List of conflicts in Africa

This is a list of conflicts in Africa arranged by country, both on the continent and associated islands, including wars between African nations, civil wars, and wars involving non-African nations that took place within Africa. It encompasses colonial wars, wars of independence, secessionist and separatist conflicts, major episodes of national violence (riots, massacres, etc.), and global conflicts in which Africa was a theatre of war.

Egypt

 * circa 12,376 B.C.E. Cemetery 117
 * circa 3,100 B.C.E. Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt
 * 1,600 B.C.E. Hyksos conquest of Egypt
 * 925 B.C.E. Battle of Bitter Lakes
 * 727 B.C.E. Kushite Invasion to Egypt
 * 661 B.C.E. Esarhaddon of the Neo-Assyrian Empire conquered Egypt
 * 525 B.C.E. Battle of Pelusium
 * January 10, 49 B.C.E. — March 17, 45 B.C.E. Caesar's Civil War
 * 32 B.C.E. — August 30 B.C.E. Final War of the Roman Republic
 * 618 C.E. — 621 C.E. Sassanid conquest of Egypt
 * 639 C.E. — 642 C.E. Muslim conquest of Egypt
 * 809 C.E. — 827 C.E. Great Abbasid Civil War
 * 1803 C.E. — 1807 C.E. Muhammad Ali's seizure of power
 * 1881 C.E. — 1899 C.E. Mahdist War
 * September 1, 1939 C.E. — September 2, 1945 C.E. World War II
 * October 29, 1956 C.E. — November 7, 1956 C.E. Suez Crisis
 * June 5, 1967 C.E. — June 10, 1967 C.E. Six Day War
 * July 1, 1967 C.E. — August 7, 1970 C.E. War of Attrition
 * October 6, 1973 C.E. — October 25, 1973 C.E. Yom Kippur War
 * July 21, 1977 C.E. — July 24, 1977 C.E. Libyan-Egyptian War

Sudan

 * circa 1279 B.C.E. — 1213 B.C.E. Ramesses II's campaigns in Nubia
 * 23 B.C.E. The Roman prefect of Egypt invaded the Kingdom of Kush after an initial attack by the queen of Meröe, razing Napata to the ground
 * 1881 C.E. — 1899 C.E. The Mahdist War
 * September 1, 1939 C.E. — September 2, 1945 C.E. World War II
 * August 18,1955 C.E. — March 27, 1972 C.E. First Sudanese Civil War
 * April 1983 C.E. — January 2005 C.E. Second Sudanese Civil War
 * 1987 C.E. — ongoing Lord's Resistance Army insurgency
 * 2003 C.E. — ongoing War in Darfur
 * December 18, 2005 C.E. — January 15, 2010 C.E. Chad-Sudan conflict
 * January 2009 C.E. — ongoing Sudanese nomadic conflicts
 * January 7, 2011 C.E. — ongoing South Sudan internal conflict
 * May 19, 2011 C.E. — ongoing Sudan internal conflict
 * March 26, 2012 C.E. — September 26, 2012 C.E. Sudan–South Sudan Border War

Libya

 * circa 1279 B.C.E. — 1213 B.C.E. Ramesses II's Campaigns in Libya
 * 264 B.C.E. — 146 B.C.E. Punic Wars
 * 112 B.C.E. — 106 B.C.E. Jugurthine War
 * 1420s C.E. Vandals conquer the Roman province
 * June 1533 C.E. — March 1534 C.E. Vandalic War
 * 1544 C.E. Second Moorish uprising and the revolt of Guntharic
 * 1647 C.E. — 1709 C.E. Muslim conquest of the Maghreb
 * 1793 C.E. — 1795 C.E. Tripolitanian civil war
 * Chadian-Libyan conflict
 * Libyan-Egyptian War
 * North African Campaign (World War II)
 * Libyan resistance movement
 * Italo-Turkish War
 * Libyan civil war
 * Post-civil war violence in Libya

Tunisia

 * 164 B.C.E. — 146 B.C.E. Punic Wars
 * 112 B.C.E. — 106 B.C.E. Jugurthine War
 * 238 C.E. Battle of Carthage
 * 420s C.E. Vandals conquer the Roman province
 * June 533 C.E. — March 534 C.E. Vandalic War
 * 535 C.E. — 563 C.E. The Moorish Wars
 * 647 C.E. — 709 C.E. Muslim conquest of the Maghreb
 * North African Campaign (World War II)
 * Tunisian independence
 * Bizerte crisis
 * 2010–2011 Tunisian revolution

