World War II

The Second World War (World War II or WWII) was a global military conflict, which arose as a result of Germany's invasion of Poland in 1939, and later merged with the Second Sino-Japanese War which began in 1937.

The conflict split the majority of the world's countries into two opposing alliances: the Allies (Great Britain, France, Soviet Union, United States) and the Axis powers (Germany, Italy, Japan).

It involved the mobilization of over 100 million military personnel, making it the most widespread war in history, and placed the participants in a state of "total war", erasing the distinction between civil and military resources.

The result of the war was a victory for the Allies, with the United States and Soviet Union emerging as the new world superpowers, which set the stage for the Cold War. African countries moved faster towards decolonalisation, and Europe headed for more cooperation and integration. However, it was the European participants that were forced to recover from the worst effects of the war, with severely depleted populations, resources (military and civil) and ruined cities from bombing raids.

Over 60 million people were killed, mostly civilians, making WWII the deadliest conflict in human history. The financial cost of the war is estimated at about a trillion 1944 U.S. dollars worldwide, making it the most costly war. The United Nations was established to prevent another war such as this.

Technology
Like the First World War, one of the results of WWII was the massive enhancement in military technology. Air warfare became very important for the first time, with military leaders opting for mass arial bombing rather than slow, dangerous trench battles. Tanks became fast and light, to be efficient in mechanised battles rather than trench warfare. The United States also created the first amphibious vehicles in 1941. The first military helicopters came into operation during WWII.

In the Sea, Aircraft Carriers became the most important vessel in a fleet. High-tech Submarines came into use, destroying vital shipping links and prompting a range of anti-submarine defences such as SONAR.

Weapons developed during the war included Rocket Propelled Grenades (RPGs), the first Cruise Missile, a wide range of air bombs, Napalm and plastic explosives such as C2. Handheld weapons increased in variety, reliability and accuraccy, including the first Assault Rifles. The most destructive creations were the first Atomic Bombs.

Technology for communications and intelligence rose to increased significance, with the development of Radar, SONAR, encryption technology (such as the Enigma machines) and the Magnetron (now used in microwave ovens) all coming to prominence. However, the war slowed down the development of nonessential technology such as radio and television.

One of the most dramatic single medical advance was probably the wide spread use of penicillin to treat wounds and bacterial diseases.

Cronology
1939:

Day 1: Ends the Spanish Civil War. Day 7: Albania is invaded by the Italians.

Day 22: The Pact of Steel between Germany and Italy, is signed.

Day 23: Germany and USSR sign a non-aggression pact - the Molotov-Ribbentrop pact. Day 24: Roosevelt and Pope Pius XII made an appeal for peace in Europe. Day 25: Britain and Poland sign a pact of mutual military cooperation.

Day 1: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=28&guerra=2 Germany invades Poland. At exactly 4:34 in the morning three Stukas violate the airspace in Polish attack mission, starting the Second World War. ] Day 3: England, France, Australia, India and New Zealand declare war on Germany. Day 5: The Germans cross the Vistula. The United States declares its neutrality. Day 10: Canada declares War over Germany. Day 13: The French Prime Minister, Daladier, performs the first war cabinet. Day 17: The Soviet Union invaded the eastern frontier of Poland. Day 18: The Soviets captured the city of Vilnyus. Day 22: Threatened by the West German and Soviet Aleste, the city of Lvov surrenders. Day 27: Warsaw - Poland's capital - is taken, the Polish government capitulates. Day 28: The fortress of Motlin capitulates. Ribbentrop and Molotov meet to decide the partition of Poland.

Day 6: Hitler sends a peace plan to Chamberlain. The British prime minister refuses. Day 14: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=373&guerra=2 The German submarine U47 sinks the battleship Royal Oak inside the naval base at Scapa Flow. ] Day 17: French withdrawal from the Moselle.

