Terence Young (director)

Shaun Terence Young (20 June 1915 – 7 September 1994) was a British film director and screenwriter best known for directing three James Bond films, including the first two films in the series, Dr. No (1962) and From Russia with Love (1963), as well as Thunderball (1965). All three films starred Sean Connery as Bond.

Biography
The son of a Police Commissioner of the Shanghai Municipal Police, Young was born in Shanghai, China and was public-school educated. He read oriental history at St Catharine's College at the University of Cambridge.

Film career
Young began his career in the film industry as a screenwriter, earning a credit for Brian Desmond Hurst's On the Night of the Fire (1939), A Call for Arms (1940), Dangerous Moonlight (1941), and A Letter from Ulster (1942) and for other directors on Secret Mission (1942), On Approval (1944).

Commissioned in the Irish Guards, Young was a tank commander during World War II where he participated in Operation Market Garden in Arnhem, Netherlands.

In 1946, he returned to assist Hurst again with the script of Theirs is the Glory, which told the story of the fighting around Arnhem Bridge. Arnhem, coincidentally, was home to an adolescent Audrey Hepburn. During the later filming of Young's film, Wait Until Dark, Hepburn and Young would joke that he had been shelling his favorite star without even knowing it.

Young worked on the screenplays for Hurst's Hungry Hill (1947) and David McDonald's Bad Lord Byron (1949).

Director
Young's first sole credit as director (and also Christopher Lee's film debut) was Corridor of Mirrors (1948), an acclaimed film made in France. He followed it with a musical One Night with You (1948); Woman Hater (1948), a comedy with Stewart Granger; They Were Not Divided (1950), based on his own life in the Irish Guards. Young also directed Valley of Eagles (1951) and The Tall Headlines (1952).

Warwick Films
He then made the first film for Irving Allen and Albert R. Broccoli's Warwick Films, The Red Beret with Alan Ladd.

Young made That Lady (1955) in Spain with Olivia de Havilland and was hired by Alexander Korda to do an essentially shot-for-shot remake of the 1939 film The Four Feathers, Storm Over the Nile, in 1955.

Warwick asked Young back to do a movie about the Mau Mau, Safari (1956) with Victor Mature. For the same company he did Zarak (1957), also with Mature.

MGM hired him to make Action of the Tiger (1957) with Van Johnson; a young Sean Connery had a support role. No Time to Die (1958) was Young's fourth film for Warwick, and third with Mature. He made Serious Charge (1959), which was Cliff Richard's film debut; Too Hot to Handle (1960) with Jayne Mansfield; Black Tights (1961) in France; and Duel of Champions (1961) in Italy with Alan Ladd.

James Bond
Albert Broccoli and Irwin Allen had split up as a producing team and Broccoli went into partnership with Harry Saltzman to make a series of films based on the James Bond novels. Broccoli used many of the crew he had worked with during his time at Warwick for the first Bond movies, including Young as director. Young made a crucial contribution to Dr. No (1962), including recruiting Sean Connery to portray Bond. Actress Lois Maxwell would later say that "Terence took Sean under his wing. He took him to dinner, to his tailor, showed him how to walk, how to talk, even how to eat."

The movie was a huge success and was quickly followed by From Russia with Love (1963), an even bigger hit. During the filming, Young and a photographer nearly drowned when their helicopter crashed into the sea while filming a key sequence. They were rescued by other members of the film crew. Young was back behind the camera thirty minutes after being rescued.

Young was deluged with offers and elected not to direct Goldfinger. Instead he made The Amorous Adventures of Moll Flanders (1965). Young was called back for the fourth Bond, Thunderball (1965).

According to Young, he was offered and turned down the direction of Bond films For Your Eyes Only and Never Say Never Again.

European films
Following Thunderball, Young's work was focused in Europe.

Young directed part of the 1965 espionage portmanteau film The Dirty Game. He provided the story for Atout cœur à Tokyo pour OSS 117 (1966) and directed the all-star The Poppy Is Also a Flower (1966). He followed this with Triple Cross (1966), and The Rover (1967). Young had a hit with Wait Until Dark with Audrey Hepburn. He then directed Mayerling (1968), with Omar Sharif and The Christmas Tree (1969) with William Holden.

He made three films with Charles Bronson: Cold Sweat (1970), Red Sun (1972) and The Valachi Papers (1972).

Later films
Young's later films include War Goddess (a.k.a. The Amazons) (1973), and The Klansman (1974) (replacing Samuel Fuller). He worked on Jackpot but the film was never finished.

Later credits include Foxbat (1977), Bloodline (1979), Inchon (1982) about the Battle of Inchon with Laurence Olivier, The Jigsaw Man (1983) with Michael Caine and Olivier (replacing the original director), and Run for Your Life (1988). Olivier and Young had been friends since 1943 when Olivier had initially offered the direction of his film Henry V (1944) to Young, who declined.

Young was also the editor of The Long Days or al-Ayyam al-Tawila, a six-hour Iraqi telenovela about the life of Saddam Hussein.

Personal life
His wife was the novelist Dorothea Bennett. He died of a heart attack while working on a documentary at the age of 79 in Cannes.