Peter Cazalet (racehorse trainer)

Peter Victor Ferdinand Cazalet DL (15 January 1907 – 29 May 1973) was a British cricketer, jockey, racehorse owner and trainer from Shipbourne, Kent. He played first-class cricket for Kent County Cricket Club and the Marylebone Cricket Club. He served in the Guards Armoured Division during the Second World War, reaching the rank of Major. Post-war, he trained many horses owned by Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother and other notable owners. He was British jump racing Champion Trainer on three occasions.

Personal life
Peter Victor Ferdinand Cazalet was born at Fairlawne, Shipbourne, Kent on 15 January 1907. He was the third son and youngest child of William Marshall Cazalet and Maud Cazalet. His brothers were Edward and Victor; his sister was Thelma. Edward was killed in action in 1916. He was educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford. Cazalet was good at racquet sports and cricket, playing lawn tennis and rackets.

Cazalet's father died on 22 October 1932. Shortly afterwards, it was announced that he would marry Leonora Wodehouse, the stepdaughter of P. G. Wodehouse. They were married at St Giles' Church, Shipbourne on 14 December 1932. His brother Victor was the best man. They had a son, Edward, and a daughter, Sheran. Leonora died in London on 16 May 1944 during a routine operation. Cazalet was given a few days leave to attend her funeral. Leonora was cremated and her ashes were scattered at Fairlawne. A window in St Giles' Church is dedicated to her.

In 1949, Cazalet married Zara Strutt, the former wife of Lord Belper, and daughter of Sir Harry Mainwaring. They had three sons, although one, David, died in infancy. He is commemorated by a silver cross in St Giles' Church. In 1957, Cazalet was nominated for the position of High Sheriff of Kent, a position to which he was appointed in 1960. Zara Cazalet died in 2004 at the age of 87.

Cricket
As a cricketer, Cazalet was a right-handed batsman, sometimes as an opener. Cazalet scored a century in the Eton v Harrow cricket match at Lord's Cricket Ground in July 1926. Wisden Cricketers' Almanack in its 1927 review of public school cricket by H. S. Altham wrote that he had been "at once the most successful and the best" of Eton's batsmen: "He has the quickness of foot and the nicety of timing that one expects in a good racquets player, but his defence was also good and he was clever at forcing the ball to the on." In September of that year, he played at The Oval in a match between the Young Amateurs of Kent versus the Young Amateurs of Surrey. He scored 117. A student at Christ Church, Oxford from the autumn of 1926, Cazalet played first-class cricket regularly in the 1927 season for the Oxford University side. His highest score for the season was 66, which he made twice in consecutive matches. Against Surrey, he shared in a first-wicket partnership of 207 with the dashing Aidan Crawley, who made 150; the innings the following week against Essex was cited by Wisden as the bright part of a disappointing batting performance by the Oxford side. Following these innings, he was awarded his Blue for cricket and appeared in the University Match against Cambridge University, in which he scored 19 and 0.

Cazalet was expected in a preview of the 1928 season in The Times to be one of the mainstays of the Oxford University batting. In a move that was not uncommon at the time, as an established Oxford player he was "stood down" from the early-season match against Kent County Cricket Club, appearing instead for the county side, for whom he was qualified by birth: he responded by scoring 150 against Oxford. In that match, he scored 204 in a partnership with Frank Woolley, who scored 100. The Times commented that Cazalet was not even overshadowed by Woolley. Cazalet returned to the Oxford side for most of the rest of the university cricket season, but was not successful at all, and before the end of June he had lost his place in the side; he was not picked for the 1928 University Match. He then went on a short Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) tour of Ireland in August 1928 in which one of the matches was reckoned as first-class. Cazalet did not play any first-class cricket between 1929 and 1931: he reappeared in two further matches for Kent in 1932 without making much impact. In all, Cazalet played in 22 first-class matches in the period from 1927 to 1932, scoring 744 runs at an average of 21.88 runs per innings. He did not bowl.

Pre-war career
Cazalet started his career as a jockey in point-to-point racing. He came second on Beau Geste at the North Cotswold Hunt in April 1929. In 1930, he moved up to National Hunt racing. He rode Rocquefort II at Haydock Park in December of that year. At this time, Cazalet was building a stable of steeplechasers at Fairlawne. They were trained by Harry Whiteman. Cazalet gave Elizabeth Taylor instruction in horse-riding when she was a girl.

Cazalet rode in the Grand National three times. He rode Master Orange in 1934, and Emancipator in 1935 and 1937.

In November 1937, Cazalet announced he would retire from riding as an amateur jockey due to pressures of his business interrests. He remained an owner, with Whiteman continuing to train his horses. One of Cazalet's final runners before war broke out was at Folkestone, where French Beggar came third on 4 May 1939.

Wartime career
Following the outbreak of war in 1939, Cazalet joined the Royal Artillery. He transferred to the Welsh Guards, along with his friend Anthony Mildmay. In 1941, the Guards Armoured Division was formed under the command of Sir Oliver Leese and Cazalet was transferred to the new unit. The Armoured Guards landed at Arromanches, Manche, France on 25 June 1944 and served as a reconnaissance unit during the push across Europe before the German surrender in May 1945. In February 1945, it was reported that Cazalet had been wounded in action. Both Cazalet and Mildmay were involved in an action at Visselhövede, Lower Saxony, Germany on the night of 18–19 April 1945 in which they were attacked by German Marines. The Guards Armoured Division was disbanded at Rotenburg an der Wümme, Lower Saxony on 9 June 1945.

Post-war career
Cazalet started his career as a racehorse trainer in November 1945. He paid 4,000 guineas for the five-year-old gelding Fisherman's Yarn at Newmarket. Another of his early horses was The Hood, who was entered for a novice hurdle race at Windsor in March 1946. In the 1946–47 season, he had 40 winners, 32 of them ridden by Mildmay.

In 1949, Cazalet and Mildmay stayed at Windsor Castle as guests of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth. It was during their stay that they persuaded the Queen to buy a steeplechaser, which Cazalet would train. An early success was Manicou, who won the King George VI Chase at Kempton Park Racecourse in 1950. Another of the Queen's horses trained by Cazalet was Monaveen, jointly owned with Princess Elizabeth. Following Mildmay's death in May 1950, Cazalet inherited the horses owned by Mildmay and £10,000.

Cazalet also trained the Queen Mother's Devon Loch, who fell on the run-in to the finish line at the 1956 Grand National when 50 yd clear of E.S.B., who won. Devon Loch subsequently failed to finish. His jockey was Dick Francis, who had been designated as Cazalet's first jockey in 1953. He trained over 250 winners for the Queen Mother and was champion trainer three times. Cazalet's personal chef for eight years was Albert Roux.

Cazalet trained Antiar, who won the Ovaltine Hurdle at Fontwell Park Racecourse on 22 December 1962, the last day of racing before The Big Freeze set in. When racing resumed in March 1963, Cazalet had two winners at Newbury on 8 March and four the next day. In the 1964–65 season, Cazalet had a record 82 winners. By 1967, he had had his one thousandth winner. His final runner was Soundless at Doncaster on 24 March 1973.

Death
Cazalet died at Fairlawne on 29 May 1973. He was buried at St. Giles' Church; four of his jockeys carried his coffin. A memorial service was held at the Guards Chapel, Wellington Barracks, London on 15 June. Following his death, Fulke Walwyn was appointed trainer to the Queen Mother.

Fairlawne was inherited by Edward Cazalet. He was unable to continue the racing stable due to his career as a barrister, and later a High Court judge. In 1979, Fairlawne was sold to racehorse owner Khalid Abdullah.