Day 4: U.S. approves specific legislation on loan from European allies to obtain military equipment. Day 7: U.S. declare the waters around England and France as a war zone, banning the movement of U.S. ships. Day 8: Assassination attempt against Hitler in Munich braükeller-Bürger. Day 30: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=34&guerra=2 USSR invades Finland. ]

Day 13: Battle of the River Plate: the battleship-of-pocket German Admiral Graf Spee, faces 3 British cruisers. Day 14: The Soviet Union is expelled from the League of Nations. Day 17: The Graf Spee is scuttled by its crew at the port of Montevideo, Uruguay.

1940:

Day 2: The Russians begin an offensive in Cariló. Day 8: The Soviet offensive is repelled by the Finns.

Day 15: The Russians break through the defense Finnish Mannerheim Line.

Day 12: Finland signs a peace treaty with the USSR. Day 28: Franco-British decision not to conclude, separately, truces or peace.

Day 9: The German army started the occupation of Denmark and Norway invaded. Day 10: First Naval Battle of Narvik. Day 13: Second Battle of Narvik, culminating with the elimination of German destroyers. Day 14: Desembraque English Norway, near Narvik. Day 19: French landing in Norway. Day 24: Allied defeat in Norway in Lillehammer. Establishment of the Reich Commissariat for the country.

Day 10: Germany invades Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg. Neville Chamberlain - British Prime Minister - resigns, Winston Churchill takes office. Day 14: Bombardment of the open city of Rotterdam - 1000 civilians dead, 78,000 homeless. The Germans break through the French front at Sedan. Day 15: The Dutch army capitulates. Day 17: German troops enter Brussels. Day 18: Formed the new cabinet Reynauld with Pétain, Daladier and Mandel. Day 19: Weygand was appointed Commander-in-chief of the French army. Day 26: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=41&guerra=2 Evacuation of British Expeditionary Force at Dunkirk. ] Day 27: King Leopold of Belgium signed an armistice with Germany.

Day 3: The Germans bomb Paris. Day 10: Capitulation of the Norwegian army. Italy declares war on Britain and France. Day 11: The French government is hiding near Tours. Conference Churchill-Reynaud, Weygand. Day 13: Paris is enacted open city. Day 14: The German army march on Paris. Day 18: The Soviets invaded the Baltic states. Day 19: The Germans cross the Loire. Heroic resistance of the Cadets of Saumur. Day 21: In Rethondes, Hitler received the French plenipotentiaries. Day 22: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=47&guerra=2 France signs an armistice with Germany. ] Day 26: Soviet ultimatum to Romania. Day 30: The German army started the occupation of the Channel Islands.

Day 1: The French government settled in Vichy. Day 3: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=408&guerra=2 English attack against the French fleet at Oran and Mers-el-Kebir. ] Day 5: Severance of diplomatic relations between France and England. Day 10: Start the Battle of Britain. Day 11: Marshal Pétain assumed the leadership of the Vichy government. Day 14: Spain is Tangier with the cultural relics to remain neutral zone. Day 16: Hitler gave the order to prepare for the Sea Lion (the invasion of England).

Day 3: Italy begins occupation of British Somaliland. Day 15: The Luftwaffe intensifies attacks on England. Day 29: The Vichy government creates the Legions Combatants.

Day 3: First deliveries of U.S. destroyers to Britain. Day 7: * * Early blitz against London. Day 13: The Italian army invaded Egypt. Day 15: Japanese ultimatum to France for the section of the naval bases in Indochina. Day 17: Postponement of the operation of the Sea Lion Day 22: Signing of Agreement for the Franco-Japanese landing in Indochina. Day 25: The United States limits the supply of oil to Japan Day 27: Italy, Germany and Japan signed the Tripartite Pact.

Day 7: The German army march to Romania. Day 10: The Royal Navy bombards Cherbourg. Day 12: Victory over the British navy off the Italian island of Malta. Day 23: Hitler meets with Franco and Pétain in Hendaia Montoire in the next day. Day 28: Italy invades Greece.

Day 5: Roosevelt is reelected to another term. Day 8: RAF raid on Munich. Day 11: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=441&guerra=2 Aircraft of the British aircraft carrier Illustrious Italians attack the ships anchored in Taranto. ] Day 14: The Greek army repelled the Italians back into Albania. Day 20: Hungary joins the Tripartite Pact. Day 22: The 9th Italian Army surrendered to the Greeks. Day 23: Romania joins the Tripartite Pact.

