Islamic Unity of Afghanistan Mujahideen

The Islamic Unity of Afghanistan Mujahideen, also known as the Seven Party Mujahideen Alliance or Peshawar Seven, was an Afghan organization formed in May 1985 by the seven Afghan mujahideen parties fighting against the Soviet and Democratic Republic of Afghanistan forces in the Soviet-Afghan War. The alliance sought to function as a united diplomatic front towards the world opinion, and sought representation in the United Nations and Organisation of the Islamic Conference.

The constituents of the Peshavar Seven alliance fell into two categories, the political Islamists: Khalis faction (Khalis), Hezbi Islami (Hekmatyar), Jamiat-i-Islami (Rabbani), and Islamic Union for the Liberation of Afghanistan (Sayyaf), and the traditionalists: National Islamic Front for Afghanistan (Gailani), Afghanistan National Liberation Front (Mojaddedi), and Revolutionary Islamic Movement (Mohammadi).

All of the groups were Sunni Muslims, and all were majority Pashtun except Jamiat-i-Islami, which was predominantly Tajik. Another, smaller but dominant Mujahideen alliance, was composed of mainly Shi'a Muslims. It was named the Tehran Eight - an alliance of eight Shia Afghan factions, supported by Iran.

Although Islamic Unity of Afghanistan Mujahideen alliance took its formal shape in the mid-1980s, it had de facto existed as a political bloc since May 1979, when the Pakistani government decided to limit the flow of foreign financial aid, mainly from the United States (under the Reagan Doctrine) and Saudi Arabia, to the said seven organizations, thus cutting off monetary supply to nationalist and leftwing resistance groups.

Alliance formation
According to Vijay Prashad, Director of the International Studies Program at Trinity College, Hartford, Connecticut, the coalition was founded in 1981, as a coalition of the groups fighting against the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan. According to Tom Lansford, the author of A bitter harvest: US foreign policy and Afghanistan, the group was formed in 1985.

Both Prashad and Lansford asserted the Union was founded under pressure from the United States, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan. Lansford asserted that the Union's primary backers were Saudi. Prashad identified Osama bin Laden as one of the primary Saudi financial backers.

Members of the alliance
There were seven members of the Mujahedeen Alliance of Afghanistan, a predominantly Sunni Islamic union, with one Sufi order organization member. It consisted of:
 * Khalis faction - led by Khalis;
 * Hezbi Islami - led by Hekmatyar;
 * Jamiat-i-Islami - led by Rabbani
 * Shura-e Nazar - an offshoot of Jamiat-i-Islami, led by Ahmad Shah Massoud, one of the most powerful Mujahedeen commanders, from 1984.
 * Islamic Union for the Liberation of Afghanistan - led by Sayyaf;
 * National Islamic Front for Afghanistan - led by Gailani;
 * Afghanistan National Liberation Front - led by Mojaddedi;
 * Revolutionary Islamic Movement - led by Mohammadi.