User:Reguyla\Wilhelm Sander



Bernard Julius Wilhelm Sander (* June 14th, 1895 in Aurich - † July 1st, 1934 in Berlin-Lichterfelde) was a Night of the Long Knives victim and former German SA-Führer.

German Empire and the Weimar Republic (1895-1933)
After schooling Wilhelm Sander participated in World War I part. Among his fellow soldiers included, among other things, the later Catholic leader Erich Klausener. After the war, Sander was a member of the Prussian police, from which he was fired after an incident in 1922.

In the late 1920s Sander joined the Nazi movement: he was a member of the NSDAP and SA. No later than 1932, he led a SA Standard in Berlin.

Nazi era
As Karl Ernst in March 1933, a few weeks after coming to power, the Nazi leader of the SA group Berlin-Brandenburg was appointed Sander was employed as chief of staff of the group. In the same year Sander was also taken up again in the Prussian police, but leave at the same time with his recovery because of its tasks the staff of Ernst. He also took on the role of man's connection to the SA group Berlin-Brandenburg Prussian police.

On April 20, 1934 Sander was promoted to the rank of SA Brigade leader.

Murder during the Rohm Putsch
On July 1, 1934 Sander was shot as the second-highest official of the Berlin SA during what became known as Putsch political purge of the Nazi government from the early summer of 1934.

His fate that day the following is known: After the presentation of Heinrich Sander Bennecke traveled in the night of 29 to 30 June 1934 on the occasion of that day in Bad Wiessee recognized at Munich SA leaders meeting with the train to Munich. There he was to his superiors Karl Ernst, who had decided, represented as a representative of the SA group Berlin-Brandenburg due to a longer holiday to Madeira, to which he was about to embark on this day, not even participate in the meeting. At midday on 30 June, he attended a meeting convened by Hitler in the short term all come to Munich higher SA leaders who were not arrested at that time, in the Senate Hall of the Brown House in a speech in part, in which Hitler the dismissal of Ernst Röhm as Chief of Staff of the SA and the arrest of all in an alleged plot by Röhm putsch against him, Hitler, intricate SA leaders announced. Bennecke indicates that he himself had witnessed Sander had been arrested shortly after the end of Hitler's Speech at the exit of the Brown House. Shortly before, he wants to have been Bennecke, make a call in Berlin still asked who would represent the group Berlin-Brandenburg on the planned meeting of leaders. Bennecke concluded later that he would have given up by quoting Sanders name probably unknowingly the cause that in Berlin the order to arrest Sanders was awarded to the short period of time is discussed later in Munich and has led to the arrest Sanders. [2]

According to another source Sander to the events of the 30th of June, experienced and believed in Berlin, the local arrests were a special offer Göring, who had gone mad. Then only will he have tried to travel to Munich to Adolf Hitler to agree by the Berlin events.

Probably in the early morning hours of July 1 Sander was brought to Berlin, where he was shot on the grounds of the cadet school Lichterfelde during 1 July by an SS command. A diary of Joseph Goebbels over a meeting of him with Hitler at noon on 1 July 1934 in the "with the utmost seriousness," "death sentences" were like, suggests that the case Sander was discussed on this occasion. Goebbels noted cursorily: "Seriously, Strasser, Sander, Detten +. One last action, then it's all over. It is difficult, but not be avoided. " [3]

Report a Sopade According to Sander is said to have "extremely cowardly" dazed when shooting in Lichterfelde: He had repeatedly thrown to the ground in the face the firing squad, so he always had erected anew to be, until he finally on have lying ground shot in the face. [4]

The main reason for the execution Sanders must have been to the bar of Karl Ernst its membership, its environment was particularly hard hit by the purge of July 1: So besides Sander were also Ernst's aide Walter von Mohrenschildt, his legal adviser Gerd Voss , his officer Daniel Gerth and his friend Erwin Villain shot.

Afterlife
After his assassination Wilhelm Sander was always with the Reichstag fire linked February 28, 1933. So his name appears especially in the so-called "Ernst Testament" as the one of the alleged backers of the fire to: This document is a first time published in autumn 1934 in French newspapers, allegedly by Karl Ernst few weeks penned before his assassination, political will in which Ernst apparently known to be the main organizer to have been the Reichstag fire. According to the text of the will itself seriously should have made ​​this as a kind of life insurance to protect themselves from the snares of other Nazi leaders by letting hide it in the safe abroad and threatened that his stewards of this, the Nazi leadership compromising document would be handed over to foreign press for publication should he die a violent death. [6]

In the presented at the Ernst Testament description of the alleged backgrounds and of expiry of arson of the Reichstag building states that Sander was the one that the February 28, 1933 as arsonists arrested by the police in the burning Reichstag and executed Dutchman Marinus van der Lubbe in the days before the fire on his role as arsonists (or igniter of a prepared fire source) have prepared (as've Sander the building plan of the Reichstag with Lubbe rehearsed in advance, the courses of action required to arson as often durchexerziert mentally with it until it dominates have, etc.) and that Sander was it brought the van der Lubbe the evening of February 28, the Reichstag building and its penetration was monitored in the same through a window in the restaurant area. [7] In numerous publications such as the White Paper on the shootings from June 30, 1934 was therefore already claimed a few months after Sanders murder that was the reason for his murder during the Rohm affair, that he was the Nazi leadership as unwelcome accomplice of Nazi fire authorship unpleasant. [8]

Since the 1960s, the "Ernst Testament" in historical research is mainly viewed as a forgery. The local assertion that Sander was involved in the Reichstag fire is, therefore refuting the authenticity of the Ernst Testament authors such as Fritz Tobias, Hans Mommsen or Sven Felix Kellerhoff also also rejected as unfounded.