Day 9: First British offensive against the Italians, led by Wavell. Day 11: The British capture Sidi Barrani in Egypt, the Italians. Day 17: The British recapture Sollum, Egypt. Day 29: Violent bombing of London: fire in the City.

1941:

Day 5: Australian troops capture Bardia, Libya. Day 10: In Albania, the Greeks take to the Italian Keleyre. Anglo-Italian naval combat in the Strait of Sicily. Day 19: Top British offensive in Ethiopia and Eritrea. Day 20: Hitler issues orders to send the 5th Motorized Division (Afrika Korps) to Afrika. Day 22: British and Australians capture Tobruk. Day 26: Principle of British offensive in Somalia English and Italian.

Day 6: British and Australians capture Benghazi. Day 9: The British bombard Genoa and Livorno. Day 12: General Rommel arrives in Tripoli. Day 25: British troops capture Mogadishu, Italian Somaliland.

Day 1: Bulgaria joins the Axis. Day 2: The Germans enter Bulgaria. Day 11: Promulgation of the Law of loan and lease (lease & lend) in the United States. Day 16: Great Luftwaffe raid on Bristol. Day 19: Great Luftwaffe raid on London. Day 25: Yugoslavia signs the Tripartite Pact. Day 27: A military coup overthrows the Yugoslav government, Yugoslavia leaves the Axis. Day 28: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=439&guerra=2 British naval victory over the Italians at Cape Matapan. ] Day 30: In Brest, the RAF attacks the German cruisers Scharnhorst and Gneisenau. Day 31: Afrika Korps troops begin an offensive from El Agheila.

Day 4: The Germans capture Benghazi. Day 6: Germany invades Yugoslavia and Greece. The Afrika Korps takes Zagreb. Day 8: The Luftwaffe bombed Belgrade. Day 12: The German army occupies Belgrade. Day 13: The Soviets and Japanese signed a nonaggression pact. Day 14: The Afrika Korps reaches the Egyptian border. Day 16: Intense air raid on London, repeated at 19 and 20. Day 17: The Yugoslav army surrenders to Germany. Day 22: The Germans capture Thessalonika. Day 24: The Greeks surrender in Epirus and Macedonia. Day 27: German troops captured Athens. Day 28: The Germans take Sollum. Day 30: Withdrawal of British troops in Greece.

Day 2: Antiinglês coup in Iraq. Day 11: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=448&guerra=2 Rudolf Hess in Scotland down after his clandestine flight. ] Day 12: Interview Hitler-Darlan in Berchtesgarden, the Germans could use Syrian airfields. Day 15: The British recapture Sollum and Halfaya. Day 20: Aero-Germanic invasion transported in Crete. German heavy losses despite the indisputable victory. Day 23: German aircraft attack the British fleet in the citer. Day 24: The Bismark - pride of the Kriegsmarine - British sink the Hood. Day 27: The Bismarck is sunk by the squadron of Tovey. Day 31: British forces are defeated in Crete.

Day 2: Interview Hitler and Mussolini at Brenner Pass. Day 8: Allied forces invade Syria. Day 15: Croatia joins the Tripartite Pact. Day 18: RAF raids on the Ruhr. Germano-Turkish treaty of non aggression. Day 22: Germany, Italy and Romania declare war on USSR. Beginning of Operation Barbarossa, 170 rooms (3 million men) invade Russia. Day 23: Hungary and Slovakia declare war on USSR. Day 24: The Germans take Brest-Litovsk and Kaunas Wilna. Day 26: Finland and Albania declares war on the Soviet Union. Day 28: Minsk is captured by German troops. Day 30: Severance of diplomatic relations between the Vichy government and the USSR.

