Khibiny (electronic countermeasures system)

Hibiny (L-175B) is Soviet / Russian aircraft electronic countermeasures (ECM) system.

The system is designed for radio direction-finding probing signal source irradiation followed by a distortion of the reflected signal parameters, namely
 * detection delay of the aircraft carrier ECM as an object of attack by the enemy;
 * masking the true subject against false;
 * difficulties ranging from the object, its speed and the angular position;
 * derating Maintenance Mode "on the aisle" when scanning antenna beam radar ;
 * increase the time and difficulty of capturing an object in the transition to the continuous-finding.

History
The first work related to the creation ECM "Khibiny" began in the Kaluga Research Institute of Radio Engineering (KRIRE; Russian: Калужский научно-исследовательский радиотехнический институт) in 1977. The plan was to create a unified set of electronic countermeasures for all the armed forces, where the tasks for KRIRE was to develop SIGINT blocks of equipment "Proran" and radio jammer (RJ) "Regatta", which was successfully completed with protected of scientific research in 1980.

In 1982 KRIRE was entrusted with research and development activities, first with "Proran" and "Regatta", and after an ECM as a whole, which includes many developments on related topics (including the use of accumulated experience in the development of RJ " Sorption ", which was planned to be installed on the Su-27 ). When started research and development with new ECM, later named "Khibiny",it was intended to unite all the units, ensuring that they work closely with the Jets avionics.

The first samples of "Khibiny" were far from ideal as to their weight and size parameters were not suitable for installation on the aircraft. To solve this problem KRIRE collaborated closely with Sukhoi, working under the direction of Rollan G. Martirosov. Collaborate on a plane integrated ECM (received code "product L-175B") bore little resemblance to the conventional practice in such cases. Typically, the manufacturer of equipment issues to aircraft design bureau specification for the placement of products that represent a complete set of design documents and makes recommendations on placement of its parts with the restrictions on the length of the connections between them. In this case, the equipment "Khibiny" was immediately inserted into the design of the aircraft under development. As a result of close co-operation by the end of the 80s the first stage of R&D the was completed.