Stuart Whitman

Stuart Maxwell Whitman (born February 1, 1928) is an American actor. He is known for playing Marshal Jim Crown on the Western television series Cimarron Strip (1967). Whitman also starred with John Wayne in the Western film, The Comancheros (1961), and received top billing as the romantic lead in the film Those Magnificent Men in their Flying Machines (1965).

Early life
Whitman was born in San Francisco, California, the elder of two sons, the son of Cecilia (née Gold) and Joseph Whitman. His family was Jewish and Whitman describes himself as "a real American - have a little bit of English, Irish, Scotch and Russian - so I get along with everyone."

His parents had married in their teens and traveled frequently during his childhood - his father was a lawyer who moved into property development. Whitman started his education in New York, in Manhattan and Poughkeepsie. "I went to so many schools—26 in all!—that I was always an outsider," he later recalled. "It wasn’t until high school that I could REALLY read . . . I always sat in the back of the room."

He was interested in acting since he was five and did three summer stock plays in New York when he was twelve but "nobody took that seriously," he said. His uncle Ben thought he had potential as a boxer and secretly trained him for that. When World War Two broke out, Joseph Whitman moved to Los Angeles to run oil cracking plants for the government. His family settled in Los Angeles and Whitman graduated from Hollywood High School in 1945.

Military service
After school he enlisted in the United States Army and served in the Corps of Engineers for three years at Fort Lewis, Washington. During this time, he occasionally boxed, winning 31 of his 32 bouts. Whitman had a difficult time with US Army fighter "Denny Dennison" (né Archibald Dennison Scott III) with whom he had had bouts at Hollywood High School. Denny, who had gone into active duty in January 1944 after five months of the delayed entry program, had won against his third opponent who was considered his toughest match up. Whitman was honorably discharged in 1948 while his close friend Scott went on the following year to OCS ending his service with the rank of Colonel.

Acting
He originally intended to follow his father into the law and used the G.I. Bill to enroll in Los Angeles City College. He did a minor in drama. During his first year he "figured that law was a real bore" and began to develop ambitions to be an actor.

"I reached a point where I said, 'What are you going to do with your life? You got to get something going.'" he said. "I decided I wanted to spend most of my time on me. So I decided to develop me and educate me."

"My father wanted me to come into his law firm and dabble in real estate on the side," recalled Whitman. "There was a family row about boxing but nothing like the battle when I told my father I was going to be an actor. He said, 'If that's the case you're on your own.' No money from him. And he kept his word."

His father did sell Whitman a bulldozer which his son used to support himself in college. Whitman would hire it (and himself) out to others to clear lots, uproot trees and level off rugged terrain. This worked earned him up to $100 a day. He and his father later went into real estate development together, purchasing various lots in and around Los Angeles.

Whitman joined the Michael Chekhov Stage Society and studied with them at night for four years. He was considering a career in professional football but injured his leg at college, which put an end to that dream.

He joined the Ben Bard Drama School in Hollywood. He debuted in the school's production of Here Comes Mr Jordan which ran for six months.

Career
Whitman was spotted by a talent scout while at City College. He made his screen debut in a bit in When Worlds Collide (1951). He followed this with other small parts in films such as The Day the Earth Stood Still (1951), Barbed Wire (1952) and One Minute to Zero (1952).

In December 1952, he signed a contract with Universal, who put him in All I Desire and The All American (both 1953). He appeared on stage in Venus Observed by Christopher Fry for the Coast Theatre in 1954.

He had a decent role in Rhapsody (1954) at MGM then made Silver Lode (1954); Brigadoon (1954), back at MGM; Passion (1954); King of the Carnival (1955), a serial at Republic; Diane (1955); and Seven Men from Now (1956). His roles gradually grew in size - Crime of Passion (1957), Hell Bound (1957), War Drums (1957) and The Girl in Black Stockings (1957).

He had his first leading role with Johnny Trouble (1957) produced by John Carroll who had Whitman under contract for one film a year for seven years; the Los Angeles Times said he "reminds of both Robert Ryan and James Dean." He made China Doll (1958).He frequently appeared as police officer Sgt. Walters on the television series Highway Patrol.

One of his early roles came in 1957 in the syndicated military dramas, Harbor Command, a drama about the United States Coast Guard, and The Silent Service, based on true stories of the submarine service of the United States Navy. When Charlton Heston, who had originally been signed to play the lead in Darby's Rangers (1958) left the film, James Garner was given the lead and Whitman wound up with Garner's original role in the film.

