National Defence University of Malaysia

The National Defence University of Malaysia (UPNM; Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia) is a military university located in Sungai Besi Camp, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The university is Malaysia's first catering to the needs and development of the Malaysian Armed Forces. There are around 2,700 undergraduate students, with over 890 of them Officer Cadets that undergo four to five years of training.

History
UPNM was originally Akademi Tentera Malaysia (ATMA), or the Malaysian Armed Forces Academy, which was established on 1 June 1995. It was an organisation that offered bachelor's degrees in the fields of engineering, sciences and managements, with military training.

The bachelor's degree courses were accredited and awarded by Universiti Teknologi Malaysia in the beginning. The lecturers came from within the armed forces, some hired by the academy and the rest deputised by UTM.

On 10 November 2006, ATMA was upgraded to university status creating the current UPNM. The establishment of the university was announced by the Prime Minister Datuk Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi during the Budget 2007 reading in the Malaysian Parliament. The setting up of the university cost RM 500 million and was fully borne by the Government of Malaysia.

The university's first intake of students was for the 2007/2008 session.

Location
UPNM's main campus is at the Sungai Besi Camp in Kuala Lumpur. The campus was completed in 2002 as part of ATMA.

Chancellory
The former Commandant of ATMA, Lt. General Dato' Wira Ir. Ismail Samion was appointed as the first vice-chancellor of UPNM. His appointment created history in the Malaysian higher education scene as the first military personnel appointed to be vice-chancellor of a local university. Ismail was Commandant of ATMA for six years prior to the appointment.

The current Vice-Chancellor is Lt Jen Dato' Abdul Halim Jalal who appointed to the post in 2018.

* ATMA Commandants/UPNM Vice-Chancellor

1. Lt Jen Dato' Ismail Hassan              1995 - 1996 2. Mej Jen Dato' Abd Ghani Yunus             1996 - 1997 3. Brig Jen Baharudin Abdul Kadir            1997 - 1997 4. Brig Jen Dato' Adenan Mohamad Zain           1998 - 5. Brig Jen Azizan Ariffin           - 6. Lt Jen Dato' Wira Ir. Ismail Samion (VC)           2002 - 2008 7. Lt Jen Dato Pahlawan Hj Zulkifli Hj Zainal Abidin (VC)  2008 - 2010 7. Lt Jen Dato' Wira Allatif bin Mohamed Noor (VC)     2010 - 2013 8. Jen Tan Sri Hj Zulkifli Hj Zainal Abidin (VC)           2013–2018 9. Lt Jen Dato' Abdul Halim Jalal                    2018–Present
 * ATMA/UPNM Commanding Officers (CO)

1. Lt Kol Badrulzaman Abd Rani          1995 - 1996 2. Lt Kol Azroie Ahmad     1996 - 1997 3. Lt Kol Mohammad Azudin Othman Fuad  1997 - 1998 4. Kol Mohd Shukuri Ahmad     1998 - 2004 5. Lt Kol         2004 - 2005 6. Lt Kol Ahmad Sazali Sukardi    2005 - 2006 7. Lt Kol Zakaria borhan     2006 - 2009 8. Lt Kol Abdul Aziz Ismail                         2009 - 2010 9. Lt Kol Kamal Idris Johari    2010 - 2011 10. Lt Kol Chan Weng Poh            2011 - 2013 11. Lt Kol Wan Azni bin Hj Wan Muhammad           2013–Present



Curriculum
Cadets are educated and graded on their performance in academics, physical fitness, and military leadership.

The academic program consists of a core of 11 courses balanced in management, sciences and engineering. Cadets choose their courses in the end of their foundation year.

The physical program includes physical education classes and competitive athletics. Every cadet participates in an intercollegiate, club or intramural (called Inter-Battalion Sports) level sport each year. As with all soldiers in the Armed Forces, cadets also must pass a physical fitness test (UKA) twice per year. Additionally, during each end year-session, cadets must undergo Single Service Training (LKPT)—which generally is regarded by cadets to be the "worst 6 weeks of the year."

Cadets learn military skills, including leadership, through a military program (LKU) that begins on their first day at the university. Most military training takes place during the end-semester holiday, with new cadets undergoing Cadet Basic Training (LFI) — or "Square bashing". Additionally, cadets are housed in barracks style floor-by-floor management at accommodation blocks and have leadership positions and responsibilities throughout the academic year.

Every mid-semester, the young men and women train at the campus camp; campus fields for physical trainings, 1RAMD obstacle course and shooting range for obstacle course exercise and shooting practice, and RMC's parade ground for drills. In this six-week part of LKU at the campus, the cadets are introduced to a basic firearms and training exercises. The battalions are in command of appointed rank holders and final year cadets. The super-seniors are in officer positions such as Platoon leader and Company commanders. At the end of the six-week UKMHK session, awards are given out to the best battalion based on the best performance at each training site.

