Catholic Military Ordinariate of Australia

The Catholic Military Ordinariate of Australia, is a Latin Church suffragan military ordinariate of the Roman Catholic Church immediately subject to the Holy See. It was established in 1969 and managed for administrative purposes by the Archdiocese of Sydney.

Its ordinary (bishop) and his chaplains serve the members of the Australian Defence Force (ADF) and their families in all three services; the Royal Australian Navy (RAN), the Australian Army and the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) regardless of location.

History
Catholic chaplaincy has been provided for Australians serving in the military since the 1901 contribution of forces to fight in the Boxer Rebellion. However, it was not until 1912 that a bishop, Thomas Carr, the then Archbishop of Melbourne, was delegated by the Catholic bishops of Australia as the bishop of the Australian Armed Forces.

From 1912 until 1969, Catholic armed servicemen and women were in the care of a bishop delegated to them who was also a bishop elsewhere. In 1969, Pope Paul VI created the Military Vicariate of Australia. In 1984, Pope John Paul II elevated the vicariate to a military ordinariate with its own bishop. The diocese was officially established under an apostolic constitution, Spirituali Militum Curae, on 21 July 1986 and given final approval in 1988.

Structure
Although the headquarters of the diocese is located in Campbell, Australian Capital Territory, the diocese is attached to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Sydney, while being immediately subject to the Holy See. Unlike conventional dioceses, which are restricted to a geographical area, the Catholic Diocese of the ADF covers all of Australia and its 30 Defence bases, and any Australian military facilities or units overseas or off-shore.

Bishop
The Catholic Bishop of the ADF is a member of the ADF's Religious Advisory Committee to the Services (RACS), and holds status equivalent to a two-star officer (NATO rank code OF-7). RACS advises the Federal Minister of Defence, the Chief of the Defence Force and the three chiefs of the services on matters pertaining to religion, worship and chaplaincy. The Catholic bishop is the head of the Catholic denomination recognised in the Defence Instructions (General) of the ADF.

The following individuals have been elected as Bishop of the Armed Services:

Principal chaplains
Each service branch of the ADF has three principal chaplains; one each to represent Catholicism, Anglicanism and Protestantism. They are accorded the rank relevant to the Division Five chaplain for each branch. Principal chaplains oversee the chaplains of their service—managing matters such as appointment, training and assignment of chaplains within their branch—and are the primary religious advisors to the chief of each branch.

Catholic priests who are promoted to principal chaplains of the ADF are traditionally nominated for and receive the title "Monsignor" from the Pope. The current Catholic principal chaplains of the ADF are Monsignor Stuart Hall RAN (Navy); Monsignor Glynn Murphy OAM (Army) and Monsignor Peter O'Keefe AM (Air Force). In 2014, the Navy and Army has the Catholic principal chaplain as its Director General Chaplaincy. The Air Force Catholic principal chaplain is employed part-time. The Catholic principal chaplains are the mains means by which the Catholic Military Bishop recruits, posts and deploys his chaplains in the ADF within the structures of the three services.

Chaplains
Chaplains are charged with the responsibility to care for the religious, spiritual and pastoral (welfare) needs of Defence members and their families. For Catholic chaplains, this includes providing the sacraments, especially to Defence members isolated from civilian Catholic churches/parishes or on war operations. Chaplains, especially those appointed to training establishments, conduct classes on ethics, morals, values and character development with their military units. Chaplains in the Navy, Army and Air Force undergo the same training as other ADF officers.

With only a few exceptions, ordained Catholic chaplains (priests and deacons) are "on loan" to the Defence Diocese from a "civilian" diocese for an agreed period of time, which may or may not be renewed. The Bishop of the Military relies on the other Australian bishops for the supply of enough clergy to meet the chaplaincy needs of Catholics in the ADF. It is possible for a priest or deacon to be ordained solely into (incardinated) the Defence Diocese/Military Ordinariate and thus he fully belongs to the Defence Diocese until his death. The Archdiocese of Melbourne currently supplies more full-time priests than any other diocese to the Australian Defence Diocese.

ADF chaplains are generally addressed by their first name by officers of superior rank or as "Sir" by those of lower ranks, however Catholic chaplains are often referred to as "Father" or as "Padre" by soldiers, sailors, and RAAF personnel irrespective of their rank.

Divisions
Chaplains in the ADF are organised into five divisions:
 * Australian Navy Chaplains do not wear any rank insignia (instead wearing a cross and anchor emblem copied from the British Royal Navy), but under Defence Instructions - Navy, they are accorded a status equivalent to the rank listed in the table. Although differentiated by Division, Navy Chaplains in Divisions 1 to 3 are all given the status of a Commander (OF-4).

Current chaplains
As of 2009, there are 13 full-time priests, three full-time married deacons and one full-time married non-ordained pastoral associates (lay people) serving as commissioned chaplains (officer rank) in the ADF. There are 25,614 Roman Catholics in the ADF out of a total of 102,764 (full-time and reservists). Although Catholics constitute the largest religious group in the ADF, the diocese struggles to recruit enough chaplains to serve the Catholic defence population.

Current ADF Full-time chaplains, as of 2015 are:
 * Navy
 * Monsignor Stuart Hall, RAN - Principal Catholic Chaplain, Naval Chaplaincy Headquarters, Canberra ACT.
 * Father Paul Stuart, RAN JP STL HMAS Cerberus (naval base), Crib Point, VIC.
 * Father Thi Lam, RAN - HMAS Kuttabul, Garden Island, NSW
 * Army
 * Monsignor (Brigadier) Glynn Murphy OAM DCL, Canberra ACT.
 * Father (Major) Damian Styles, QLD.
 * Father (Major) Damien Ellis, Royal Military College, Duntroon, ACT
 * Father (Captain) John Vergara, 1 Recruit Training Battalion, Kapooka, NSW.
 * Deacon (Captain) Brenton Fry, QLD.
 * Deacon (Captain) Leo Orreal, QLD.
 * RAAF
 * Father (Flight Lieutenant) Stephane Sarazin (RAAF Base, Williamtown, NSW)

There are a small number of Reserve Defence Force chaplains who are mostly full-time parish priests in civilian parishes or married deacons ministering full-time in their dioceses.

Bishop stood aside
Max Davis, serving as Bishop of the Australian Defence Force, was arrested in June 2014 and charged with a sex offence dating back to 1969, before he was ordained. From 30 June 2014, he stood aside from his office and roles while the matter is dealt with by the courts. Davis denied the allegation and was acquitted of all charges on 15 February 2016. The vicar general, the Rev. Monsignor Peter J. O’Keefe, is responsible for administration of the diocese in the absence of the bishop. Davis will take some time to decide whether to return to public ministry.

Noncombatant status

 * See: Military chaplain

Chapels
The Catholic Church has many chapels located on Defence Force establishments, primarily but not exclusively for the use of Catholic personnel. Some chapels are "non-denominational" and are shared with other Christian denominations.