23rd Infantry Division (Poland)

23rd Infantry Division (23. Dywizja Piechoty) was a unit of the Polish Army in the interwar period (1921-1939). Created in 1921, its headquarters were stationed in Upper Silesian town of Tarnowskie Góry. Also, some other units were located in garrisons across the Polish part of Upper Silesia:


 * in Katowice - 73rd Infantry Regiment,


 * - 11rd Infantry Regiment


 * in Chorzów, Rybnik and Wielkie Hajduki - 75th Infantry Regiment,


 * in Żory and Będzin - 23rd Light Artillery Regiment.


 * in the structure of the division was "hide" "Fortres Grup" Colonel Klaczyński.

In October 1938 the Division, under General Jan Jagmin-Sadowski, participated in the annexation of Zaolzie. A year later, in September 1939, it took part in the Polish September Campaign. Commanded by Colonel Wladyslaw Powierza, it was part of Operational Group "Silesia"/"Jagmin" of the Army Kraków gen. A.Szyling.

On September 1 and 2, the unit defended (flank's) the so-called Fortified Silesian Area, then it was ordered to support the 55th I.D., which was fighting around Wyry and Kobiór. After several skirmishes with German 28th I.D., the Poles withdrew towards the Nida River. Between September 4 and 20, the Division retreated eastwards, repelling German attacks and beating the enemy in Biłgoraj. On September 19, the Division joined units attacking Tomaszów Lubelski, but these efforts were fruitless. It fought until the capitulation of Army Kraków, September 20.