Esmond Knight

Esmond Penington Knight (4 May 1906 – 23 February 1987) was an English actor. He had a successful stage and film career before World War II. For much of his later career Knight was half blind. He had been badly injured in 1941 whilst on active service on board HMS Prince of Wales when she fought the Bismarck at the Battle of the Denmark Strait, and remained totally blind for two years, though he later regained some sight in his right eye.

Early career
He was an accomplished actor with a career spanning over half a century. He established himself in the 1920s on stage. In John Gielgud's famous 1930 production of Hamlet he played Rosencrantz. He also appeared in films. In Romany Love (1931) he played "a swaggering gypsy who never stopped singing." For The Private Life of Henry VIII (1933), Knight and his uncle C.W.R. Knight trained the falcons used in the hunting scenes. In Alfred Hitchcock's Waltzes from Vienna (1934), he played the lead role as Johann Strauss. Following this, he landed a number of roles in Hollywood films. He travelled to Germany to star in Schwarze Rosen (1937), a film about a Finnish anti-communist. The film was shot in three versions, in English, German and French. Julius Streicher visited the set during filming. Thereafter Knight appeared in various film and theatre productions in Britain.

Military service
After war was declared, Knight continued to act, appearing in Powell and Pressburger's film Contraband (1940). He sought a naval commission, but after the evacuation of Dunkirk he became involved in training Local Defence Volunteers. In late 1940 he was accepted for naval training. In 1941 Knight was asked to play the lead role of fanatical Nazi Lieutenant Hirth in another Powell and Pressburger propaganda film 49th Parallel (1941), but Eric Portman took the role as Knight was required for military training. He did appear in This England (also 1941), another propaganda film.

After completing his Naval training, Knight was appointed as Gunnery Officer, with the rank of lieutenant, on the battleship HMS Prince of Wales. In 1941, the ship received orders to pursue the German battleship Bismarck and the heavy cruiser Prinz Eugen. In the ensuing Battle of the Denmark Strait, Knight witnessed the sinking of HMS Hood before being blinded by shrapnel. A shell fired by Bismarck either passed through the bridge of the Prince of Wales and did not explode or it exploded near the ship. Either way fragments from the ship's superstructure hit Knight in the face causing him to lose an eye and leaving the other severely damaged.

Recuperation
Though blind, Knight insisted that he would continue his acting career. During this period, he dictated an early autobiography to his secretary, Annabella Cloudsley, Seeking the Bubble (Hutchinson & Co. 1943). Knight continued to act in radio productions. Though still totally blind, he also appeared on film, once more as a Nazi villain, in Powell and Pressburger's The Silver Fleet (1943).

During 1943, Knight received a series of treatments from Dr Vincent Nesfield designed to restore sight to his remaining eye. The treatment was a great success, restoring much of Knight's sight. The partial return of his sight made a major difference to his career. He appeared briefly in another Powell and Pressburger film, playing the roles of the village idiot and the "Seven Sisters Soldier" in A Canterbury Tale (1944), also adding the voice-over reading of Chaucer. His major breakthrough back into the mainstream came when he was cast as Fluellen, the brave but eccentric Welsh officer in Laurence Olivier's version of Henry V (1944).

Later career
Knight continued to work with Olivier and with Powell and Pressburger, appearing in the former's Shakespearean films Hamlet (1948) and Richard III (1955). For the latter, he appeared in Black Narcissus (1947) and The Red Shoes (1948). He also starred in Jean Renoir's The River (1951).

Knight was the subject of a This Is Your Life episode in 1957 when he was surprised by Eamonn Andrews at the King's Theatre in Hammersmith, London.

In the film Sink the Bismarck! (1960), he played John Leach, the captain of HMS Prince of Wales, the ship he had served in when he was blinded (though the captain is not named in the film). In the same year he played Jack Cade in the BBC Shakespeare series An Age of Kings.

He starred as Professor Ernest Reinhart in the British science fiction television series A for Andromeda (1961), alongside Patricia Kneale and Peter Halliday.

In Robin and Marian (1976), a film directed by Richard Lester, he played a blind old man who defies Richard I of England. For the role, Knight removed his glass eye.

Personal life
Knight was married twice. He married actress Frances Clare in 1929. The couple had a daughter, actress Rosalind Knight.

During the 1930s, he had a long-running affair with Nora Swinburne, of which his wife was aware. She was also an actress who appeared with him in several stage plays. After a short-lived attempt to end the affair, Knight left Frances for Nora. The couple married in 1946 and remained together until his death.

Death
Knight died of a heart attack in London	on 23 February 1987.

