Battle of Changsha (1852)

The Battle of Changsha was fought in the early years of the Taiping Rebellion throughout 1852. After defeating Qing forces in Guangxi, the Taipings advanced into neighboring Hunan province. The city is heavily defended and a delay in the Taiping advance allows Qing forces to reinforce the city. The first attempt to advance north was stopped at an ambush at the Suoyi ford in the Xiang River, where over 10,000 Taiping sailors and soldiers were killed.

Taiping army recruited miners from the local area to build siege tunnels in an effort to breach city walls. However, only 3 of the 10 tunnels built end up reaching the walls. Eventually, most of the surrounding area and rivers are captured by the Taiping rebels.

In September, the West King Xiao Chaogui attempted to boost moral by hoisting banners and donning his royal robes on the battlefield, but was spotted by a Qing gunner and killed. With the death of one of the original Kings, by November, Hong Xiuquan called off the siege and Taiping forces continued north down the Xiang river towards Wuchang, Hubei.

Later engagements
In 1855, the Taiping Western Expedition succeeds in capturing Changsha and much of Hunan. However in 1856 Zeng Guofan’s Xiang Army retakes Hunan for the Qing dynasty.