Jukums Vācietis

Jukums Vācietis (November 11, 1873 – July 28, 1938) (Иоаким Иоакимович Вацетис, Ioakim Ioakimovich Vatsetis) was a Latvian Soviet military commander. He was a rare example of notable Soviet leaders who were not members of the Communist Party (nor of any other one).

Early life
Jukums Vācietis began his academic life at the Skede Parish School and the Ministry of Kuldiga school. He had a tough childhood. Besides studying, he also worked in a match factory.

Military career
He started his military career in Imperial Russia in 1891. During World War I he commanded the 5th Latvian Zemgale Rifle Regiment (eventually with the rank of colonel), which joined the supported Lenin's Bolsheviks after the October Revolution and the ensuing Russian Civil War. From April 1918 he was the commander of the Red Latvian Riflemen division. From July to September 1918 he commanded the Eastern Front. He was the first commander-in-chief of the Red Army (RKKA), a member of the Revolutionary Military Council (September 4, 1918–July 8, 1919). In July he was arrested under the false accusation of membership in a counter-revolutionary reactionary White Guardist organization, but was soon released.

In 1922 he became a professor of the RKKA Military Academy (future Frunze Military Academy). During this time, he wrote several books, most notable among them being 'Latvian Riflemen's Historical Importance'.

In 1935 he has been assigned a personal rank of Comandarm 2nd rank.

On November 29, 1937 he was arrested as a member of the alleged "Latvian Fascist Organization within the RKKA", and executed in 1938. He was rehabilitated in 1957.