Mishaal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud

Mishaal bin Abdulaziz al Saud (مشعل بن عبد العزيز آل سعود Misha`al bin `Abd al-`Azīz as-Saʻūd; 5 September 1926 – 3 May 2017) was chairman of the Allegiance Council and a senior member of the House of Saud. He held different cabinet posts in the 1950s.

Early life
Prince Misha'al was born on 5 September 1926. He was the thirteenth son of Ibn Saud.

He was the full brother of Prince Mansour, Prince Mutaib and Princess Qumash who died on 26 September 2011. Their mother was the Lebanese-born, Shahida, (died 1938), who reportedly was the favorite wife of Ibn Saud.

Career
Prince Mishaal served as the Minister of Defense from 12 May 1951 to 1953. He replaced his full brother Prince Mansour as minister of defense when he died of alcohol poisoning after a party hosted by then-Riyadh governor Nasser bin Abdulaziz in 1951. Until that date, Prince Mishaal served as deputy minister of defense. When he became minister, his younger full brother Prince Mutaib was appointed his deputy. As minister of defense, he became one of the most affluent princes in the Al Saud family. He bought state land for very cheap prices and yielded extraordinary profits. But because of his lack of education and experience, Prince Mishaal let the ministry remain completely unorganized. He leaned heavily on advice and recommendation from foreign counsel. He wielded significant influence in Ibn Saud's government. Because of Mishaal's considerable power, Ibn Saud countered his influence by appointing Abdullah bin Faisal as minister of health and interior.

At the same time, Ibn Saud established the ministry of air force under Prince Mishaal to prevent flight-related matters from going under Prince Talal, the then minister of communication. Since Mishaal and Talal could not agree, Saudi Arabia was to have two airline fleets. But in April 1955, Prince Talal resigned and the ministry of communication was merged with ministry of finance. In May 1955, King Saud created a renewed modern National Guard. This was led by Saud's son Prince Khalid who replaced a commoner. This move weakened Prince Mishaal because he had often used the old National Guard's resources.

Other positions
Mishaal and his full-brother Mutaib were ousted from the office under King Saud but they returned to favour in 1963 under regent and later King Faisal who entrusted them a key governorship and deputy governorship, respectively. Specifically, Mishaal served as Governor of Makkah Province from 1963 to 1971. Both Mishaal and Mutaib resigned from their posts in 1971 for reasons that are not entirely clear. Prince Mishaal was appointed chairman of the Allegiance Council on 10 December 2007.

Succession to the throne
Mishaal bin Abdulaziz protested more than once that he should have been crown prince since he served as both a governor and a minister and was older than some of his brothers. Mishaal's firm, Mishaal International, along with its German and Chinese partners, is the leading contender to build much of the Kingdom's new multibillion-dollar railway system. On the other hand, it is argued that he was immediately excluded from the competition for the title of crown prince by the Sudairi brothers.

Influence
Mishaal bin Abdulaziz was impartial in family politics, although he was known to incline towards King Abdallah or be one of King Abdullah's close allies. His neutral stance made him the perfect choice to be the chairman of the Allegiance Council. This role was considered to be a significant position, giving him influence in the decision-making process in regard to succession.

Business activities
Mishaal bin Abdulaziz was a leading businessman, with substantial investments in real estate, insurance, electrical utilities, oil trading and cement manufacture.

He was founder of Al Shoula Group, which is a major investor in real estate developments throughout the Middle East partnering with such investors as Dubai's Emaar Group, Kuwait's Bayt Al Mal Investment Company, and the Al Rajhi family's Tameer Group. Al Shoula's wholly owned subsidiary, Dhahran Global, is active in broad areas of the petroleum and petrochemical industry including pipeline development, oil and gas production, oilfield services and international product trading. The CEO of Al Shoula Group was his son Prince Abdulaziz.

Prince Mishaal was also chairman of the board of Yanbu Cement company, established in 1976.

Personal life
Mishaal bin Abdulaziz was a supporter of the traditional camel racing and horse racing, and had valuable racing camels and horses. Each year, he patronized camel races in the kingdom. He also dealt with traditional falconry.

Abdul Aziz bin Fahd married Al Anoud bint Faisal Al Saud in December 2010. She is the granddaughter of Prince Mishaal.

In October 2009, Mishaal bin Abdulaziz was rushed to hospital in Geneva, apparently having suffered a stroke. Then, he returned to Saudi Arabia from unspecified medical treatment in Beirut in December 2009. Mishaal died on 3 May 2017 at the age of 90 according to the official Saudi Press Agency.