Japanese destroyer Samidare (1935)

Samidare (五月雨) was the sixth of ten Shiratsuyu-class destroyer destroyers, built for the Imperial Japanese Navy under the Circle One Program (Maru Ichi Keikaku).

History
The Shiratsuyu class destroyers were modified versions of the Hatsuharu-class destroyer, and were designed to accompany the Japanese main striking force and to conduct both day and night torpedo attacks against the United States Navy as it advanced across the Pacific Ocean, according to Japanese naval strategic projections. Despite being one of the most powerful classes of destroyers in the world at the time of their completion, none survived the Pacific War. Samidare, built at the Uraga Dock Company was laid down on 19 December 1934, launched on 6 July 1935 and commissioned on 19 January 1937.

Operational history
At the time of the attack on Pearl Harbor, Samidare was assigned to Destroyer Division 2 of Destroyer Squadron 4 of the IJN 2nd Fleet together with her sister ships JAPANESE DESTROYER Murasame, JAPANESE DESTROYER Harusame, and JAPANESE DESTROYER Yudachi, and had sortied from Mako Guard District as part of the "Operation M" (the invasion of the Philippines). From January 1942, Samidare participated in operations in the Netherlands East Indies, including the invasions of Tarakan, Balikpapan and eastern Java. During the Battle of the Java Sea, Samidare engaged a group of Allied destroyers and cruisers. Returning to Subic Bay in the Philippines on 16 March, Samidare assisted in the blockade of Manila Bay and the invasion of Cebu, returning to Yokosuka for repairs in early May. During the Battle of Midway on 4–6 June, Samidare was part of the Midway Occupation Force under Admiral Nobutake Kondō.

From mid-June, Samidare deployed from Kure via Singapore and Mergui for raiding operations in the Indian Ocean, but the operation was cancelled due to reverses suffered by the Imperial Japanese Navy in the Solomon Islands. Samidare was escort for the battleship JAPANESE BATTLESHIP Mutsu at the Battle of the Eastern Solomons on 24 August. For most of the month of September Samidare was escort for the seaplane tender JAPANESE SEAPLANE TENDER Kunikawa Maru, scouting the Solomon Islands and Santa Cruz Islands for potential seaplane bases, returning to Palau as the end of the month. In October, Samidare escorted troop convoys to Guadalcanal, and was slightly damaged in an air strike on 14 October by a near-miss. However, she was still combat-capable and conducted a "Tokyo Express" high speed transport run to Guadalcanal and a gunfire support mission as well as participating briefly in the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands on 26 October under Admiral Takeo Kurita.

After repairs at Truk, Samidare was assigned to the Bombardment Force of Rear Admiral Abe Hiroaki, participating in the First Naval Battle of Guadalcanal on the night of 12–13 November 1942. Although entering combat late in the battle, she assisted in sinking USS Monssen (DD-436) and damaging the cruiser USS Helena (CL-50). After the battle, she rescued the 207 survivors from her sister ship JAPANESE DESTROYER Yudachi, which she unsuccessfully attempted to scuttle with torpedoes.

During the Second Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, on the night of 14–15 November, with her squadron flagship JAPANESE CRUISER Nagara Samidare assisted in sinking USS Benham (DD-397), USS Walke (DD-416), USS Preston (DD-379) and damaging USS Gwin (DD-433). After the battle, she rescued survivors from the sinking Japanese battleship JAPANESE BATTLESHIP Kirishima, reaching Truk on 18 November. At the end of the month, she returned to Yokosuka for repairs. At the end of December, she returned to Truk as escort for the heavy cruiser JAPANESE CRUISER Takao.

In mid-January 1943, Samidare escorted the aircraft carrier JAPANESE AIRCRAFT CARRIER Jun'yō from Truk to Palau and Wewak, and after covering troop evacuation runs out of Guadalcanal in February, was assigned to covering troop transport operations to New Guinea, Kolombangara and Tuluvu through the end of April. In May she returned to Yokosuka as part of the escort for JAPANESE BATTLESHIP Yamato, and was then assigned to northern waters with JAPANESE CRUISER Myōkō and JAPANESE CRUISER Haguro to cover the evacuation of Japanese forces from Kiska. She returned to Yokosuka on 6 August with JAPANESE CRUISER Maya for repairs. In September, Samidare escorted JAPANESE AIRCRAFT CARRIER Taihō and JAPANESE AIRCRAFT CARRIER Chūyō to Truk, and subsequently covered troop evacuations from Kolombangara, escaping an attack by American destroyers on 2 October with minor damage. During the Battle of Vella Lavella on 6–7 October, Samidare torpedoed the USS Selfridge (DD-357). After continuing with troop evacuation missions throughout October, Samidare was in the Battle of Empress Augusta Bay on 2 November. During the battle, Samidare torpedoed USS Foote (DD-511) but suffered medium damage from two shell hits and a collision with her sister ship JAPANESE DESTROYER Shiratsuyu which damaged her bow. She returned to Yokosuka Naval Arsenal for repairs by mid-December.

In April 1944, Samidare escorted troop convoys from Japan to Saipan and on the Truk and Palau. On 27 April, she assisted in the rescue of survivors from the torpedoed cruiser JAPANESE CRUISER Yubari. In May and early June, Samidare covered troop evacuations from Biak and other locations in the Netherlands East Indies. She participated in the Battle of the Philippine Sea on 19–20 June as part of Admiral Takatsugu Jōjima’s task force. In July, she escorted a troop convoy to Okinawa and to Lingga, returning with JAPANESE CRUISER Kinu to Palau in August. However, on 18 August, Samidare ran aground on the Velasco Reef near Palau Island at position 8.16667°N, 134.63333°W. On 25 August, she was torpedoed by the submarine USS Batfish (SS-310). The destroyer broke in two with her stern-section sinking, and the bow-section later destroyed by the Japanese.