Maurice Evans (actor)

Maurice Herbert Evans (3 June 1901 – 12 March 1989) was an English-born British-American actor of Welsh descent, noted for his interpretations of Shakespearean characters. His best-known screen roles are probably Dr. Zaius in Planet of the Apes and as Samantha Stephens' father Maurice in Bewitched.

Early years
Evans was born at 28 Icen Way (where there is now a memorial plaque, unveiled in 2013 by Tegen Evans, his great-great niece) in Dorchester, Dorset to Laura (Turner) and Alfred Herbert Evans, a dispensing chemist and keen amateur actor who made adaptations of novels by Thomas Hardy for the local amateur company. Hardy lived in Dorchester and thought highly of Evans's adaptations and productions. Young Maurice made his first stage appearance as a small boy in Far from the Madding Crowd. He first appeared on the stage in 1926 at the Cambridge Festival Theatre and joined the Old Vic Company in 1934, playing Hamlet, Richard II and Iago. He was selected by Terence Gray to appear in the opening production in November 1926 at the Festival Theatre, taking the part of Orestes in two parts of the sensational production of the Oresteia of Aeschylus. This was followed by Lord Belvoir in The Man Who Ate the Popomack by W.J. Turner, and Saint Anthony in Maeterlinck's The Miracle of Saint Anthony.

In 1927 Evans played a poet in The Pleasure Garden by Beatrice Mayor followed by Young Man in On Baile's Strand by W. B. Yeats, Midir in The Immortal Hour by Fiona Macleod, the Hon. Algernon Moodie in The Rumour by C.K. Munro, Mark Ingestire in Sweeney Todd by Dibdin Pitt, the poet in The Lost Silk Hat by Lord Dunsany, the Captain in Androcles and the Lion by George Bernard Shaw, Mister Four and Young Man in The Adding Machine by Elmer Rice, Don Juan in the play of the same title by James Elroy Flecker, two parts in Terence Gray's own play The Red Nights of the Tcheka, the Stage Manager in The Player Queen, also by W. B. Yeats, the Second Engineer in The Insect Play by the Čapek brothers, Prince Kamose in another Gray play called And in the Tomb and finally in June 1927 Don Pelegari in Pirandello's Each In His Own Way. Both Yeats and Shaw attended performances of their own plays.

Career
In 1927, he was one of a group of out-of-work actors including Laurence Olivier, chosen to perform in a "tryout" of R. C. Sherriff's Journey's End directed by James Whale at the Apollo Theatre in London, and later in 1929 at the Savoy Theatre which had been leased by the Chicago theatre manager Maurice Browne. It was a huge success, running for two years and making Maurice's name. He played the young officer Raleigh, who dies at the end of the play. In 1934, he went to the Old Vic Theatre where his interpretation of Shakespeare's "Richard II" was highly praised. It was as a result of this that he was invited to join Katharine Cornell in the U.S. His first appearance on Broadway was in Romeo and Juliet opposite Katharine Cornell in 1936, but he made his biggest impact in Shakespeare's Richard II, a production whose unexpected success was the surprise of the 1937, theatre season and allowed Evans to play Hamlet (1938) (the first time that the play was performed uncut on the New York stage), Falstaff in Henry IV, Part 1 (1939), Macbeth (1941) and Malvolio in Twelfth Night (1942) opposite the Viola of Helen Hayes, all under the direction of Margaret Webster. He also starred opposite Cornell in the 1935 production of George Bernard Shaw's St. Joan.



When the U.S. entered the Second World War, he enlisted in the United States Army and he later was in charge of an Army Entertainment Section in the Central Pacific and played his famous "G.I. version" of Hamlet that cut the text of the play to make the title character more appealing to the troops, an interpretation so popular that he later took it to Broadway in 1945. Evans rose to the rank of Major by the end of the war. He then shifted his attention to the works of Shaw, notably as John Tanner in Man and Superman and as King Magnus in The Apple Cart. In 1952, he starred as the murderous husband in the original stage-play version of Dial M for Murder. He was also a successful Broadway producer of productions in which he did not appear, notably The Teahouse of the August Moon. In 1956, Evans recorded an LP of stories from Winnie-the-Pooh. American television audiences of the 1960s will remember Evans as Samantha's father, Maurice, on the sitcom Bewitched. His real-life insistence that his first name was pronounced the same as the name "Morris" was ironically at odds with his Bewitched character's contrasting stance that it be pronounced "Maw-REESE". Evans also appeared in the fourth season of Daniel Boone starring Fess Parker playing a French impresario "Beaumarchais." He also played "The Puzzler" on Batman in a double episode storyline (which was common for that series) in December 1966. Continuing his American TV appearances, he guest starred in The Big Valley from the latter part of the fourth and final season of that western series in April 1969, an episode entitled "Danger Road".