Algeria

 * 264 B.C.E. — 146 B.C.E. Punic Wars
 * 112 B.C.E. — 106 B.C.E. Jugurthine War
 * 420s C.E. Vandals conquer the Roman province
 * June 533 C.E. — March 534 C.E. Vandalic War
 * 544 C.E. Second Moorish uprising and the revolt of Guntharic
 * 647 C.E. — 709 C.E. Muslim conquest of the Maghreb
 * 1517 C.E. Fall of Tlemcen
 * 1529 C.E. Capture of Algiers
 * 1830 C.E. — 1847 C.E. French conquest of Algeria
 * 1835 C.E. — 1903 C.E. Pacification of Algeria
 * North African Campaign (World War II)
 * Sétif and Guelma massacre
 * Algerian War
 * Sand War
 * Algerian Civil War

Morocco

 * 264 B.C.E. — 146 B.C.E. Punic Wars
 * 112 B.C.E. — 106 B.C.E. Jugurthine War
 * 420s C.E. Vandals conquer the Roman province
 * June 533 C.E. — March 534 C.E. Vandalic War
 * 544 C.E. Second Moorish uprising and the revolt of Guntharic
 * 647 C.E. — 709 C.E. Muslim conquest of the Maghreb
 * 739 C.E. — 743 C.E. Berber Revolt
 * 1130 C.E. — 1147 C.E. Almoravid—Almohad War
 * 1130 C.E. — 1147 C.E. Almoravid—Almohad War
 * 1215 C.E. — 1269 C.E. Almohad—Marinid War
 * 1125 C.E. — 1269 C.E. Almohad—Marinid War
 * 1299 C.E. — 1370 C.E. Morocco—Tlemcen conflict
 * 1415 C.E. — 1578 C.E. Moroccan—Portuguese conflict
 * 1465 C.E. Moroccan Revolt
 * 1527 C.E. — 1554 C.E. Wattassid—Saadian War
 * 1527 C.E. — 1554 C.E. Wattassid—Saadian War
 * September 1497 C.E. Conquest of Melilla
 * 1603 C.E. — 1627 C.E. War of Succession
 * 1554 C.E. — 1830 C.E. Moroccan—Turkish border conflict
 * 1577 C.E. A Moroccan expedition occupied Taghaza
 * 1582 C.E. A first expedition to Timbuktu was defeated
 * 1591 C.E. A Moroccan expeditionary force defeated the Songhay army at Tondibi and conquered Gao, Timbuktu and Djenné
 * 1554 C.E. — 1830 C.E. Moroccan—Turkish border conflict
 * 1613 C.E. — 1666 C.E. Civil War
 * 1844 C.E. First Franco—Moroccan War
 * 1859 C.E. Spanish—Moroccan War
 * 1893 C.E. Rif War
 * 1909 C.E. Rif War
 * 1911 C.E. — 1912 C.E. Second Franco—Moroccan War
 * 1920 C.E. — 1926 C.E. Rif War
 * 1914 C.E. — 1921 C.E. Zaian War
 * 1942 C.E. North African Campaign
 * 1957 C.E. — 1958 C.E. Ifni War
 * 1963 C.E. Sand War
 * 1975 C.E. — 1991 C.E. Western Sahara War

Chad

 * circa 1203 C.E. — 1243 C.E. Dunama Dabbalemi, of the Sayfawa dynasty, mai of the Kanem Empire, declared jihad against the surrounding tribes and initiated an extended period of conquest
 * circa 1455 C.E. — 1487 C.E. Ali Gazi, ruler of the Bornu Empire, took on the Bulala nomads, defeated them, and re-captured the old Kanem capital, Njimi
 * Rabih's War
 * Civil war in Chad (1965–1979)
 * Civil war in Chad (1979-1982)
 * Chadian-Libyan conflict
 * Civil war in Chad (1998–2002)
 * Civil war in Chad (2005–2010)
 * Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present)

Somalia

 * circa 1700 B.C.E. Invasion of Ancient Egypt by the Kingdom of Kush and the Land of Punt
 * Ethiopian-Adal War
 * Somaliland Campaign
 * East African Campaign (World War II)
 * Italian conquest of British Somaliland
 * Ethio-Somali War
 * Somali Rebellion
 * January 26, 1991 C.E. — ongoing Somali Civil War
 * 1995 C.E. — 2008 C.E. Insurgency in Ogaden

Ethiopia

 * circa 1285 C.E. Ifat's conquest of shewa
 * 1529 C.E. — 1543 C.E. Ethiopian-Adal War
 * March 1529 C.E. Battle of Shimbra Kure
 * 1531 C.E. Battle of Antukyah
 * October 28, 1531 C.E. Battle of Amba Sel
 * April 24, 1541 C.E. Battle of Sahart
 * February 2, 1542 C.E. Battle of Baçente
 * April 4, 1542 C.E. — April 16, 1,542 C.E. Battle of Jarte
 * August 1542 C.E. Battle of the Hill of the Jews
 * August 28, 1542 C.E. Battle of Wofla
 * February 21, 1543 C.E. Battle of Wayna Daga
 * 1,895 C.E. — 1896 C.E. First Italo-Ethiopia War
 * March 1, 1896 C.E. Battle of Adwa
 * December 7, 1895 C.E. Battle of Amba Alagi
 * January 13, 1895 C.E. Battle of Coatit
 * October 3, 1935 C.E. — May 1,936 C.E. Second Italo-Abyssinian War
 * June 10, 1940 C.E. — November 27, 1,941 C.E. East African Campaign
 * July 13, 1977 C.E. — March 15, 1,978 C.E. Ethio-Somali War
 * September 1, 1961 C.E. — May 29, 1,991 C.E. Eritrean War of Independence

Djibouti

 * Djiboutian Civil War
 * Djiboutian-Eritrean border conflict

Eritrea

 * First Italo-Ethiopia War
 * Second Italo-Abyssinian War
 * East African Campaign (World War II)
 * Eritrean Civil Wars
 * Eritrean War of Independence
 * List of massacres committed during the Eritrean War of Independence
 * Eritrean-Ethiopian War

Madagascar

 * Battle of Madagascar (World War II)
 * First Madagascar expedition
 * Second Madagascar expedition
 * Madagascar revolt

Comoros

 * Comorian Secession Crisis
 * 2008 invasion of Anjouan

Mauritius

 * Battle of Grand Port

Rwanda

 * Rwandan Civil War
 * Rwandan Genocide

Burundi

 * Burundi genocide
 * Burundi Civil War
 * Titanic Express Massacre
 * Itaba Massacre
 * Gatumba Massacre

Uganda

 * 1971 Ugandan coup d'état
 * Operation Entebbe (1976)
 * Uganda-Tanzania War (1978 – 1979)
 * Fall of Kampala (1979)
 * Uganda National Rescue Front (1980–1985)
 * Ugandan Civil War (1982 – 1986)
 * Uganda People's Democratic Army (1986–1988)
 * Holy Spirit Movement (1986–1987)
 * Lord's Resistance Army (1987–present)
 * Allied Democratic Forces (1996-?)
 * Uganda National Rescue Front II (1996–2002)

Kenya

 * East African Campaign (World War I)
 * East African Campaign (World War II)
 * Mau Mau Uprising (1952–1960)
 * Shifta War (1963–1967)
 * Wagalla massacre
 * Garissa massacre
 * Turbi Village Massacre (2005)
 * 2007–2008 Kenyan crisis

Tanzania

 * 1978–1979 Uganda-Tanzania War

Benin

 * 1578–1608 Oyo-Benin War
 * 1724–1727 Abomey (Dahomey) conquests
 * 1726–1730 First Oyo-Dahomey War
 * 1738–1748 Second Oyo-Dahomey War
 * 1764 Second Ashanti-Akim War
 * 1768 Yaruba-Ashanti War
 * 1775 Benin Civil War
 * 1818 Dahomey revolt
 * 1889–1894 France conquers Dahomey
 * 1897 Benin Expedition
 * 1914 Holli Rebellion
 * 1915–1917 Atakora Rebellions

Burkina Faso

 * 1590–1591 Moors conquer Songhai Empire
 * 1883–1890 French conquest of the Upper Niger
 * 1896 France conquers Mossi
 * 1974–1975 First Mali-Upper Volta war
 * 1985 Agacher Strip War
 * 1987 Burkina Faso coup d'état

Cameroon

 * 1804–1808 First Fulani Jihad
 * 1835–1836 Second Fulani Jihad
 * circa 1880 Bamum-Nso War
 * 1904–1905 Kamerun insurrection
 * 1906 Nso expedition
 * 1914–1916 World War I West African campaign
 * 1940 World War II West African campaign
 * 1956–1961 Cameroun disorders
 * 1962–1971 Cameroon UP disorders
 * 1984 Cameroonian coup
 * 1994–1996 Bakassi clashes