By this time his side career as a real estate developer was thriving. He and his father developed hundreds of acres in such places as Anaheim, Benedict Canyon and Panorama City, often in partnership with his father. "Because of it I've never worked as an extra," he said in 1958. "I've never accepted a part that I wouldn't thought advance my career. I've never taken an acting job, in movies or TV, which paid less than $250 a week."

20th Century Fox
In the late 1950s, 20th Century Fox were on a drive to develop new talent. Head of production Buddy Adler said "We must bring young people back into film theatres and the best way is to develop young stars as a magnet. While stories have become more important than ever, we must seek our fresh, youthful talent to perform in them."

Whitman was one of a number new names signed to Fox by Adler as part of a $3–4 million star-building program.

Whitman's contract was for seven years. He later said he did this in order to get a choice small part in Ten North Frederick (1958) and "many good things came from that". Whitman followed it with These Thousand Hills (1958) for Fox, then got star billing at MGM in The Decks Ran Red (1958) where he shared an interracial kiss with Dorothy Dandridge. It was made by Andrew L. Stone who wanted Whitman to appear in The Last Voyage (1960) but Robert Stack played the role instead. He got another good role at Fox when he replaced Robert Wagner in The Sound and the Fury (1959), supporting Joanne Woodward and Yul Brynner.

In 1958, Hedda Hopper wrote a piece on Whitman which said he could be the "new Clark Gable":"This is a fresh personality with tremendous impact. He's tall and lean with shock of unruly black hair and dark hazel eyes which harden to slate grey when he plays a bad man or turns on the heat in a love scene. When he comes into camera range the audience sits up and says: 'Who dat?'"

Leading man
At Fox, Whitman graduated to leading man parts. He had an excellent role co-starring with Fabian Forte in Hound-Dog Man (1959), playing his "fourth heel in a row... I had a ball because the character was a real louse, everything hanging off him and no inhibitions. I like those kind of guys I suppose because I can't be that way myself."

He had a change of pace when he replaced Stephen Boyd as Boaz in a Biblical drama, The Story of Ruth (1960). He followed this with a gangster tale, Murder, Inc. (1960). "I've done lots of different parts since I left Hollywood High School and City College", said Whitman in a 1960 interview, "so the sudden switch didn't bother me too much. I hope 20th Century Fox will keep the roles varied and interesting."

The Los Angeles Times did a profile on Whitman around this time calling him "an actor of growing importance in a business, motion pictures, that needs stalwarts to follow in the steps of the Clark Gables, Gary Coopers and John Waynes... Whitman is like a finely trained athletic champion - a modest but self assured chap who seems to know where he is going."

The Mark
Nonetheless Whitman was frustrated with the sort of roles he was getting. "I had been knocking around and not getting anything to test my ability", he said. When Richard Burton turned down the role of a child molester in The Mark in order to do Camelot on stage, Whitman accepted. "I wanted to find out if I was in the right business." The film was shot in Ireland. Whitman's performance earned him his best ever reviews and an Oscar nomination for Best Actor. He said the film "doubled my rating as an actor". However he later said "I had a tough time breaking my image in that movie... it blocked my image as a gutsy outdoorsman."

Whitman starred along John Wayne in The Comancheros; a hit 1961 Western Deluxe CinemaScope color film directed by Michael Curtiz, based on a 1952 novel of the same name by Paul Wellman. The film starred John Wayne and Stuart Whitman. The supporting cast includes Ina Balin, Lee Marvin, Nehemiah Persoff, Bruce Cabot, Jack Elam, Patrick Wayne, and Edgar Buchanan. Also featured are western film veterans Bob Steele, Guinn "Big Boy" Williams and Harry Carey, Jr. in uncredited supporting roles. Whitman said in 1961, "I've had to battle and say what is an actor? It's a fellow who plays someone else. But now I realise it's the image that makes a star. John Wayne is a great example of a super actor. Gary Cooper is another one. My image? I think it's being free and easy and all man. I say to myself I want to become an actor, I want to lose myself in each role. But that's not the way to become an actor."