Stage

 * The Wild Duck - Pax Robertson's Salon, London (1925)
 * Various Shakespeare productions - full season, Old Vic (1926)
 * Various productions - Children's Theatre, London (1928)
 * Hamlet - Queen's Theatre, London (with John Gielgud and Donald Wolfit) (1930)
 * Full Season - King's Theatre, Hammersmith (1939)
 * Full Season - Royal Shakespeare Company, Stratford-upon-Avon (1948–1949)
 * Caesar and Cleopatra - St James's Theatre, London (with Laurence Olivier, Peter Cushing and Vivien Leigh) (1951)
 * The Emperor's New Clothes - Ethel Barrymore Theatre, New York (with Lee J. Cobb) (1953)
 * Full Season - The Old Vic, London (1962–1963)
 * Agincourt - The Archer's Tale - Royal Exchange Theatre, Manchester (one man show) (1973)
 * The Family Reunion - Royal Exchange Theatre, Manchester (with Edward Fox) (1973 & 1979)
 * Crime and Punishment adapted by Paul Bailey. Directed by Michael Elliott at the Royal Exchange, Manchester (1978)
 * Moby-Dick - Royal Exchange Theatre, Manchester (with Brian Cox) (1983–1984)

Selected filmography

 * The Blue Peter (1928) .... Radio operator
 * The Ringer (1931) .... John Lenley
 * 77 Park Lane (1931) .... Philip Connor
 * Deadlock (1931) .... John Tring
 * Romany Love (1931) .... Davy Summers
 * The Bermondsey Kid (1933) .... Eddie Martin
 * Waltzes From Vienna (1934) .... Johann Strauss, the Younger
 * The Blue Squadron (1934) .... Captain Carlo Banti
 * Lest We Forget (1934) .... Pat Doyle Jr.
 * Father and Son (1934) .... Michael Bolton
 * Girls Will Be Boys (1934) .... Geoffrey Dawson
 * Womanhood (1934) .... Jack Gordon
 * Dandy Dick (1935) .... Tony Mardon
 * Crime Unlimited (1935) .... Pete Borden
 * Someday (1935) .... Curley Blake
 * Black Roses (1936) .... Pavo Collin
 * Pagliacci (1936) .... Cadet Silvio
 * The Vicar of Bray (1937) .... Dennis Melross
 * Weddings Are Wonderful (1938) .... Guy Rogers
 * The Arsenal Stadium Mystery (1939) .... Raille - Trojan Team Member
 * Contraband (1940) .... Mr. Pidgeon
 * Fingers (1941) .... Sid Harris
 * This England (1941) .... Vicar's Son
 * The Silver Fleet (1943) .... Von Schiffer
 * The Halfway House (1944) .... David Davies
 * A Canterbury Tale (1944) .... Narrator (non-US versions) / Seven-Sisters Soldier / Village Idiot
 * Henry V (1944) .... Fluellen - Captain in the English Army
 * Black Narcissus (1947) .... The Old General
 * Holiday Camp (1947) .... Camp Announcer
 * Uncle Silas (1947) .... Dr. Bryerly
 * The End of the River (1947) .... Dantos
 * Hamlet (1948) .... Bernardo
 * The Red Shoes (1948) .... Livy
 * Gone to Earth (1950) .... Abel Woodus
 * The River (1951) .... The Father
 * The Wild Heart (1952) .... Abel Woodus
 * Girdle of Gold (1952) .... William 'Evans the Milk' Evans
 * The Steel Key (1953) .... Prof. Newman
 * Richard III (1955) .... Ratcliffe
 * Helen of Troy (1955) .... High Priest
 * The Prince and the Showgirl (1957) .... Hoffman
 * Battle of the V-1 (1958) .... Stricker
 * Sink the Bismarck! (1960) .... Captain Leach (Prince of Wales)
 * Peeping Tom (1960) .... Arthur Baden
 * Decision at Midnight (1963) .... Peter Hauser
 * The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (1965) .... Old Judge
 * The Winter's Tale (1967) .... Camillo
 * Where's Jack? (1969) .... Ballad Singer
 * Anne of the Thousand Days (1969) .... Kingston
 * The Boy Who Turned Yellow (1972) .... Doctor
 * Yellow Dog (1973) .... Mundt
 * Robin and Marian (1976) .... Old Defender
 * The Man in the Iron Mask (1977) .... Armand
 * Sir Henry at Rawlinson End (1980) .... (uncredited)
 * The Element of Crime (1984) .... Osborne
 * Superman IV: The Quest for Peace (1987) .... 2nd Elder

Television

 * Arrow to the Heart (1952-1958) .... Bubnov, a Capmaker; Major Kartuschke, a Legal Officer
 * Nicholas Nickleby (1957) .... Wackford Squeers, Sr
 * A for Andromeda (1961) .... Professor Ernest Reinhart
 * Danger Man (1961) .... Baron
 * The Third Man (1965) .... Theodore Ratteau
 * Doctor Who - (The Space Pirates) (1969) .... Dom Issigri
 * Z-Cars (1969) .... Albert Wallace
 * Cousin Bette (1971) .... Marshal Hulot
 * She Stoops to Conquer (1971)
 * Elizabeth R (1971) .... Bishop de Quadra
 * Fall of Eagles (BBC, 1974) in which his second wife, Nora Swinburne, also appeared. .... General Ruzski
 * Quiller (1975) .... General Pickford
 * I, Claudius (1976) .... Domitius
 * Return of the Saint (1978) .... Paul Hanson
 * The Borgias (1981) .... Cardinal Gian Battista Orsini
 * Troilus and Cressida (1981)
 * Antony and Cleopatra (1981)
 * A Voyage Round My Father (1982)
 * Blott on the Landscape (1985) .... Sir Francis Puckerington
 * Fortunes of War (1987) .... Liversage (final appearance)