Jean de Dunois

John of Orléans, Count of Dunois (French better known as Jean d'Orléans, comte de Dunois, also known as John of Orléans and Bastard of Orléans) (23 November 1402 – 24 November 1468) was the illegitimate son of Louis d'Orléans (Duc d'Orléans 1372-1407) by Mariette d'Enghien.

The term "Bastard of Orléans" (bâtard d'Orléans) was the usual name for most of his career. In his era this was a term of respect since it acknowledged him as a first cousin to the king and acting head of a cadet branch of the royal family during his half-brother's captivity.

His father died in 1407. His legitimate half-brother, Charles, Duke of Orléans, became an English prisoner at the Battle of Agincourt and remained so for several decades. This left him the only adult male of the house of Orléans.

He joined the civil war in France in the time of Charles VI on the side of the Armagnacs, and was captured by the Burgundians in 1418. Released in 1420, he entered the service of the Dauphin Charles, fighting in the Hundred Years' War against English forces.

The future count Dunois led the French defenses at the siege of Orléans. Together with Joan of Arc he relieved the siege. He joined her on the campaigns of 1429 and remained active after her death.

He took part in the coronation of Charles VII and in 1436 he aided in the capture of Paris. He received the county of Dunois from his half brother Charles, duc d'Orléans in 1439. Charles VII later made him count of Longueville.

Dunois was prominent in the conquest of Guienne and Normandy in the final years of the Hundred Years War. He participated in the Praguerie against Charles VII and was a leader of the League of the Public Weal against King Louis XI in 1465, but each time he regained favor at court.

Media
Dunois appears as a character in the following plays:
 * Shakespeare's Henry VI Part I
 * Friedrich Schiller's Die Jungfrau von Orleans
 * George Bernard Shaw's Saint Joan

He also appears in the following adaptations of Schiller's play: He also appears in the Microsoft Games Age of Empires Age of Kings, Joan of Arc campaign as a gunner during Siege of Paris Scenario. He was also portrayed in the Luc Besson film The Messenger: The Story of Joan of Arc.
 * Giuseppe Verdi's opera Giovanna d'Arco
 * Tchaikovsky's opera The Maid of Orleans

Titles

 * Lord of Valbonais (1421–1468)
 * Count of Mortain (1424–1425)
 * Viscount of Saint-Sauveur
 * Count of Périgord (1430–1439)
 * Count of Dunois (1439–1468)
 * Count of Longueville (1443–1468)

Honours

 * Kingdom of France - Duchy of Orléans : Knight of the Order of the Porcupine (c. 1419-20)

Marriages and progeny
He married Marie Louvet (d. 1426) in April 1422 at Bourges, by whom he had no children.

He married a second time to Marie of Harcourt (d. 1464), Lady of Parthenay 26 October 1439 and had two children:


 * François d'Orléans-Longueville (1447–1491), Count of Dunois, Tancarville, Longueville, and Montgomery, Baron of Varenguebec, Viscount of Melun, Chamberlain of France, Governor of Normandy and the Dauphiné, Constable and Chamberlain of Normandy, married 2 July 1466 to Agnès de Savoie (1445–1508)
 * Catherine d'Orléans (1449–1501), married 14 May 1468 to Johann II of Nassau-Saarbrücken (1430–1472), Count of Roucy