannon."