Keith Chisholm

Flight Lieutenant Keith Bruce Chisholm M.C, D.F.M (22 December 1918-August 1991) was a distinguished Australian pilot who served in 452 squadron during World War II. He was recognized for his exploits with the Polish and French resistance, after being shot down over France, in October 1941.

Early career
Chisholm was born in Petersham, New South Wales, and educated at Newington College (1930–1936). While training as a dentist, war broke out, and he joined the Royal Australian Air Force, in 1940 and trained with the Empire Air Training Scheme in Canada, being one of the first Australian graduates.

With 452 Squadron and capture
In May 1941 he was assigned to 452 squadron, a RAAF squadron which belonged to the RAF Kenley Wing. In August and September 1941 he was responsible for 7 “kills,” while flying Spitfire Mark Vs, however he was shot down near Berck-sur-Mer, on 1 October 1941, and parachuted into the sea. The official Australian War History notes: In Chisholm the squadron lost a pilot of outstanding ability who had contributed greatly to its record of achievements. His subsequent exploits ...may serve to indicate the character of these early non-professional pilots He was captured by the Germans and sent to Lamsdorf Prisoner of War camp. In April 1942 he and another RAAF airman exchanged identities with two soldiers, and were able to join a working party outside the camp. In June, Chisholm and several others escaped, but they were recaptured near Brno, in Czechoslovakia, and returned to Lamsdorf Prisoner of War camp.

Successful escape
In August 1942, having again swapped his identity, Chisholm and three others managed to escape from a work camp near Gliwice. After a week they made contact with sympathetic Poles, and were taken to a resistance leader in Kraków. Chisholm lived with a Polish family in Warsaw for much of this time. Various plans for escape back to England were developed and abandoned as the war progressed. The official account of his escape notes a degree of audacity in his activities; on one occasion, when a fellow escapee's papers were challenged in Poland, he pushed a policeman into the Vistula river to effect their escape. Finally, in March 1944, Chisholm and a Dutch refugee left Poland by train for Berlin, using money and forged papers obtained from the Polish resistance. After a day spent in Berlin; "Visiting cinemas, viewing bomb damage and dining in restaurants," Chisholm and his partner departed by train for Brussels. After many delays, Chisholm reached Paris on 10 May 1944. Here he lived with a policeman and joined the FFI, until, with liberation, he was able to return to England on 30 August 1944.

Official War historian John Hetherington commented; For more than two years he had by tenacity, effrontery and resilience kept himself free in enemy territory and despite repeated failures as his successive plans neared fruition, had finally surmounted all difficulties and escaped completely.

Chisholm was the first Empire trainee to win the DFM.

Later life
After the war, Chisholm sponsored a member of the family who had hidden him, Polish lawyer and former underground member Halina Kozubowska, to come to Australia. He met her on arrival in Sydney with other refugees in November 1946.

“I always fall on my feet” he told the Western Mail in 1952, following his engagement to 24 year old Eliane Defferriere, in Paris in 1952. After the war he became a woolbuyer, moving to Andover, Massachusetts in 1957.

Chisholm died in 1991, survived by his second wife, Marie-France, and four children. A memorial service was held in the Newington College Chapel. In 1993, his ashes were returned to Australia by his widow and step-son and interred, with full military honours, at Rookwood Cemetery with a Newington College Guard of Honour.