Mere Gook Rule

The "Mere Gook Rule" (MGR) was a controversial name that some U.S. soldiers in Vietnam had for what they claim to have been an unofficial policy in which soldiers would not be prosecuted (or very leniently punished if prosecuted) for killing or harming Vietnamese civilians, even if the victims turned out to have no connection to the Viet Cong or to the North Vietnamese Army. The supposed rationale for the MGR was that U.S. soldiers had a very difficult time determining which Vietnamese people were civilians and which were enemies. To the extent that soldiers believed the MGR existed, it effectively gave them permission to err on the side of killing suspected Vietnamese enemies even if there was a very good chance that they were civilians. Some authors have argued that the MGR helped create a climate in which the United States committed many war crimes in Vietnam.

The very existence of the MGR is controversial. Some authors deny that case evidence from courts-martial in Vietnam support the existence of any MGR. Others argue that it created a racist climate in which women could be raped and even children could be killed as long as they were "mere gooks". For example, Nick Turse argues that policies like the MGR allowed Sergeant Roy E. Bumgarner (known as "the bummer") to amass a body count of over 1,500 Vietnamese (many of them civilians) over his seven years in Vietnam. In 1969, Bumgarner was apparently convicted of the premeditated killing of four Vietnamese civilians and of covering it up after the fact, but he was given only a six month loss in pay, and was later reinstated for another tour of duty.