Whitman went to South Africa to make The Fiercest Heart (1961), then Italy to shoot the religious epic, Francis of Assisi (1961). Jerry Wald announced Whitman for The Hell Raisers, about the Boxer Rebellion but it was not made. He lobbied unsuccessfully to play the lead in Sanctuary (1961) and announced he would form his own production company to make Mandrake Route'' by Frederick Wakeman. In 1961 he said his bulldozer had "developed into quite a sideline. I'm sure I still wouldn't be in the picture business without it."

None of Whitman's films for Fox had been a particular success at the box office. However, he co-starred alongside John Wayne in The Comancheros (1961), which was a hit. After Convicts 4, Whitman had a cameo (playing against Wayne) in the all-star The Longest Day (1962).

By early 1962, Whitman had earned his Oscar nomination and was in much demand - there was talk he might do Mandrake Root, The Victors (1963) or a film with Marilyn Monroe or one with Lewis Milestone.

Instead he played an American pilot in a French film, The Day and the Hour (1963), shot in Paris with Rene Clement. He enjoyed the experience saying "I busted through at last and can now get an honest emotion, project it and make it real. You become egocentric when you involve yourself to such an extent in your role; your next problem is in learning how to turn it off and come home and live with society. It took a lot of time and energy to break through so I could honestly feel and I"m reluctant to turn it off. Now I know why so many actors go to psychiatrists."

There was talk he might get the lead in Cardinal (1963) and he lobbied to play Jimmy Hoffa in an adaptation of The Enemy Within by Robert F. Kennedy but lost the first to Tom Tryon and the latter was not made. He adjusted his contract with Fox to make it for one film a year for five years.

After several months off, he announced plans to produce his own film, My Brother's Keeper, based on a novel about the Collyer brothers. Instead, he made a film for Fox, Shock Treatment (1964) and British thriller Signpost to Murder then. He appeared in a television play written by Rod Serling, "A Killer at Sundial".

After a Western, Rio Conchos (1964), he had the lead in Those Magnificent Men in Their Flying Machines (1965), which was a massive hit. He replaced George Peppard in Sands of the Kalahari (1965). It was not popular at the box office; neither was An American Dream (1966), from a novel by Norman Mailer. He played a stuntman for television in "The Highest Fall of All" for The Bob Hope Theatre (1965).

According to John Gregory Dunne's The Studio, Whitman was suggested for the title role in The Boston Strangler by John Bottomly, the Massachusets assistant attorney general who prosecuted Albert DeSalvo. Instead, the role went to Tony Curtis.

Cimarron Strip
Whitman had turned down a number of offers to star on television series over the years, including Mannix and Judd for the Defence. "I wanted more diversity in acting," he said. I felt it would limit myself."

He changed his mind when offered the role of US Marshal Jim Crown in Cimarron Strip (1967). At $350,000-$400,000 per episode, it was the most expensive drama series made til that time. "A lot of big people told me I was the number one man the networks wanted," said Whitman. The series was produced by Whitman's own company. "I always wanted to play a cop with a heart, a guy who would use every possible means not to kill a man," he said. "TV has needed a superhero... and I think Crown can be the guy." However, the series only lasted one season.

1970s
Whitman admitted, "I'm the type who must work constantly." He appeared in such films as The City Beneath the Sea (1971), The Last Escape (1970) and The Invincible Six (1970). In the early 1970s, he worked increasingly in Europe. "I left Hollywood because it was getting to be a mad mess!" he said "There are only about two really good scripts going around and they always go to the industry’s two top stars. I thought that in Europe, something better might come my way—and it did! I’ve made mistakes in the past, but I kept bouncing back. I always thought that an actor is destined to act, but I now realize that if you do one role well, you get stuck with it!"

The quality of his films did not increase however: Captain Apache (1971), Revenge (1971), Run, Cougar, Run (1972), The Woman Hunter (1972), Night of the Lepus (1972) (about killer rabbits), The Man Who Died Twice (1973), Welcome to Arrow Beach (1974), Crazy Mama (1975), Shatter (1976), Strange Shadows in an Empty Room (1976), Ruby (1977), The White Buffalo (1977), Eaten Alive (1977), Run for the Roses (1977) and Treasure Seekers (1979). He played a character based on Jim Jones in Guyana: Crime of the Century (1979).

Whitman's private fortune continued to grow on a combination of his property developments and acting income. "I didn’t need to act to make a living, but had a real passion for it – I just loved to act," said Whitman.