Day 1: Offensive by the RAF over the Channel, northern France and Germany. Day 2: Victorious Army advance Centre (von Bock) in Belarus. Day 6: Counterattack in Belarus. Day 10: Begins the battle of Smolensk, the German offensive against Leningrad. Day 14: The Vichy government signed the capitulation of the forces that fought against the United Bretnaha that sector. Day 15: The Germans capture Smolensk. Day 21: The Russians are retreating from Dniester. Luftwaffe raid on Moscow. Day 24: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=228&guerra=2 The Japanese army occupied French Indochina. U.S. cease trade relations with Japan ] Day 29: Franco-Japanese for the common defense of Indochina.

Day 1: Russian counter-offensive in central front. Day 5: The British sent reinforcements to Singapore. Day 9: Roosevelt-Churchill conference in Newfoundland. Violent clashes in Ukraine. Day 11: Von Rundstedt offensive to the Black Sea. General mobilization in Japan Day 12: Signing the letter of the Atlantic in Newfoundland. Day 16: German army captures the Ukraine. Russian withdrawal in the Dnieper. Day 19: The Army attacked north Leningrad. Day 25: British and Soviet troops invade Iran start of the Battle of Kiev. Day 27: Attack against Laval and Deat at Versailles. Day 28: The Germans take Dniepropetrovsk.

Day 1: The Germans occupy curry. Day 5: German army occupied Estonia. Day 7: Large RAF raid on Berlin. Day 8: Russian troops attack and tells recover Ielnia, southeast of Smolensk. Day 9: It begins the siege of Leningrad. Day 15: The German Army provides contact center in Kiev. Day 23: De Gaulle established the National Committee of Free France in London. Day 25: German offensive in the Crimea. Day 26: Kiev is captured by German forces. Day 27: End of the Italian Resistance in Ethiopia.

Day 1: Moscow Conference provides U.S. aid to Russian and English. Day 4: U.S. to suspend delivery of oil to Japan Day 6: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=483&guerra=2 Wehrmacht's first offensive against Moscow. ] Day 8: The Germans take Orel, Bryansk and Kaluga. Day 14: Rundstedt occupies Mariupol. Fall of Kalinin. Day 16: Formation of the Tojo government in Japan Germans take Odessa. Day 17: The Soviet government moves its headquarters to Kuibyshev. Day 19: State of siege in Moscow. Zhukov assumes the defense of the city on March 21. Day 24: Kharkov falls into the hands of the German army.

Day 1: The Germans advance in the Crimea. Day 3: Germans capture Kursk. Day 13: The English aircraft carrier Ark Royal is sunk near Gibraltar. Day 16: Great German offensive against Moscow (more than 50 divisions). Day 18: 8th Army's offensive in Cyrenaica English. Day 22: Rostov is captured by German forces. Day 25: New German offensive repulsed in Moscow. Day 26: Catroux proclaims the independence of Lebanon. Day 29: The Russians recapture Rostov.

Day 1: Three Russian armies Asians arrive to reinforce the front of Moscow. Day 6: The Germans park their assault on the Russian capital. Russian counter-offensive across the front. Day 7: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=239&guerra=2 Japan attacks the U.S. fleet stationed at Pearl Harbor and declared war on the United States and Britain. ] Day 7: Japanese forces attacked Thailand, Siam and Malaysia. Day 8: United States and Britain declare war on Imperial Japan. Day 9: The Prince of Wales and Repulse are sunk by the Japanese. Day 10: Japanese landing in Manila (Philippines). The British recapture Tobruk. Day 11: Germany and Italy declare war on the United States. Day 12: Begins the evacuation of Moscow. Day 13: The Japanese occupied Guam in the Marianas. Day 16: The Red Army reconquest Kalinin. Day 17: Japanese forces landed in Borneo. Day 17: First Battle of Sirte, the Italian fleet is repelled by British light forces. Day 18: The Allies invade Timor. Day 19: Hitler assumes command of the eastern front of von Brauchitsch. Italians attack the Queen Elizabeth and Valiant. Day 23: The Japanese take Wake Island. Day 24: Britons recover Benghazi, Rommel withdraws from Cyrenaica. Day 25: Fall of Hong Kong. Day 29: The Russians landed in Crimea and Kerch recover.

