Treaty of Passarowitz

The Treaty of Passarowitz or Treaty of Požarevac was the peace treaty signed in Požarevac (Serbian Cyrillic: Пожаревац, Passarowitz, Pasarofça), a town in Ottoman Empire (today Serbia), on 21 July 1718 between the Ottoman Empire on one side and the Habsburg Monarchy of Austria and the Republic of Venice on the other.

During the years 1714–18, the Ottomans had been successful against Venice in Greece and Crete, in the Ottoman–Venetian War. But, in the Austro-Turkish War of 1716–1718, they had been defeated at Petrovaradin (1716) by the Austrian troops of Prince Eugene of Savoy.

The treaty reflected the military situation. The Ottoman Empire lost the Banat and southeastern Syrmia, central part of present-day Serbia (from Belgrade to south of Kruševac), a tiny strip of northern Bosnia and Lesser Wallachia (Oltenia) to Austria. Venice renounced the Peloponnese peninsula (known as the Morea at the time), gained by the Treaty of Karlowitz, as well as its last remaining outposts in Crete, retaining only the Ionian Islands (with Ottoman-occupied Kythera added to them) and the cities of Preveza and Arta on the Epirote mainland. In Dalmatia, it made some small advances, taking the areas of Sinj, Imotski and Vrgorac in the hinterland.

The result of the treaty was the restoration of Habsburg administration over much of the territory of present-day Serbia, which they had temporarily occupied during the Great Turkish War between 1688 and 1699, and the effective establishment of the Kingdom of Serbia as a crown land. Following Passarowitz, a Habsburg crown land known as the Banat of Temeswar was also established.

After another Austro-Turkish war, in the 1739 Treaty of Belgrade the Ottoman Empire regained northern Bosnia, Habsburg Serbia (including Belgrade), southern parts of the Banat of Temeswar and Lesser Wallachia.