Second Rebellion in Shouchun

The Second Rebellion in Shouchun, also known as Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin's Rebellion or the Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin Rebellion, was a punitive uprising against the Sima clan of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms era. This was the second of the Three Rebellions in Shouchun in the 250s.

Background
Following the Incident at Gaoping Tombs, the Sima clan obtained complete control of the authority of Wei. Sima Shi deposed the Wei emperor Cao Fang in 254 and replaced him with Cao Mao, inciting Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin to rebel.

Planning
When Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin rebelled, they decided to secretly obtain masses of troops without giving away that their intentions were to revolt. They sent a messenger to Zhuge Dan to recruit and levy heavy quantities from Yu Province. (They did not reveal that they were going to rebel.) Finding that this was an unreasonable request, Zhuge Dan knew that they were plotting a revolt and had the messenger executed.

Rebellion
News of the uprising quickly reached Eastern Wu, which has long desired Shouchun. The Wu emperor Sun Liang sent troops to aid Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin to weaken the Wei forces. Sun Jun led the support forces with Liu Zan and Lu Ju. Sima Shi, Hu Zun, Deng Ai, and Zhuge Dan merged forces and marched upon the rebels. Wang Ji, the Inspector of Jing Province, was told to capture Nandun before Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin could do so. The Wei army then halted and mobilised, successfully instilling fear in movements in the rebel army, which would ultimately end their uprising. The Huai River northern region was where the rebels' families were, which brought down the rebels' morale. Troops abandoned Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin. When Sima Shi saw this, Deng Ai was ordered to take his forces into Yuejia garrison, with a mere number of troops. Wen Qin rushed for the attack and was intercepted by the main force. Wen Qin ordered a retreat but was ultimately routed by Sima Ban. This caused a massive amount of Shouchun's population to flee to Wu in fear that they would be massacred. The rest of the rebels disbanded, and Guanqiu Jian was murdered in Shen County by Zhang Shu. Wen Qin immediately fled to Wu. By the time Wen Qin had reached Xiang County, Shouchun, and the rest of Huai River was captured by Zhuge Dan. The Wu forces by this time had not yet arrived, so they quickly ordered retreat from Dongxing. Zhuge Dan sent troops to attack the Wu forces, killing Liu Zan and many of their troops.

Aftermath
Wen Qin and his family successfully retreated to Wu, but Wen Qin was killed by Zhuge Dan when the latter rebelled a few years later. Sima Shi was young and had no heirs, so the regency was given to his younger brother Sima Zhao. Sima Zhao quelled a third rebellion in Shouchun led by Zhuge Dan a few years later, and later launched the conquest of Shu a few years later. Then Sima Zhao died and the regency was given to his son Sima Yan. Sima Yan then quickly had Cao Huan abdicate the Wei throne to him, establishing the Jin Dynasty. In 280, Wu fell to Jin and the Three Kingdoms period ended.

Modern references
This stage, along with the other two rebellions, are all featured as playable stages during the Jin Story Mode in the seventh instalment of Koei's Dynasty Warriors video game series. In the stage, the player plays as Sima Shi.