1942:

Day 1: Counterattack of Soviet armies in the entire length of the front. Day 2: The Japanese captured Manila. Day 3: Wavell is appointed commander in chief of Allied Forces in the Pacific. Day 11: The British take over Sollum. The Japanese take Kuala Lumpur. Day 13: Soviets recapture Kiev in their winter offensive. Day 21: Counter-offensive of Rommel in North Africa. Day 22: End of the Battle of Moscow: general retreat of the German lines west of the capital. Japanese land in the Bismarck Archipelago. Day 25: Japanese landing in the Solomon Islands. Rommel recapture Benghazi. Day 28: Under American pressure, Brazil severs diplomatic relations and trade with Germany, Japan and Italy. Day 31: Begins the siege of Singapore nipônicas forces.

Day 1: British withdrawal to Ain-el-Gazelle in Cyrenaica. Day 2: Japanese bombers attack Java. Day 14: The Gneisenau, the Scharnhorst and Prinz Eugen force the passage of Calais and arrive in Norway. Day 15: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=251&guerra=2 The British force in Singapore capitulated. ] Day 19: Initiation of proceedings against former French leaders. Japanese invade Bali and Timor. Day 24: The Russian troops surrounding the von Busch in Staraya Russa: the battle lasts ten days. Day 27: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=519&guerra=2 Naval Battle of the Java Sea. ]

Day 1: Russian offensive in the Crimea. Day 8: The Japanese enter Rangoon. Day 17: MacArthur appointed commander in chief of allied forces in the Pacific, arrives in Australia. Day 28: British raid on Saint-Nazaire.

Day 5: Japanese aviation bombarding Ceylon. Day 7: Capitulation of Allied forces in Sumatra. Day 9: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=253&guerra=2 American forces on Bataan surrender to Japanese. ] Day 17: Dismissal of the Darlan government in Vichy. Day 18: Tokyo is bombed by American bombers (the Doolittle raid). Day 18: Laval rises to power in France. U.S. aircraft attacked Tokyo, Yokohama, Nagoya and Kobe. Day 20: Escape of General Giraud. Japanese advance in Burma.

Day 1: Interview Hitler and Mussolini in Salzburg. Day 6: The British capture Madagascar. Day 6: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=256&guerra=2 Unconditional surrender of all American forces in the Philippines. Cease hostilities. ] Day 8: New German offensive in the Crimea. Day 8: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=549&guerra=2 Naval Battle of the Coral Sea, the first battle fought only between aircraft carriers. ] Day 15: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=530&guerra=2 British withdrawal in Burma to the border of India. ] Day 16: The Germans take over Kerch in the Crimea. Day 26: Signature of the Anglo-Soviet, which lasted 20 years. Day 26: Rommel takes the offensive in Libya, begins the attack on Bir Hakim. Day 27: Assassinate Heydrich in Prague. He dies June 4. Day 28: The Russians retake Kharkov the Germans. Day 30: First of the raids of 1000 British planes.

Day 1: RAF raid on the Ruhr. Day 3: Violent German attack against Sevastopol. Day 4: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=259&guerra=2 Battle of Midway - 4 Japanese carriers are sunk. ] Day 10: German counteroffensive at Kharkov. Day 11: U.S. extend the policy of Lend Lease & the USSR. Day 11: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=539&guerra=2 The Free French forces evacuate Bir Hakim. ] Day 14: British retreat to Egypt. 15 British ships are sunk in a convoy to Malta. Day 18: Roosevelt-Churchill interview in Washington. Day 21: Rommel takes command of Tobruk. Day 22: German offensive in Ukraine. Day 22: The AfrikaKorps cross the Egyptian border. Day 24: De Gaulle hits according to the French resistance movements. Day 25: Russians retreat in Kharkov. Day 27: Loan agreement between Britain and Russia. Day 28: German spring offensive across the Russian front. Day 30: Rommel reaches El Alamein.

Day 3: The German army captured the city of Sevastopol.

