Special Troops Battalion, 173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team (United States)

The Special Troops Battalion, 173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team is a special troops battalion of the United States Army headquartered at Caserma Ederle in Vicenza, Italy. It is the organization for the command elements of the 173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team.

The battalion contains the brigade's senior command structure, including its Headquarters and Headquarters Company, as well as communication and support elements. Activated in 2000 from inactivating support units, the Special Troops Battalion deployed with the 173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team to Afghanistan in 2007 until 2008 and again in early 2010.

Organization
The Special Troops Battalion is subordinate to the 173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team and is a permanent formation of the brigade, as the 173rd's command elements are all contained in the STB.

The battalion consists of three companies and the brigade's Headquarters and Headquarters Company. Company A is a Combat Engineer company, Company B is a Military Intelligence company, and Company C is a Signal company. These companies provide services for the other battalions of the 173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team, and as such, all of the companies are Airborne qualified.

History
The Special Troops Battalion was formed as part of a reorganization of the 173rd Airborne Brigade into a modular brigade. The battalion was designed to be the self-contained command component of the brigade, allowing it to function independently of any higher command. The battalion was activated on 8 June 2006. Most of its components were drawn from the 82nd Engineer Battalion, which inactivated on 30 March 2006. On 21 April 2006, a coat of arms and a distinctive unit insignia were approved for the battalion.

On 11 October 2006, the 173rd Airborne Brigade was redesignated as the 173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team (ABCT), as part of the Army's "Unit of Action" modularized unit force restructuring that General Eric Shinseki had originally envisioned. This was a significant change as it signified the ability for the brigade to deploy its forces and sustain itself with its newly integrated support teams. By integrating these support elements, the unit became able to maintain its fighting forces with all that is required to keep the ground soldiers supplied and moving. While most of the brigade remained in Vicenza, Italy through the transition, four of the battalions had to relocate to Bamberg and Schweinfurt, Germany until additional facilities were constructed in the Vicenza area. The 1st Battalion, 508th Infantry was reflagged as 1st Battalion, 503rd Infantry to resume the Vietnam-era lineage of the 503rd Infantry battalions under the 173rd Airborne Brigade. The 1st Battalion, 508th Infantry colors were moved to Ft. Bragg, North Carolina to serve under the 82nd Airborne Division. Immediately after its transformation, the brigade began intensive training in both Germany and Italy to prepare itself for future deployments.

In 2006, the brigade was notified for a second tour of duty in Iraq during 2007–2008, but its deployment plan was changed to Afghanistan in February 2007 when the Pentagon announced that it would relieve the 3rd Brigade Combat Team, 10th Mountain Division along with the 4th Brigade Combat Team, 82nd Airborne Division. In the spring of 2007, the 173rd ABCT again deployed to Afghanistan, as Task Force Bayonet, in support of Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF 07–09), their first deployment as a fully transformed brigade combat team. The brigade was dispersed throughout the east of the country, with units operating in Nangarhar, Nuristan, Kunar, and Laghman Provinces. The 173rd ABCT officially relieved the 3rd Brigade Combat Team, 10th Mountain Division on 6 June 2007.

The 173rd participated in various operations with the objective of ensuring security and subduing Taliban insurgents in the mountainous regions along Afghanistan's border with Pakistan, one of these being Operation Rock Avalanche near the Hindu Kush. Throughout their 15-month deployment, the brigade participated in more than 9,000 patrols throughout the region. Only two weeks before the brigade was to return to Italy, a platoon of 45 soldiers from the brigade stationed in the Dara-I-Pech district was caught in an ambush by 100–200 insurgents, the Battle of Wanat. Though the platoon was able to drive the insurgents back with air support, the fight resulted in 9 soldiers killed and 16 wounded; the deadliest attack on troops in the country since 2005. The brigade repositioned the base three days later. The 173rd's tour ended in July 2008, and the entire brigade returned to Italy by the end of that month.

The brigade began its fourth deployment to Afghanistan in early 2010.

Unit decorations
The Special Troops Battalion, 173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team has never received a unit decoration from the United States military.