Mil Mi-2

The Mil Mi-2 (NATO reporting name Hoplite) is a small, lightly armored turbine-powered transport helicopter that could also provide close air support when armed with 57 mm rockets and a 23 mm cannon.

Design and development
The Mi-2 was produced exclusively in Poland, in the WSK "PZL-Świdnik" factory in Świdnik.

The first production helicopter in the Soviet Union was the Mil Mi-1, modelled along the lines of the S-51 and Bristol Sycamore and flown by Mikhail Mil's bureau in September 1948. During the 1950s it became evident, and confirmed by American and French development, that helicopters could be greatly improved with turbine engines. S. P. Isotov developed the GTD-350 engine and Mil used two of these in the far superior Mi-2.

The twin shaft-turbine engines used in the Mi-2 develop 40% more power than the Mi-1's piston engines, for barely half the engine weight, with the result that the payload was more than doubled. The Mi-2 fuselage was extensively altered from its predecessor, with the engines mounted overhead. However, the external dimensions remained similar.

After initial development at the Mil bureau (Soviet designation V-2) the project was transferred to Poland in 1964, after the first Świdnik-built example had flown (making this the only Soviet-designed helicopter to be built solely outside the Soviet Union). PZL-Świdnik produced a total of 5,497 units, about a third for military users. The factory also developed fiberglass rotor blades, and developed the wide-body Mi-2M seating 10 passengers instead of eight. Most typical kits include four stretchers for air ambulance usage, or aerospraying or cropdusting applications.

In Poland, there were also developed several specialized military variants for support or reconnaissance roles, with 23 mm autocannon, machine guns and/or two 57 mm rocket pods, four 9K11 Malyutka anti-tank missiles or Strela-2 AA missiles.

Operational history
The Mi-2 was first introduced into the Soviet Air Force in 1965. The Mi-2 is used by mainly former Soviet and Eastern Bloc countries, although it was also purchased by Mexico and Myanmar armed forces.

Most of the armed Mi-2 variants were used by Poland. Some were also used by the former East Germany (with machine gun and unguided rocket armament only).

North Korea still maintains a large active fleet of Mi-2s.

Variants

 * V-2
 * First prototype.


 * V-2V
 * Armament prototype.


 * Mi-2 Platan
 * Aerial minelayer version.


 * Mi-2A
 * Mi-2B
 * Upgraded export version for the Middle East, fitted with improved systems and navigational aids.


 * Mi-2Ch Chekla
 * Chemical reconnaissance / smokescreen layer version.


 * Mi-2D Przetacznik
 * Aerial command post equipped with R-111 radio.


 * Mi-2FM
 * Survey version.


 * Mi-2P
 * Passenger / cargo version, with accommodation for 6 passengers.


 * Mi-2R
 * Agricultural version.


 * Mi-2RL
 * Land rescue/ambulance version.


 * Mi-2RM
 * Sea rescue version equipped with electric winch for two people and dropped rafts.


 * Mi-2Ro
 * Reconnaissance version equipped with cameras.


 * UMi-2Ro
 * Reconnaissance trainer version.


 * Mi-2RS Padalec ('Slowworm')
 * Chemical and biohazard reconnaissance version.


 * Mi-2S
 * Air ambulance version, equipped to carry four litters, plus an attendant.


 * Mi-2Sz
 * Dual-control training version.


 * Mi-2T
 * Cargo/utility version.


 * Mi-2U
 * Dual-control training version.


 * Mi-2US
 * Armed version fitted with a fixed 23mm NS-23 cannon, 4 x 7,62mm PKT machine gun pods and optional cabin PK machine gun.


 * Mi-2URN Żmija ('Viper')
 * Armed reconnaissance variant armed with a fixed 23mm NS-23 gun and two 16x57mm S-5 unguided rocket pods Mars-2. Optional 7,62mm PK machine gun window-mounted.


 * Mi-2URP Salamandra ('Salamander')
 * Gunship and anti-tank variant, armed with 23mm NS-23 gun, optional window-mounted 7,62mm PK machine gun, and 4x AT-3 Sagger (9M14M Malutka) wire-guided missiles on external weapons racks and 4x additional missiles in the cargo compartment.


 * Mi-2URP-G Gniewosz ('Smooth snake')
 * Mi-2URP with additional 4x AA missiles Strzała-2 (Strela 2) in two Gad rocket launchers.


 * Mi-2 Plus
 * Upgraded Mi-2 with uprated GTD-350W2 engines, all-composite rotor blades, new avionics and other modifications.


 * Mi-3
 * Planned Mi-2 derivative that lacked suitable engines for the program to continue.


 * Mi-2MSB2
 * Modernized by the Ukrainian Air Force, slated to enter the serial modernization/production in late 2011.

Operators



 * Algerian Air Force
 * Armenian Air Force
 * Azerbaijani Air Force
 * Belarusian Air Force
 * Bulgarian Air Force
 * Cuban Air Force
 * Czech Air Force
 * Djibouti Air Force
 * Estonian Air Force
 * East German Air Force
 * German State Police
 * Hungarian Air Force
 * Hungarian Police
 * Indonesian Navy
 * Indonesian Police
 * Indian Navy
 * Latvian Air Force
 * Libyan Air Force
 * Lithuanian Air Force
 * Mexican Navy
 * Mongolian Air Force
 * Myanmar Air Force
 * Nicaraguan Air Force
 * North Korean Air Force
 * Polish Air Force
 * Polish Army
 * Polish Border Guard
 * Polish Navy
 * Peruvian Army
 * Russian Army
 * Slovak Air Force
 * Syrian Air Force
 * Ukrainian Air Force
 * United States Army
 * University of Iowa
 * Aeroflot
 * Soviet Air Force
 * Soviet Army Aviation
 * Mongolian Air Force
 * Myanmar Air Force
 * Nicaraguan Air Force
 * North Korean Air Force
 * Polish Air Force
 * Polish Army
 * Polish Border Guard
 * Polish Navy
 * Peruvian Army
 * Russian Army
 * Slovak Air Force
 * Syrian Air Force
 * Ukrainian Air Force
 * United States Army
 * University of Iowa
 * Aeroflot
 * Soviet Air Force
 * Soviet Army Aviation
 * Slovak Air Force
 * Syrian Air Force
 * Ukrainian Air Force
 * United States Army
 * University of Iowa
 * Aeroflot
 * Soviet Air Force
 * Soviet Army Aviation
 * Aeroflot
 * Soviet Air Force
 * Soviet Army Aviation
 * Soviet Army Aviation