George Mouat Keith

George Mouat Keith (1764-1832 ) was an officer of the Royal Navy during the Napoleonic Wars. He was of Scottish descent.

Family and early life
George Keith was born in 1764, the son of John Mouat Keith (1729–1788), and his wife Margaret, the daughter of William Chalmers (1695-1770), twice Provost of Aberdeen in 1738–1739 & 1746–1747. John Keith claimed to be a baronet, and after his death, his son maintained the claim, using the style of a baronet. No evidence to support the claim to a baronetcy has been found however. The family traced its lineage back to Patrick Mowat of Loscragy, who received the charter of Loscragy and Culpedauchis from Robert the Bruce in 1309, and was thus the first laird of Balquholly. George Keith was commissioned as a lieutenant on 12 August 1801. He was in command of HMS Boxer (1797) from 27 September 1804 to 5 June 1805, taking command of HMS Protector (1805) and remained with her until 8 March 1806. Keith was present at the capture of the Cape of Good Hope in 1806. While at the Cape, Keith and Protector captured a Dutch East Indiaman (the former James Sibbald, and her cargo of cochineal, ivory, indigo, etc., supposedly worth £300,000.

North Sea commands
In 1808 Keith transferred to HMS Redbreast (1805), another gun-brig, on the North Sea station. On 9 and 11 August 1808 Keith was instrumental in rescuing 'the Spaniards' from the Danish privateer Mosin and two Danish Navy ships in the rivers Jahl and Weser, without casualties on either side. The captured privateer and Danish gunboat 206 were subsequently sold. On 16 May 1809 Redbreast was credited with the capture of Anna Sophia, Grisstadt and Wannerne, and on the following 24 July Twee Gesetsters, with those 'actually on board' being promised a bounty, according to Act of Parliament.

In 1811 Keith was involved in a skirmish in the Jahde - "On the 1st of August, as a squadron, consisting of the 32-gun frigate Quebec, Captain Charles Sibthorpe Hawtayne, 16-gun brig Raven, Commander George G. Lennock, gun-brigs Exertion and Redbreast, Lieutenants James Murray and Sir George M. Keith, baronet, and hired cutters Alert and Princess Augusta, were cruising off Texel, information of some Danish gun-brigs was received, which induced Captain Hawtayne to despatch ten boats from the squadron, under the command of Lieutenant Samuel Blyth, containing 117 seamen and marines, to cut them out." The squadron received intelligence from earlier captures of four Danish gun brigs lying at anchor at the island of Nordeney and Hawtayne sent in a cutting-out party of 10 boats. Each of the Danish vessels had a crew of 25 men.

In 1813 and 1814 Keith took part on the sieges of Cuxhaven and Gluckstadt (then in the hands of the French). "To Lieutenants Kneeshaw and Sir George Keith every praise is due, for their able support during the bombardment." Keith was presented with a gold medal by the Swedish Government. On 16 March 1814 Sir George transferred to HMS Variable (1808) on promotion to the rank of commander. No subsequent command is recorded. Variable appears to have been a schooner that had been purchased in Jamaica some years before and went out of service during 1814. The name was given to another schooner taken from the Americans in 1814, but not until later in the year.

On 21 January 1815 Keith was noted in the Journals of the House of Commons as having been paid £21/1s/0d for carrying the Aide-de-Camp of the King of Prussia to Dover, and the Chancellor General to the Emperor of Russia to Ostend aboard the Redbreast.

Legal action
In 1810 Keith was the defendant in an action brought by one Arthur Nicolson (a direct descendent of Bishop Nicolson of Dunkeld ) over the ownership of the Shetland isle of Papa Stour (then known as Pappa's Tower). Mr Nicolson, of Bullister and Lochend, was a merchant in Lerwick who purchased a large amount of landed property, including the Island of Papa Stour, which he acquired from John Scott of Scottshall on 16 May 1716. Mr Nicolson claimed possession of the island, and other lands, these having originally been 'acquired from the family of Mowat Keith' and by right of seisin in 1739. The root of the issue appears to be the renunciation of the lands by Keith's father, John Mowat Keith, as a result of debts to John Scott. Keith lost the case on the grounds that Mr Nicolson was effectively a 'sitting tenant'.

Later life
In 1819 he published A Voyage to South America and the Cape of Good Hope in His Majesty's Brig Protector. Among its subscribers were including HRH The Duke of Clarence, HRH The Duke of Kent, The Right Honourable Lord Viscount Keith (no known relation), HRH The Duke of Sussex and assorted Lords, Ladies, MPs. The book was dedicated to the Right Honourable Lord Viscount Melville of the Admiralty, who was also listed as a subscriber. Keith was himself a subscriber to "A Geological Survey of the Yorkshire Coast".

In June 1820 Keith visited Her Majesty Queen Caroline of Brunswick, the Queen consort of King George IV of the United Kingdom. He also had a miniature portrait by the "well-known Jewish miniaturist painter, Solomon Polack, a friend of William Makepeace Thackeray", a Flemish artist of 6, Artillery Lane, Bishopsgate Street, London, which was displayed at the Royal Academy of Arts.

Family and death
Keith married Catherine "Kitty" Howard, who was 14 years old at the time, on 1 May 1793 in Calcutta, India. They had at least one daughter, Margaret Rebecca Mouat Keith, who married John Frederick Ellerton of the East India Company on 9 August 1816 in Calcutta. George Keith died in Mantes, France (his death being reported in the Times) having lived in Evreux, France. Probate of the "Will of Sir George Mouat Keith, Commander in His Britannic Majesty's Navy of Evreux, Normandy, France" did not occur until 5 January 1852, some 30 years after his death. Keith was reported to be a Christian who held services for his crews.

The Gentleman’s Magazine for 1823 reported that George Mouat-Keith, only son of Sir George Keith, bart., RN, had died on 14 March of 'the African fever', at Sierra Leone, aged 18. In 1824 the Times reported the birth of a granddaughter, Elizabeth Mary Ellerton, at Keith’s house in Camberwell.