Rupert Thorneloe

Lieutenant Colonel Rupert Stuart Michael Thorneloe MBE (17 October 1969 – 1 July 2009) was a British Army officer who was killed in action on 1 July 2009 near Lashkar Gah, Helmand Province in southern Afghanistan. , Thorneloe is the highest-ranking British Army officer to be killed in action since Lt Col 'H'. Jones's death in 1982 during the Falklands War.

Early life and education
Thorneloe was born on 17 October 1969 at Kirtlington, Oxfordshire. He attended Cothill House school, and Radley College in Radley, near Abingdon in Oxfordshire, and the University of Reading in Reading, Berkshire. Thereafter, he trained at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, and graduated with an MA in Defence Studies from King's College London in 2002.

Military career
On 6 September 1991, Thorneloe was commissioned as a second lieutenant on probation in the Welsh Guards on a short service commission. His commission was later confirmed and backdated to 5 August 1989, and promoted to lieutenant with seniority from 5 August 1991. He served in Northern Ireland as a platoon commander, and company second-in-command, and also worked for a year as an intelligence liaison officer for his regiment, liaising with the Royal Ulster Constabulary Special Branch in South Armagh. According to journalist Toby Harnden, Thorneloe played a key role in the British campaign against the IRA's South Armagh sniper and the arrest of four members of one of the sniper teams.

Thorneloe was promoted to captain on 1 April 1995. He switched to a special regular commission on 5 October 1995, and an ordinary regular commission on 18 September 1996, electing to make the Army his permanent career. He was appointed battalion adjutant and, on 30 September 1999, was promoted to major, and posted to Permanent Joint Headquarters, Northwood, where he worked in intelligence analysis. In 2002, Thorneloe studied at the Joint Service Command and Staff College, Shrivenham, and then took command of a company in Bosnia. Later, in 2004, Thorneloe moved to HQ 1st (UK) Armoured Division as Operations Officer.

In 2005, as the division was due to take over the role of Multinational Command South East, Thorneloe was sent to Iraq ahead of the main deployment, and travelled to Basra to begin planning for the transition to Iraqi control. The Times said that the divisional commander Lieutenant General John Cooper "looked on Thorneloe as his right-hand man in analysing and presenting the options in this process". On 8 September 2006, Thorneloe was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire for his service in Iraq. He became military assistant first to the Assistant Chief of the Defence Staff (Policy), Major-General Andrew Stewart, and then to the Secretary of State for Defence, Des Browne.

Thorneloe was promoted lieutenant colonel on 30 June 2008, and became Commanding Officer of his battalion just before it deployed to Afghanistan in 2008 with about 1,000 troops based in Helmand Province.

Death
Thorneloe was killed by the Taliban in Operation Panther's Claw during a resupply mission when an improvised explosive device exploded under his BvS 10 Viking armoured vehicle. The explosion also killed Trooper Joshua Hammond of the 2nd Royal Tank Regiment and injured six other soldiers. The deaths of Thorneloe and Hammond brought the total number of fatalities of British Forces personnel in Afghanistan since 2001 to 171.

, Thorneloe was the next British Army CO and most senior officer to be killed in action since Lt Col 'H'. Jones VC in the Falklands War, and the highest-ranking to die in Afghanistan in post-colonial times, and one of eight British Army commanding officers "killed on operations" since 1948. Across the British Armed Forces, Thornloe was most recent highest-ranking British Commanding Officer to be killed on operations since Wing Commander Nigel Elsdon, No. 27 Squadron RAF on 17/18 January 1991, during the Gulf War.

Thorneloe's death reinvigorated debate over the adequacy of military equipment supplied to British forces in Afghanistan, with charges focusing on the alleged lack of transport helicopters, which forces troops to travel by land and become exposed to Taliban IED attacks, and the inadequate protection offered by Viking armoured vehicles against IEDs and land mines. However, according to The Times's obituary, Thorneloe himself had previously "dismissed suggestions that British Forces in Afghanistan are underresourced, saying, 'The training and kit are outstanding.

Thorneloe's funeral took place on 16 July 2009. At about 11:00 BST (10:00 UTC) the hearse carrying his coffin passed through Aldershot Barracks which was lined with Guardsmen. The hearse then travelled to the Guards Chapel at Wellington Barracks, London. The bearing party consisting of eight members of the Welsh Guards then shouldered the coffin and carried it into the chapel. On his coffin were placed his scabbard, sword, cap, belt and medals along with a wreath of white roses. The service began at 12:45 BST, attended by the Prince of Wales, Duchess of Cornwall, Des Browne, and Thorneloe's family including his father, Major John Thorneloe.

Thorneloe is featured extensively in the book Dead Men Risen: The Welsh Guards and the Defining Story of Britain's War in Afghanistan (Quercus, 2011) by Toby Harnden, which won the 2012 Orwell Prize for Books.