Marshal (Italy)

The Italian military rank of maresciallo (marshal) is classified as a "sub-officer" and is the highest rank of non-commissioned officer in the Italian armed forces, higher than the rank of sergeant but lower than that of ensign/second lieutenant; there are from three to five grades within the rank, according to the different branches of the armed forces. The rank is achieved through merit or attending the Scuola Allievi Marescialli (School of Student Marshals). Marshal is an intermediate rank of the armed forces which is currently granted to NCOs with the training and technical competence to carry out specialised executive roles, and to command smaller and technically complex units.

Italian military
In the Italian army a marshal is a non-commissioned officer. The grades of marshal are as follows beginning with the lowest:
 * maresciallo - marshal
 * maresciallo ordinario - ordinary marshal
 * maresciallo capo - chief marshal
 * primo maresciallo (before 2001 maresciallo aiutante) first marshal (until 2001 adjutant marshal)
 * primo maresciallo luogotenente - first marshal lieutenant (grade instituted in 2001). )

In the Italian navy the grades of marshal are as follows:
 * capo di terza classe - chief third class
 * capo di seconda classe - chief second class
 * capo di prima classe - chief first class
 * primo maresciallo - first marshal (degree instituted in 2001[1])
 * primo maresciallo luogotenente - first marshal lieutenant (grade instituted in 2001).

In the Italian air force the grades of marshal are as follows:
 * maresciallo di terza classe - marshal third class
 * maresciallo di seconda classe - marshal second class
 * maresciallo di prima classe - marshal first class
 * primo maresciallo - first marshal (until 2001[1] adjuvant marshal)
 * primo maresciallo luogotenente - first marshal lieutenant (grade instituted in 2001).

Italian gendarmerie
In the uniformed sectors - the Carabinieri and Guardia di Finanza - those at the marshal level are called inspectors and are distinguished from supervisors and were once non-commissioned officers. Their grades resemble those in the Italian army:
 * maresciallo - marshal
 * maresciallo ordinario - ordinary marshal
 * maresciallo capo - chief marshal
 * primo maresciallo (before 2001 maresciallo aiutante) first marshal (until 2001 adjutant marshal)
 * primo maresciallo luogotenente - first marshal lieutenant (grade instituted in 2001).

Adjutant marshal retains the rank of Official Substitute of Public Safety; lieutenant is not meaningfully a rank and dates from 2001.