1980s
The quality of Whitman's credits did not improve during the 1980s, which included roles in Cuba Crossing and The Monster Club (both 1980). In November 1981, he played Frank Elgin in a Los Angeles stage revival of The Country Girl by Clifford Odets. His film roles were less distinguished: Butterfly (1982), Deadly Intruder (1985), Omega Cop (1990), Mob Boss (1990), Improper Conduct (1995), Second Chances (1998) and The President's Man (2000).

For television, he appeared in episodes of Dr. Christian, Zane Grey Theatre, The Roy Rogers Show, Death Valley Days, Time Trax, Superboy (playing Jonathan Kent), Murder, She Wrote (four different episodes over the years), Hotel, Hardcastle and McCormick, Tales from the Darkside, Fantasy Island, The A-Team, Simon & Simon, Most Wanted, Quincy, M.E., Harry O, Ellery Queen, SWAT, The FBI, Night Gallery, Cannon, Hec Ramsey, Ghost Story (1973), Police Story, The Streets of San Francisco (1972), Mr. Adams and Eve, Have Gun - Will Travel, Knots Landing and Walker, Texas Ranger.

Awards

 * Nominated Best Actor Academy Award, The Mark (1961)
 * Winner (Cast Member) Western Heritage Awards, The Comancheros (1961)

Personal life
His first marriage, to Patricia LaLonde (October 13, 1952 – 1966), ended in divorce. They had four children: Tony (born 1953), Michael (born 1954), Linda (born 1956) and Scott (born 1958).

Stuart remarried, to French-born Caroline Boubis (1966–74). They had one son together, Justin, before divorcing in 1974. In 2006, he wed Julia Vadimovna Paradiz, a Russian woman he met at a friend's wedding in St. Petersburg, Russia.