Côte d'Ivoire

 * 1885–1886 Second Mandingo War
 * 1898 Third Mandingo War
 * 2002–2007 Ivorian Civil War
 * 2011 Ivorian crisis

Gabon

 * West Africa Campaign (World War II)
 * Battle of Gabon

Ghana

 * 1620–1654 Dutch-Portuguese War
 * 1637 Battle of Elmina
 * 1664–1665 Anglo-Dutch War
 * 1712–1720 Ashanti Civil War
 * circa 1730 First Ashanti-Akim War
 * 1764 Second Ashanti-Akim War
 * 1768 Yaruba-Ashanti War
 * 1806–1807 Ashanti conquest
 * 1811 Ga-Fante War
 * 1814–1816 Ashanti-Akim-Aquapim War
 * 1823–1831 First Anglo-Ashanti War
 * 1863–1864 Second Anglo-Ashanti War
 * 1873–1874 Third Anglo-Ashanti War
 * 1893–1896 Fourth Anglo-Ashanti War
 * 1900 War of the Golden Stool
 * 1948 Accra Riots

Guinea

 * 2000–2001 RFDG insurgency
 * 2009 Guinea coup and unrest

Guinea-Bissau

 * 1963–1974 Guinea-Bissau War of Independence
 * 1998–1999 Guinea-Bissau Civil War
 * 2008–2009 Guinea-Bissau unrest and coup

Liberia

 * 1989–1996 First Liberian Civil War
 * 1999–2003 Second Liberian Civil War

Mali

 * 647–709 CE Muslim conquest of the Maghreb
 * 1075 CE Almoravid conquest of the Ghana Empire
 * Circa 1230–1250 Rise of the Mali Empire
 * c. 1235 CE Battle of Kirina
 * 1400 Yatenga raids Masina
 * 1433 Tuaregs invade Mali
 * Circa 1460s Songhai conquered Mema
 * 1473 Siege of Djenné
 * 1500–1501 Songhai-Diara conquest
 * 1591–1618 Moors re-conquer Mali
 * 1652–1682 Expansion of the Bamana Empire
 * 1670 Bambara-Mandogo War
 * 1712–1755 Further expansion of the Bamana Empire
 * 1750–1775 Tuaregs invade Mali again
 * 1755–1766 Segu Civil War
 * 1810–1818 Mopti Jihad
 * 1848–1864 Initial conquests of El Hadj Umar Tall Jihad
 * 1883–1886 First Mandigo War
 * 1962–1964 First Tuareg rebellion
 * 1974–1975 First Mali-Upper Volta war
 * 1985 Agacher Strip War
 * 1990–1995 Azawad insurgency and Malian civil war
 * 2002–present Insurgency in the Maghreb
 * 2007–2009 Second Tuareg rebellion
 * 2012 Third Tuareg Rebellion
 * 2012–present Northern Mali conflict

Niger

 * 1505–1506 Songhai-Kel-Aïr War
 * 1507–1514 Songhai-Fulani-Borgu War
 * 1516–1517 Songhai Civil War
 * 1590–1591 Moors conquer Songhai Empire
 * 1618–1700 Niger Valley Civil War
 * 1670 Bambara-Mandogo War
 * 1740 Kel-Owey-Kel-Aïr War
 * 1879 France conquers Niger
 * 1879–1893 Rabih az-Zubayr conquests
 * 1883–1890 French conquest of the Upper Niger
 * 1893 France-Tuareg War
 * 1916–1917 Kaocen (Tuareg) Revolt
 * 1989 Tuareg separatist clashes
 * 1990–1995 First Azawad insurgency
 * 2002–present Islamic Insurgency in the Maghreb
 * 2007–2009 Second Azawad insurgency
 * 2012 Tuareg Rebellion

Nigeria

 * 1507–1514 Songhai-Fulani-Borgu War
 * 1512 Songhai-Tengela-Diara War
 * circa 1535 Nupe-Oyo War
 * 1550 Hausa-Oyo War
 * 1590 Oyo War of Independence
 * 1728–1748 Oyo-Dahomey Wars
 * 1793 First Oyo-Ife War
 * 1804–1808 First Fulani Jihad
 * 1808–1811 Fulani-Bornu War
 * 1811–1812 Second Owu-Ife War
 * 1817 Fulani-Oyo (Yoruba) War
 * 1820–1840 Yoruba Civil War
 * 1835–1836 Second Fulani Jihad
 * 1846 Bornu Civil War
 * 1873 Rafin Jaki Jihad
 * 1892–1893 Rabih az-Zubayr-Baguirmi War
 * 1897–1899 Britain conquers Bida-Fulani
 * 1900–1903 Britain conquers northern Nigeria
 * 1904 Southern Nigerian uprising
 * 1906 Satiru expedition
 * 1906 Sokoto religious insurrection
 * 1918 Egba uprising
 * 1967–1970 Nigerian Civil War
 * 1981–1984 Nigerian Islamic insurgency
 * 1983 Lake Chad border war
 * 1994–1996 Bakassi clashes with Cameroon
 * 2000– Nigerian Sharia conflict
 * 2004– Conflict in the Niger Delta
 * 2009– Boko Haram uprising
 * 2010 Jos riots