Day 7: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=262&guerra=2 First U.S. troops land on Guadalcanal. ] Day 15: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=575&guerra=2 Baependy freighter is sunk on the shores of Brazil by the submarine U-507, with great loss of life - this and other attacks in the following days, eventually lead Brazil to war. ] Day 19: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=263&guerra=2 Canadians try to land at Dieppe but are repelled by German forces. ] Day 22: Brazil declares war on Germany and Italy. Day 23: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=561&guerra=2 Air strikes began in the city of Stalingrad, first German units are approaching the city. ] Day 31: Battle of Alam Halfa.

Day 13: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=562&guerra=2 The Battle of Stalingrad. ]

Day 23: Begins the battle of El Alamein.

Day 8: Start of Operation Torch. Anglo-American forces landed in French Northwest Africa (under the Vichy government). Day 11: German forces enter the unoccupied territory. Day 19: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=269&guerra=2 Counter-offensive at Stalingrad. ] Day 27: The French fleet is sunk in Tulon.

Day 12: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=563&guerra=2 The Germans try unsuccessfully to break the siege on Stalingrad. ]

1943:

Day 14: Allied conference in Casablanca. Leaders decide for unconditional surrender. Day 28: The British 8th Army captures Tripoli. Day 31: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=272&guerra=2 The 6th German army (von Paulus) yields in the pocket of Stalingrad. The occasion marks the turning point of war in Russia. ] Day 31: Battle of the Barents Sea, the German navy is humiliated, leading Hitler to order the destruction of all surface ships the Germans.

Day 8: In eight days (until day 16) the Soviets recapture Kursk, Rostov and Kharkov.

Day 15: German forces retake Kharkov.

Day 12: Surrender of the Afrika Korps in North Africa.

Day 13: The last pockets of German resistance in North Africa are defeated. Day 22: The German U-boats are removed from the North Atlantic, ending the Battle of the Atlantic.

Day 5: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=281&guerra=2 It occurs most armored battle in history at Kursk, Russia. ] Day 10: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=276&guerra=2 Operation Husky - the Allies landed in Sicily. ] Day 25: The fascist government of Mussolini is overthrown. Day 26: Marshal Badoglio declares martial law in Italy.

Day 23: Soviet forces recapture Kharkov.

Day 3: Italy signed an armistice with the Allies. Day 10: German armies occupy Rome. Day 12: Mussolini was rescued in a daring action of Colonel Otto Skorzeny. Day 22: British dwarf submarines attack the battleship Tirpitz in the Kaa Fjord, Norway. Day 23: Mussolini declares a Fascist state in northern Italy. Day 25: Sovet retake Smolensk.

Day 13: The official government of Italy declares war on Germany.

Day 6: Soviets recapture Kiev. Day 20: U.S. marines landings at Tarawa.

Day 26: Scharnhost The battleship is sunk by the British fleet.

1944:

Day 6: Soviet armies advancing on the Polish border. Day 16: Eisenhower is appointed as Supreme Commander of Allied forces in Europe. Day 22: Allied landings at Anzio. Day 27: Ending the siege of Leningrad. Day 31: U.S. forces invade the Marshall Islands.

Day 19: Hungary is occupied by German forces.

Day 3: Operation Tingstênio: Fleet Air Arm aircraft, damaging the battleship Tirpitz in the Kaa Fjord. Day 10: Soviets capture Odessa.

Day 9: Sevastopol is taken by Soviet forces.

Day 4: Rome is captured by the allies. Day 6: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=300&guerra=2 Is launched Operation Neptune (Overlord), the Allied invasion of Normandy. ] Day 13: The first V-1 bombs explode in England. Day 15: American forces landed on Saipan in the Marianas. Day 19: Naval battle of the Philippine Sea. Day 22: The Soviets launched the offensive that destroyed Army Group Centre Day 27: The allied armies capture Cherbourg.

Day 3: Soviet forces recapture Minsk. Day 7: Japan's army is defeated in Saipan. Day 9: The Allies capture Caen. Day 20: Attempt on the life of Hitler. The Führer survives. Day 21: American landings on Guam. Day 25: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=310&guerra=2 Start of Operation Cobra - advance beyond the allies in Normandy. ] Day 28: Soviet troops take Brest-Litovsk.