Evans had great impact onscreen as well. He played a diabolical villain in 1951's Kind Lady, co-starring Ethel Barrymore and Angela Lansbury. Evans appeared memorably in two 1968 films: as the evolved orangutan, Dr. Zaius in Planet of the Apes (and the 1970 sequel Beneath the Planet of the Apes) and as the doomed "Hutch", who attempts to warn his friend, the title character, Rosemary Woodhouse, in the thriller Rosemary's Baby, of the true Satanic nature of her neighbours, Roman and Minnie Castavet (played by Sidney Blackmer and Ruth Gordon). Evans appeared in more American television productions of Shakespeare than any other actor. Beginning in 1953, for the famous television anthology, Hallmark Hall of Fame, he starred in the first feature-length (i.e., longer than an hour) dramatisations of the plays to ever be presented on American television. They were:
 * Hamlet
 * Macbeth (twice – both times appearing with Judith Anderson who won an Emmy for both of her television performances as Lady Macbeth,. Evans won an Emmy Award for the latter, 1960 production. The earlier, a live telecast, was in 1954)
 * Richard II
 * Twelfth Night (as Malvolio)
 * The Taming of the Shrew (as Petruchio, opposite Lilli Palmer as Katherine)
 * The Tempest (as Prospero). This last featured an all-star cast that included Lee Remick as Miranda, Roddy McDowall as Ariel and Richard Burton as Caliban.

In bringing so much Shakespeare to American television in such a short span of time (between 1953 and 1960), he was a true pioneer. This had never been tried before – at least, not in the U.S. Evans firmly believed that it was an actor's job to "lead public taste, not to play to public taste". Evans also brought his Shakespeare productions to Broadway many times, playing Hamlet on the Great White Way in four separate productions for a record grand total of 283 performances. He and Judith Anderson also starred on Broadway several times in Macbeth. Their portrayals were once regarded as the definitive portrayals of these characters, although one dissenter was Orson Welles, who in Peter Bogdanovich's book This Is Orson Welles, said that Evans, as an actor was "worse than bad – he was poor". (Welles himself starred in and directed a film version of Macbeth, a version which was a critical and financial disaster in its day, but is now highly regarded.)

Not only did Evans appear on Broadway as Hamlet four times, but the productions of the play that he appeared in were consecutive revivals of it – no other actor played Hamlet on Broadway between 1938, when Evans first played him there, and 1946, which marked Evans's last Broadway Hamlet. He is very likely the only actor to have accomplished this, so far.

Personal life
Although he had taken U.S. citizenship, by the end of the 1960s, Evans returned to Britain. Aside from an infrequent trip to the United States and occasional visits to retired actors in financial need (as a representative of the Actors' Fund, of which he was a longtime trustee), he lived quietly near Brighton. He never married, and was survived by a brother, Hugh, of London.

Publication

 * All This and Evans Too, memoir, University of South Carolina Press 1987, ISBN 978-0872494961

Death
Evans died of heart failure as a result of a bronchial infection, aged 87 in Rottingdean, East Sussex, England.

Partial filmography

 * White Cargo (1929) - Langford
 * Raise the Roof (1930) - Rodney Langford
 * Should a Doctor Tell? (1930) - Roger Smith
 * Wedding Rehearsal (1932) - George Thompson aka Tootles
 * Marry Me (1932) - Paul Hart
 * The Path of Glory (1934) - Anton Maroni
 * The Only Girl (1934) - Didier
 * Bypass to Happiness (1934) - Robin
 * Checkmate (1935) - Phillip Allen
 * Scrooge (1935) - Poor man
 * Kind Lady (1951) - Henry Springer Elcott
 * Androcles and the Lion (1952) - Emperor Antoninus (Caesar)
 * The Story of Gilbert and Sullivan (1953) - Arthur Sullivan
 * The War Lord (1965) - Priest
 * One of Our Spies Is Missing (1966) - Sir Norman Swickert
 * Traitors of San Angel (1967) - James Keefe
 * Jack of Diamonds (1967) - Nicolai Vodkine
 * Planet of the Apes (1968) - Dr. Zaius
 * Rosemary's Baby (1968) - Hutch
 * The Body Stealers (1969) - Dr. Matthews
 * Operation Heartbeat (1969)
 * Beneath the Planet of the Apes (1970) - Dr. Zaius
 * Terror in the Wax Museum (1973) - Inspector Daniels
 * Columbo: Forgotten Lady (1975) - Raymond
 * The Jerk (1979) - Hobart