Tapani Incident

The Tapani Incident in 1915 was one of the largest armed uprisings against Japanese rule in Taiwan. Alternative names used to refer to the incident include the Xilai Temple Incident (Japanese: 西来庵事件; Japanese rōmaji: Seirai-an jiken; ) (after the Xilai Temple, where the revolt began) and the Yu Qingfang Incident (after the leader Yu Qingfang).

Consequences
Modern Taiwanese historiography attempts to portray the Jiaobanian Incident as a nationalist uprising, either from a Chinese (unification) or Taiwanese (independence) perspective, whereas Japanese colonial historiography attempted to portray the incident as a large scale instance of banditry led by criminal elements. However, the Tapani Incident differs from other uprisings in Taiwan's history due to the elements of millenarianism and folk religion, which enabled Yu Qingfang to raise a significant armed force whose members believed themselves to be invulnerable to modern weaponry.

The similarities between the rhetoric of the leaders of the Jiaobanian uprising and the Righteous Harmony Society of the recent Boxer Rebellion in China were not lost on Japanese colonial authorities, and subsequently, the colonial government paid more attention to popular religion, and took steps to improve on colonial administration in southern Taiwan.