São Tomé and Príncipe

 * 1953 Batepá Massacre

Sierra Leone

 * Action of 7 February 1813
 * Ndogboyosoi War
 * Sierra Leone Civil War

Western Sahara

 * 1957–1958 Ifni War
 * 1975–1991 Western Sahara War

Central African Republic

 * Kongo-Wara
 * Central African Republic Bush War 2004-2007
 * 2012–present Central African Republic conflict

Republic of Congo (Congo-Brazzaville)

 * Congo (Brazzaville) Civil War
 * Kongo Civil War

Democratic Republic of Congo (Congo-Kinshasa)

 * Congo Free State
 * Congo Crisis June 1960 - November 1966
 * Katangan
 * South Kasai Secession
 * Simba Rebellion
 * Shaba I 1977
 * Shaba II 1978
 * First Congo War
 * Second Congo War
 * Ituri Conflict
 * Kivu Conflict

South Africa

 * Anglo-Zulu War
 * Battle of Isandlwana
 * Rorke's Drift
 * Battle of Intombe
 * Battle of Gingindlovu
 * Siege of Eshowe
 * Battle of Hlobane
 * Battle of Kambula
 * Battle of Ulundi
 * Cape Frontier Wars
 * Battle of Blood River
 * Battle of Blaauwberg
 * First Boer War
 * Second Boer War
 * Sharpeville Massacre
 * Soweto Uprising
 * South African Border War
 * Battle of Cassinga
 * South-West Africa Campaign (World War I)
 * Maritz Rebellion
 * Weenen Massacre
 * Zulu Civil War

Zimbabwe

 * First Matabele War
 * Chimurenga - overview of Rhodesian/Zimbabwe Civil Wars
 * Second Matabele War a.k.a. the First Chimurenga
 * Second Chimurenga/Rhodesian Bush War 1964-1979

Swaziland

 * Second Boer War

Lesotho

 * Gun War
 * South African intervention in Lesotho

Mozambique

 * East African Campaign (World War I)
 * Mozambican War of Independence
 * Mozambican Civil War

Angola

 * Circa 1880s Chokwe-Mbunda War
 * Angolan War of Independence
 * Angolan Civil War
 * Battle of Casey Carleton
 * Battle of Cassinga

Malawi

 * East African Campaign (World War I)

Namibia

 * Caprivi conflict
 * Herero Genocide
 * Namibian War of Independence
 * South-West Africa Campaign (World War I)
 * Maritz Rebellion

Zambia

 * East African Campaign (World War I)
 * East African Campaign (World War II)

21st Century

 * 2001–present War on Terrorism
 * 1997–present Islamic Terrorism in Egypt
 * 2002–present Islamic insurgency in the Maghreb
 * 2002–present Operation Enduring Freedom - Horn of Africa
 * 2006 Rise of the Islamic Courts Union
 * 2006–2009 Ethiopian War in Somalia
 * 2007–present Operation Enduring Freedom - Trans Sahara
 * 2009–present Islamist civil war in Somalia
 * 2009 Taliban insurgency in Nigeria
 * 2001–2003 Central African Republic civil war
 * 2002–2003 Ivorian Civil War
 * 2003–2009 War in Darfur
 * 2004 French–Ivorian clashes
 * 2004–present Conflict in the Niger Delta
 * 2004–2007 Central African Republic Bush War
 * 2004–present Kivu conflict
 * 2005–2010 Chadian Civil War
 * 2005–2008 Mount Elgon insurgency
 * 2007–2009 Second Tuareg Rebellion
 * 2007–2008 Kenyan crisis
 * 2008 Invasion of Anjouan
 * 2008 Djiboutian–Eritrean border conflict
 * 2009 Sudan airstrikes
 * 2011 Second Ivorian Civil War
 * 2011 Libyan civil war
 * 2012–present Tuareg rebellion