Day 4: The Allies liberate Florence. Day 15: Operation Anvil - Allied landing in southern France. Day 15: Canadian troops capture the town of Falaise, France Day 24: Operation Goodwood III: new attack and damage to the Tirpitz by the Fleet Air Arm. Day 25: Paris is liberated by allied forces. Day 28: Release of Marseilles and Toulon. Day 30: German army abandons Bulgaria. Day 31: The Soviets captured Bucharest.

Day 3: The Antwerp is taken by the allies. Day 5: The Soviet Union declares war on Bulgaria. Day 8: The first V-2 flying bomb explodes in London. Day 17: Operation Market Garden - Assault air-transported not successful in the Netherlands. Day 24: San Marino declared war on Germany, having been invaded by Germany in the previous year to capture the 100,000 refugees there. Day 26: The Estonia was occupied by the Red Army. Day 28: Release of Calais.

Day 1: The Soviets invade Yugoslavia. Day 4: Allies land in Greece. Day 14: Athens is recaptured by Allied forces. Day 20: Belgrade is invaded. Day 20: U.S. Marines landed in Leyte in the Philippines. Day 23: The Soviets enter East Prussia. Day 23: Battle of Leyte Gulf. The largest naval battle in history. The Japanese naval air-power is decimated.

Day 4: Surrender of Axis forces in Greece. Day 12: Bombers Lancasters, carrying Tallboy bombs, sinking the battleship Tirpitz. Day 24: French troops capture Strasbourg.

Day 16: The Germans launched an offensive through the Ardennes - The Battle of the Bulge begins. Day 26: Resist American troops in Bastogne. The German offensive is stopped.

1945:

Day 1: The Germans withdraw from the Ardennes. Day 9: American forces landed on Luzon in the Philippines. Day 16: The German Ardennes bulge is eliminated. Day 17: The Red Army captures Warsaw. Day 26: The Japanese withdraw from the Chinese coast.

Day 4: Yalta Conference. Day 4: Manila resumes. Day 19: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=342&guerra=2 American landings on Iwo Jima. ] Day 20: The Soviets capture Danzig. Day 21: Taking of Castle Hill by FEB.

Day 7: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=344&guerra=2 The Allies cross the Rhine, using the bridge of Remagen. ] Day 19: Tokyo is firebombed by B-29s. Hundreds of thousands perished.

Day 1: U.S. invade Okinawa. Day 10: Hanover fall into Allied hands. Day 11: Yugoslavs and Soviets sign Pact. Day 12: U.S. President Roosevelt dies. Truman takes office. Day 13: The Soviets capture Vienna. Day 15: Allied forces capture Arnhem. Day 20: Nuremberg is captured by the allies. Day 23: [http://www.grandesguerras.com.br/cronologia/relacao01.php?ev_id=352&guerra=2 The Soviets enter Berlin. ] Day 25: Russian and American forces are off the river Elbe. Day 28: Mussolini, the Duce, is captured by guerrillas and killed. Day 28: The German 148th Division surrendered to the FEB Day 30: Adolf Hitler commits suicide.

Day 2: The German forces in Italy surrender. Day 4: The German forces in Holland, Denmark and northwest Germany's surrender. Day 5: Cease-fire on the western front. Day 7: Germany surrenders unconditionally to the Allied forces and Russian. Day 9: Red Army enters Prague. Day 9: The islands of the channel are released.

Day 10: Australians invade Borneo. Day 22: U.S. forces capture Okinawa.

Day 5: British landings in Singapore. Day 6: The first atomic bomb is detonated over Hiroshima by the Enola Gay B-29. Day 8: Soviet Union declares war on Japan Day 9: The second atomic bomb, launched by B-29 Bock 's Car explodes over Nagasaki. Day 14: Japan surrenders unconditionally.

Day 7: The last pockets of Japanese surrender in China, Burma and Hong Kong, meaning the end of World War II after more than 6 years of conflict.