Robert "Sonny" Carson

Robert "Sonny" Carson (also known as Mwlina Imiri Abubadika) (May 22, 1936 &mdash; December 20, 2002), was a U.S. Army Korean War Veteran, civil rights activist, and community leader in Brooklyn New York. Carson was mostly known for his political organizing, and his coordination of public demonstrations in protest of the poor education standards students were subjected to in New York during the 1960s and 70s. He is also known for his popular autobiography, The Education of Sonny Carson (1972), which was made into a 1974 film. Carson is the father of hip-hop artist Professor X.

Biography
Robert Carson was born in 1936 in South Carolina, but moved to Brooklyn as a child. In his youth, Carson joined a street gang called the Bishops. Carson was arrested after robbing a Western Union messenger and was sent to a juvenile-detention center.

Carson fought in the Korean War with the 82nd Airborne Division, where he claimed to have met a Korean soldier who asked him, "Why would a black man fight for a country that would not let you drink from the same water fountain in Mississippi?" This pivotal question led Carson to become a community activist after returning to civilian life.

Following his return to civilian life, Carson enrolled in college, and for a period of time he returned to involvement in illegal activities. However, he soon began working for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), and by 1967 he was the executive director of the Brooklyn CORE. He broke from the organization in 1968, stating that it had not done enough to help African-Americans.

Carson's later founded a group called the Committee to Honor Black Heroes.

Kidnapping conviction
In 1974, Carson was convicted of kidnapping. The kidnapping charges stemmed from Carson's and his codefendants' attempted citizen's arrest of two men that had previously robbed a hotel in the Bedford-Stuyvesant section of Brooklyn. Carson was incarcerated for 15 months in the Sing Sing prison.

Advocate against drug use
In the 1980s Carson became an advocate against drug use, founding a group called "Black Men's Movement Against Crack".

Protesting police brutality
In the 1980s, Carson organized a number of demonstrations protesting police brutality.

Controversies
Carson organized the controversial Family Red Apple boycott of Korean-American owned stores in the Flatbush section of Brooklyn in 1990. He was also involved in the 1991 Crown Heights riot. Carson fared poorly in the mainstream press for his racially discriminatory comments.

Family Red Apple boycott
Carson took a central role in organizing the Family Red Apple boycott, also known as the Flatbush boycott. Carson was investigated by the FBI, under the suspicion that he violated the civil rights of the Korean shopkeepers.

"Antiwhite?"
Carson was charged by his critics for being anti-Semitic. Carson responded, "That's absolutely absurd, 'anti-Semitic.' And so that you don't ask the question, I'm antiwhite. Don't limit my antis to just one group of people." In his autobiography, "The Education of Sonny Carson", however, Carson described successfully working side by side with Americans of Caucasian and Jewish descent during his time in the U.S. Army, the 1960s Civil Rights Movement and the Brooklyn chapter of CORE.

Protest philosophy
Carson's political tactics often involved the use of public protest. His protest philosophy considered disrupting social order to draw attention to the plight of African-Americans. Several of Carson's protests turned violent. In an interview with The New York Times in 1987, Carson said: "You don't give us any justice, then there ain't going to be no peace. We're going to use whatever means necessary to make sure that everyone is disrupted in their normal life."

The Dinkins campaign
Carson was the subject of media scrutiny in 1989, following speculations that the Dinkins mayoral campaign provided payments to Carson. The purpose of the payments was claimed to be either for a "get out of vote" drive organized by Carson, or, as critics maintained, for the assurance that Carson would refrain from staging protests during the campaign. Carson denied keeping campaign funds.

David Dinkins released a statement apologizing for involving Carson in his campaign. Following one of Carson's "Anti-White" statements, Dinkins released a public statement critical of Carson stating: "Sonny Carson's comment represents the kind of bigotry and intolerance I utterly reject and have fought against my whole life. Had such comments come to my attention, he never would have played a role in my campaign."

Death
Carson died on December 20, 2002 at the Manhattan Veterans Affairs Medical Center following a brief illness. He was 66.