HMS Sartine (1778)

HMS Sartine was a French merchant vessel from Bordeaux. The French Navy pressed her into service in 3 August 1778 to assist in the defense of Pondichéry. The British captured her during the Siege of Pondicherry (1778), and took her into service under her existing name. HMS Sartine foundered in action off Kozhikode (Calicut) in November 1780.

Career
In 1775 the shipowner Jacques-Alexandre Laffon de Ladebat (1719 - 1797) decided to finance an expedition to the East Indies in order to take advantage of the opportunity presented by a relaxation of the monopoly on the trade hitherto awarded to the French East India Company at Lorient. He commissioned the construction of a vessel in 1775, the Sartine which left France on 19 September 1776 with instructions to sell her cargo on the Malabar coast, pick up a cargo for China, there pick up a cargo of silks and other textiles for France, and return in 1778. Sartine reached Colombo on 2 February 1777. From there she sailed to Cochin, Mahé, Mangalore, Goa, Surat and Chaoul, then an important trading port about 30 kilometers south of Bombay. On 24 August she sailed for China via Ceylon and the Strait of Malacca. Hurricane damage in October forced the Sartine to abandon the voyage to China and instead to return to Malacca for repairs. By 14 January 1778 Sartine was Pondicherry. From there she made a trading voyage to Karaikal, like Mahé and Pondichéry a French colony. After her return to Pondichéry, the French government requistioned Sartine and armed her for the defense of the colony against the British.

On 10 August 1778, Sartine was part of a squadron under Admiral François l'Ollivier de Tronjoly, which consisted of the 64-gun ship of the line Le Brillant, the frigate La Pourvoyeuse and three smaller ships, Sartine, Lauriston, and Brisson. The French encountered Admiral Edward Vernon's squadron, consisting of HMS Rippon (1758) (Vernon's flagship), HMS Coventry (1757), HMS Seahorse (1748), HMS Cormorant (1776), and the East India Company's ship Valentine, early on the morning. An inconclusive action followed for about two hours in mid-afternoon. The French broke off the action and the British vessels were too damaged to be able to catch them up again. In the action the British suffered 11 men killed and 53 wounded.

Seahorse captured Sartine on 25 August 1778. Sartine had been patrolling off Pondichéry with Pourvoyeuse when they sighted two East Indiamen, which were sailing blithely along, unaware of the outbreak of war. The French vessels gave chase lazily. Sartine's captain, Count du Chaillar, first had to be roused from his bed ashore. The British merchant vessels escaped, but Sartine came too close to Vernon's squadron. He sent Coventry and Seahorse after her and she surrendered after a short action. A French account remarks acidly that she surrendered to a frigate of her own size without a fight. All four Royal Navy vessels in Vernon's squadron shared in the prize money. (Vernon had already sent Valentine off with dispatches.)

The Royal Navy took Sartine into service as the fifth-rate frigate Sartine. She was commissioned on 10 February 1779 under Captain Alexander M'Coy. After his death, Captain Robert Simonton took command in 1780.

Fate
She was lost off Mangalore on 26 November 1780. The British were at war with Hyder Ali, Sultan of Mysore, and Vernon wanted to destroy Hyder Ali's small navy. When the squadron arrived off Callicut Road on 24 November a distant, ineffective engagement ensued. Although the British captured one of Hyder Ali's vessels, the remainder were anchored close to shore. Vernon ordered Simonton to lighten Sartine and move her closer. Simonton, noting that Sartine was already in only three fathoms, was not enthused, but followed orders and by the afternoon she was anchored in shallow water. However, it then became apparent that she was aground. By the afternoon of the next day she was gotten off after some of her guns were thrown overboard. When she anchored in deeper water it was found that she was taking on water. Efforts were made on the 26th to stop the leaks, but they were futile. She flooded and was irrecoverable. Some of her sails, masts, and stores were rescued. The subsequent court martial absolved Simonton of all blame.