Richthofen

Richthofen is the surname of a prominent German aristocratic family. The most famous member is the air ace Manfred von Richthofen (1892–1918), also known as the "Red Baron", but a number of other members of his family are also notable for various reasons.

Some members of the family have a royal ancestry as descendants of the older of two illegitimate sons of Leopold I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau, by Sophie Eleonore Sölden.

Walter von Richthofen
Baron Walter von Richthofen, an uncle of Manfred von Richthofen, emigrated from Silesia to the United States in 1877. He founded the Denver Chamber of Commerce, and was co-founder of Montclair, Denver at that time a village east of Denver but now incorporated into the city. His Richthofen Castle was one of the most sumptuous mansions in the American West. Begun in 1883 and completed in 1887, it was modeled on the original Richthofen Castle in Germany. Located immediately around the Castle are the Baron's mistress's house and his sanitarium/dairy.

The Flying Aces
Manfred von Richthofen was the most successful fighter pilot of World War I, with 80 official victories before he was killed in action. His younger brother, Lothar von Richthofen (1894–1922), was also a flying ace, with 40 victories. He served alongside his brother in Jasta 11. Lothar died in an air crash in 1922.

World War II
The two aviators were fourth cousins of the German World War II Field Marshal Wolfram von Richthofen (1895–1945), himself a World War I flying ace. Frieda von Richthofen (1879–1956), who married the English novelist D. H. Lawrence (1885–1930) in July 1914, was a fifth cousin once removed. Though their last common ancestor was born in 1661, the Red Baron's fame nonetheless attached to Frieda's reputation in war time England. Frieda's sister Else von Richthofen was the first female social scientist in Germany. Their grand-nephew, Baron Dr. Hermann von Richthofen, was German Ambassador to the United Kingdom from 1989–1993, and his name made him a media favorite.

Herbert Freiherr von Richthofen
Herbert von Richthofen was an ambassador to Bulgaria between 1938 and 1941.

Other
Other well-known family members include:
 * Ferdinand von Richthofen (1833–1905), German traveller, geographer and scientist.
 * Manfred von Richthofen (general) (1855–1939), German General of the Cavalry during World War I
 * Else von Richthofen (1874–1973), German social scientist and feminist
 * Bolko von Richthofen (1899–1983), German archaeologist (not to be confused with Manfred's younger brother)
 * Hermann von Richthofen (born 1933), German diplomat