Moral-ethical development occurs throughout the formal programs. These include formal instruction in the values of the military profession, religious programs, and interaction with staff and faculty role models. The foundation of the ethical code at the university is found in the institution's motto, "Duty, Honor, Integrity." Cadets adhere to the Cadet Honor Code, which states "A cadet will not lie, cheat, steal, or tolerate those who do."

Language Centre

 * Language and Cross Culture Communication

Defence Engineering Faculty

 * Civil engineering
 * Electric & Electronic (Power) engineering
 * Electric & Electronic (Communication) engineering
 * Mechanical engineering
 * Mechanical - Automotive engineering
 * Mechanical - Aeronautic engineering
 * Mechanical - Marine technology engineering
 * Art defence engineering

Defence Sciences Faculty

 * Computer science (Security system)
 * Computer science (Artificial intelligence)
 * Maritime technology

Faculty of Defence Management Studies

 * Defence human resource management
 * Strategic studies

Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health Sciences

 * Bachelor of Medicine

Rank
Unlike virtually all other bachelor-degree granting institutions in Malaysia (but like the other military academies in Malaysia), the university does not refer to its students as freshmen, sophomores, juniors, or seniors; they are instead called by their year of intake e.g. "2002", "2003", "2004", "20XX".

Colloquially, the freshmen are "tahun asas (basic year)"; sophomores, "tahun satu (year 1)"; juniors, "tahun dua (year 2)";  seniors,  "tahun tiga (year 3)"; super-senior, "tahun empat (year 4)". Most cadets consider basic year to be the most difficult because of the rules and restrictions developed to help students transition from civilian to military cadet. However, the third and fourth years are generally considered to be the hardest academically.

Within the university, cadets who reached year three or four can hold positions of increasing responsibility with a cadet rank:
 * Cadet: Member of platoon - year 1 to year 4 cadet.
 * Cadet Corporal: - year 1 to year 4 cadet.
 * Cadet Sergeant: Leader of a platoon - year 3 and year 4 cadet.
 * Cadet CSM (KSM): Cadet Company Sergeant Major. Second in charge of a company - year 3 and year 4 cadet.
 * Cadet JUO (PRM): Cadet Junior Under Officer. Leading a company/second in charge of a battalion - year 3 and year 4 cadet.
 * Cadet SUO (PRK): Cadet Senior Under Officer. Leading a battalion or the cadet brigade - year 4 cadet.

Organization


In the UPNM student organisation, they are divided by two which is Student Representative Council or Majlis Perwakilan Pelajar (consist of military and civilian students) and also rank holder and cadet mess secretariat. see the website of SRC UPNM - *National Defence University of Malaysia Students Representative Council

The cadets have the following organisation:
 * (The number of cadets is approximate and varies year to year)


 * 1 brigade (1,500 cadets) which consists of:
 * 6 battalions (350 Cadets) which each battalion consist of:
 * 4 companies (75 cadets) which each company consist of:
 * 3 platoons (25 cadets)

There are 6 battalions in the Cadet Brigade which are:
 * Tuah battalion
 * Jebat battalion
 * Kasturi battalion
 * Lekir battalion
 * Lekiu battalion (temporary to foundation year cadets)
 * Zulu battalion (temporary to final year cadets)

All of the battalions, except 'Zulu', are named after five Malay folks heroes. Each battalion has their own identity such as insignia, emblem, motto, song and war dance. Every cadet holds their battalion's pride in high spirit which can be seen during inter-battalion sports or military competition. Lekiu battalion is the battalion for foundation/basic year cadets, who are living with their own intake for a year before reporting to any one of the Tuah, Jebat, Kasturi or Lekir battalion as first year cadets. Zulu Battalion is the battalion for final year cadets prior to their commissioning. A cadet will leave their battalion to join Zulu after a batch of previous Zulu have been commissioned, usually in January.

Admission
Admission to the university is by applying through the Education Ministry's University Central Unit where academic qualification will be evaluated. Candidates then undergo physical, mental and leadership tests for a period of 1–3 weeks which is conducted by the Ministry of Defence.

Admissions requirements
To be admitted, candidates must be between 18 and 20 years old upon entrance, not be married, and have no legal obligation to support a child, and be of good moral character. The process includes a university application, standardised testing, and personal references. Candidates for admission have a physical aptitude test as well as a complete physical exam, including a separate visual acuity test to be eligible for appointment, although medical waivers are available. Usually, candidates with vision uncorrectable to 20/20, as well as a range of other injuries or illnesses, will be automatically considered for a medical waiver only if they are highly competitive.

Graduation
Graduates receive a bachelor's degree and are commissioned as young officers in the Army or equivalent rank in the navy or air force with an obligation to serve 10 years active service in the military. Eligibility for particular specialties (infantry, artillery, armour, engineers, etc.) is determined by academic performance and personal preference. A cadet is a first class graduate if he or she has earned a 3.70 or above Accumulated Grade Pointer Average (CPA), second class if 3.0-3.69 or third class if 2.99 and below.