John Green (Medal of Honor)

John Green (November 20, 1825 – November 22, 1908) was a United States cavalry officer, who was awarded a Medal of Honor for his bravery and leadership at the First Battle of the Stronghold during the Modoc War.

Early life
Green, of German birth came to the U.S. at age 6 in 1831. He grew up to become apprenticed to a carpenter on one occasion and to a cabinetmaker, but he did not feel his life was in those lines of work and instead enlisted in the army aged 21.

Military career
Green entered the army in 1846, he fought in the Mexican-American War under General Winfield Scott as a Sergeant of the U.S. Mounted Rifles. He was discharged following the war but re-enlisted in the same regiment in 1852. By the time the American Civil War began, Green was 1st lieutenant. On August 13, 1861 he was promoted to captain and served with the same regiment throughout the war though it was quickly renamed 2nd U.S. Cavalry. He received a brevet to major for service at the battle of Gettysburg and to lieutenant colonel for service during the war.

Following the Civil War Green was promoted to major of the 1st U.S. Cavalry. He fought against the Apache in Arizona for which he would eventually receive a brevet to colonel. He was in command at Fort Klamath, Oregon when the Modoc War began. He received the Medal of Honor during the First Battle of the Stronghold though the U.S. forces were defeated. Colonel Alvan C. Gillem, commanding officer of the 1st Cavalry, assumed command of the expedition against the Modocs. Green commanded a battalion of cavalry and infantry under Gillem during the Second Battle of the Stronghold in which U.S. forces succeeded in capturing Captain Jack's Stronghold. In 1890 Green received a brevet to colonel and brigadier general. He retired in 1889.

Earning the Medal of Honor
At the First Battle of the Stronghold during the Modoc War Green's men displayed a reluctance to fight Modoc warriors, who had been inflicting casualties on their unit. Green left cover, and, standing in full view of the Modoc warriors, proceeded to pace in front of his men, slapping his gloves in his palm for emphasis. Although exposed to enemy fire, Green survived, although he was injured, and remained in command.

Medal of Honor citation
Rank and Organization: Major, 1st U.S. Cavalry. Place and Date: At the Lava Beds, Calif., January 17, 1873. Entered Service At: Ohio. Birth: Germany. Date of Issue: November 18, 1897.

"In order to reassure his command, this officer, in the most fearless manner and exposed to very great danger, walked in front of the line; the command, thus encouraged, advanced over the lava upon the Indians who were concealed among the rocks."