Selected TV and filmography

 * The Day the Earth Stood Still (1951) as Sentry (uncredited)
 * When Worlds Collide (1951) as Man by Bank During Instigation (uncredited)
 * Barbed Wire (1952) as Cattle-Buyer (uncredited)
 * One Minute to Zero (1952) as Officer (uncredited)
 * All I Desire (1953) as Dick in Play (uncredited)
 * The Man from the Alamo (1953) as Orderly (uncredited)
 * All American (1953) as Zip Parker
 * The Veils of Bagdad (1953) as Sergeant (uncredited)
 * Appointment in Honduras (1953) as Telegrapher (uncredited)
 * Walking My Baby Back Home (1953) as Patient (uncredited)
 * Rhapsody (1954) as Dove
 * Prisoner of War (1954) as Captain (uncredited)
 * Silver Lode (1954) as Wicker
 * Return from the Sea (1954) as New j.g. (uncredited)
 * Brigadoon (1954) as New York Club Patron (uncredited)
 * Passion (1954) as Vaquero Bernal (uncredited)
 * Interrupted Melody (1955) as Man on Beach (uncredited)
 * The Magnificent Matador (1955) as Man at the Arena (uncredited)
 * King of the Carnival (1955) as Mac, the Acrobat [Ch.1]
 * Diane (1956) as Henri's Squire (uncredited)
 * Seven Men from Now (1956) as Cavalry Lt. Collins
 * Hold Back the Night (1956) as Radio Operator (uncredited)
 * Crime of Passion (1957) as Laboratory Technician
 * War Drums (1957) as Johnny Smith (uncredited)
 * The Girl in Black Stockings (1957) as Prentiss
 * Johnny Trouble (1957) as Johnny Chandler
 * Hell Bound (1957) as Eddie Mason
 * Bombers B-52 (1957) as Maj. Sam Weisberg (uncredited)
 * Have Gun - Will Travel (1/25/1958) Season 1, Episode 20, "The Last Laugh" - Gil Borden
 * Darby's Rangers (1958) as Sgt. / SSgt. / Sfc. Hank Bishop
 * Ten North Frederick (1958) as Charley Bongiorno
 * China Doll (1958) as Lt. Dan O'Neill
 * The Decks Ran Red (1958) as Leroy Martin
 * The Sound and the Fury (1959) as Charlie Busch
 * These Thousand Hills (1959) as Tom Ping
 * Hound-Dog Man (1959) as Blackie Scantling
 * The Story of Ruth (1960) as Boaz
 * Murder, Inc. (1960) as Joey Collins
 * The Fiercest Heart (1961) as Steve Bates
 * The Mark (1961) as Jim Fuller
 * Francis of Assisi (1961) as Count Paolo of Vandria
 * The Comancheros (1961) as Paul Regret
 * Convicts 4 (1962) as Principal Keeper
 * The Longest Day (1962) as Lt. Sheen
 * The Day and the Hour (1963) as Capt. Allan Morley
 * Shock Treatment (1964) as Dale Nelson / Arthur
 * Rio Conchos (1964) as Captain Haven
 * Signpost to Murder (1964) as Alex Forrester
 * Those Magnificent Men in their Flying Machines (1965) as Orvil Newton
 * Sands of the Kalahari (1965) as Brian O'Brien
 * An American Dream (1966) as Stephen Richard Rojack
 * Cimarron Strip (TV series) (1967–1968) as Marshal Jim Crown
 * The Last Escape (1970) as Lee Mitchell
 * The Invincible Six (1970) as Tex
 * Ternos Caçadores (1970) as The Prisoner
 * The F.B.I. (TV series) (1970–1973) as Rex Benning / Damian Howards / Wesley Ziegler
 * City Beneath the Sea (1971) as Admiral Matthews
 * Captain Apache (1971) as Griffin
 * Night of the Lepus (1972) as Roy Bennett
 * The Woman Hunter (TV movie) (1972) as Paul Carter
 * Night Gallery (TV series appearance) (1972) as Tom Ogilvy / Capt. Hendrick Lindemann (segment "Lindemann's Catch")
 * Run, Cougar, Run (1972) as Hugh McRae
 * The Streets of San Francisco (episode: "The Set-Up") (1973) as Nick Carl
 * Shatter (1974) as Shatter
 * Welcome to Arrow Beach (1974) as Deputy Rakes
 * Crazy Mama (1975) as Jim Bob
 * Las Vegas Lady (1975) as Vic
 * Mean Johnny Barrows (1976) as Mario Racconi
 * Strange Shadows in an Empty Room (1976) as Capt. Tony Saitta
 * Eaten Alive (1976) as Sheriff Martin
 * Oil! (1977) as John Carter
 * Assault in Paradise (1977) as William Whitaker
 * The White Buffalo (1977) as Winifred Coxy
 * Run for the Roses (1977) as Charlie
 * Ruby (1977) as Vince Kemper
 * La mujer de la tierra caliente (1978) as The Man
 * The Pirate (TV miniseries) (1978) as Terry Sullivan
 * The Seekers (TV miniseries) (1979) as Rev. Blackthorn
 * The Treasure Seekers (1979) as Stack Baker
 * Guyana: Crime of the Century (1979) as Reverend James Johnson
 * Delta Fox (1979) as The Counselor
 * Cuba Crossing (1980) as Tony
 * Condominium (TV miniseries) (1980) as Marty Liss
 * Under Siege (1980) as The Inspector
 * Demonoid (1981) as Father Cunningham
 * The Monster Club (1981) as Sam - Movie Director
 * Tales of the Unexpected (1981) as Sam Jenner
 * When I Am King (1981) as Smithy
 * Magnum Thrust (1981)
 * Butterfly (1982) as Rev. Rivers
 * Horror Safari (1982) as Mark Forrest
 * Simon & Simon (1982) (TV series appearance)
 * Treasure of the Amazon (1985) as Gringo
 * First Strike (1985) as Capt. Welch
 * Murder, She Wrote (1984-1986) as Charles Woodley / Mr. Bonner
 * Vultures (1987) as Carlos 'Carl' Garcia
 * Once Upon a Texas Train (1988) as George Asque
 * Deadly Intruder (1988) as Capt. Pritchett
 * Moving Target (1988) as Joe Frank
 * Deadly Reactor (1989) as Duke
 * The Color of Evening (1990) as George Larson
 * Omega Cop (1990) as Dr. Latimer
 * Mob Boss (1990) as Don Francisco
 * Heaven and Earth (1990) as Narrator (English version) (voice)
 * Smoothtalker (1990) as Lt. Gallagher
 * Sandman (1993) as Isaac Tensor
 * Lightning in a Bottle (1993) as Jonah Otterman
 * Trial by Jury (1994) as Emmett, Valerie's Father
 * Improper Conduct (1994) as Frost
 * Walker Texas Ranger 3: Deadly Reunion (1994) as Laredo Jake Boyd
 * Land of Milk & Honey (1996) as Robert Riselli
 * Second Chances (1998) as Buddy
 * The President's Man (2000) as George Williams