Fabian von Schlabrendorff

Fabian Ludwig Georg Adolf Kurt von Schlabrendorff (1 July 1907 – 3 September 1980), was a German jurist, soldier, and member of the resistance against Adolf Hitler.

Biography
He was the son of Carl Ludwig Ewald von Schlabrendorff (Berlin, 5 April 1854 – Detmold, 4 February 1923) and wife Ida Freiin von Stockmar (Buch, 27 September 1874 – 26 March 1944), a great-great-granddaughter of William I, Elector of Hesse by his mistress Rosa Dorothea Ritter.

He was trained as a lawyer, later joining the German Army. As a lieutenant in the reserves, he was promoted to adjutant to Colonel Henning von Tresckow, a major leader in the resistance against Adolf Hitler.

Attempts to kill Hitler
He joined the resistance and acted as a secret liaison between Tresckow in Russia and Ludwig Beck, Carl Goerdeler, Hans Oster, and Friedrich Olbricht in Berlin, taking part in various coup d'état plans and plots.

On 13 March 1943, during a visit by Adolf Hitler to Army Group Center Headquarters in Smolensk, Schlabrendorff smuggled a time bomb, disguised as bottles of cognac, onto the aircraft which carried Hitler back to Germany. The bomb detonator failed to go off, however, most likely because of the cold in the aircraft luggage compartment. Schlabrendorff managed to retrieve the bomb the next day and elude detection.

Schlabrendorff was arrested on 20 July 1944, following the failure of the July 20th plot. He was sent to Gestapo prison where he was tortured, but refused to talk. While imprisoned he met fellow imprisoned co-conspirators Wilhelm Canaris, Hans Oster, Ulrich von Hassell, Johannes Popitz, Carl Goerdeler, Josef Mueller, and Alexander von Falkenhausen.

In February 1945, Schlabrendorff was brought before the infamous Nazi People's Court (Volksgerichtshof). But, while awaiting his trial, the courtroom took a direct hit from a bomb during an American air raid led by Lt. Col. Robert Rosenthal. The bomb killed Judge-President Roland Freisler, who was crushed by a beam and killed, still clutching Schlabrendorff's file.

Nevertheless, between February and May 1945, Schlabrendorff was moved from one concentration camp to another: Sachsenhausen, Flossenbürg, Dachau, Innsbruck. In late April 1945 he was transferred to Tyrol together with about 140 other prominent inmates of the Dachau concentration camp, where the SS-Guards fled after being confronted by a regular German Wehrmacht unit led by Wichard von Alvensleben. He was eventually liberated by the Fifth U.S. Army on 5 May 1945.

Post war
After the war, Schlabrendorff was admitted to the Protestant Order of Saint John (Bailiwick of Brandenburg), in which he served as Captain of the Order (legal counsellor to the Herrenmeister, head of the Order) from 1957 to 1964.

From 1967 to 1975, he was a judge of the Constitutional Court of West Germany, the country's highest tribunal. Schlabrendorff died in 1980.

Family
He married Luitgarde von Bismarck, born at Frankenstein in Silesia (now Ząbkowice Śląskie, Poland) on 12 May 1914, and had the following children:
 * Herzeleide ... von Schlabrendorff (born Berlin, 28 February 1940), married to Andreas Stökl (b. Hamburg, 15 June 1939 – 2 May 2006), four children
 * Dieprand Ludwig Carl Hans-Otto von Schlabrendorff (born Stettin, 18 May 1941), married to Eva von Polenz (born Karlsruhe, 10 June 1950), one child
 * Jürgen-Lewin Hans von Schlabrendorff (born Lasbeck, 3 February 1943), married to Beate Everth (born Meldorf, 6 November 1946), and had:
 * Carl-Ludwig Fabian Gustave von Schlabrendorff (born New York City, New York County, New York, 8 April 1974)
 * Moritz Ferdinand Berndt von Schlabrendorff (born Tokyo, 30 November 1976)
 * Fabian Gotthard Herbert von Schlabrendorff (born Berlin, 23 December 1944), married to María de la Cruz Caballero y Palomero (b. Plasencia, 20 December 1954), two children
 * Maria ... von Schlabrendorff (born Buch am Forst, 12 November 1948), married to Christian Eick (born Baden-Baden, 7 July 1947), three children
 * Carl Joachim Henning von Schlabrendorff (born Wiesbaden, 18 September 1950), married with two children.

Quote
"To prevent this success of Hitler in all circumstances and by all means, even at the expense of a heavy defeat of the Third Reich, was our most urgent task. (Diesen Erfolg Hitlers unter allen Umständen und mit allen Mitteln zu verhindern, auch auf Kosten einer schweren Niederlage des Dritten Reiches, war unsere dringlichste Aufgabe.)" - from his book, Offiziere gegen Hitler (Officers Against Hitler), Zurich: Europa-Verlag, 1946, p. 38.

Books

 * Schlabrendorff, Fabian von "Offiziere gegen Hitler", Fischer Bücherrei, FRG(BRD) 1959
 * Schlabrendorff, Fabian von, Hilda Simon. The Secret War Against Hitler (Der Widerstand : Dissent and Resistance in the Third Reich), Westview Press, September, 1994. ISBN 0-8133-2190-5 (English version of the 1959 book – possibly expanded?)
 * Roger Moorhouse, Killing Hitler, Jonathan Cape, 2006. ISBN 0-224-07121-1
 * Roger Manvell, The Conspirators: 20 July 1944, Pan Macmillan, 1972. ISBN 0-345-09729-7