Ivan Galanin

Ivan Vasilievich Galanin (Иван Васильевич Галанин; 25 July 1899–12 November 1958) was a Red Army lieutenant general during World War II.

Galanin was drafted into the Red Army in 1919 and fought as an ordinary soldier in the Russian Civil War. He became an officer during the interwar period and graduated from the Frunze Military Academy. Galanin then served in several staff positions in the Transbaikal Military District and commanded the 57th Rifle Division during the Battles of Khalkhin Gol in 1939. He was promoted to command the 17th Rifle Corps in Ukraine in 1940, and held that position when Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union, began. After leading the corps in the Battle of Uman and the retreat east through Ukraine, he took command of the 12th Army and then the 59th Army. From August 1942 he was deputy command of the Voronezh Front, and in October he took command of the 24th Army, which he led in Operation Uranus. After leading the 70th Army in the Battle of Kursk, Galanin became command of the 4th Guards Army, which he led for the rest of the war, except for a brief period as commander of the 53rd Army. Postwar, he was made deputy commander of a rifle corps, and retired in 1946.

Early life and Russian Civil War
Born on 25 July 1899 in the village of Pokhorovka in Nizhny Novgorod Governorate, Galanin was drafted into the Red Army in April 1919. He was initially sent to the Simbirsk Reserve Regiment as an ordinary soldier. Galanin fought on the Eastern Front with the 296th Rifle Regiment, and from December served with the 2nd Brigade of the 25th Rifle Division. He joined the Communist Party in 1920. In April 1920, he transferred to the 38th VOKhR Battalion of the Urals Cheka. In June, Galanin was sent to study at the 2nd Moscow Infantry Courses. He led a cadet section in the suppression of the Kronstadt rebellion in March 1921.

Interwar period
After graduating from the courses in 1923, Galanin commanded a platoon and a company of the Combined Military School. In October 1928, he became head of a special command, then a company commander of the Moscow Kremlin Commandant's Office. After graduating from Vystrel commander's improvement courses in June 1931, Galanin became a training company commander in the Moscow Proletarian Rifle Division's 2nd Rifle Regiment. He subsequently led a rifle company and battalion of the division and graduated from the Frunze Military Academy in 1936. From November 1937, Galanin served in the Transbaikal Military District headquarters as assistant chief of the 3rd Section of the 1st Staff Department, chief of the 4th Department, and deputy chief of staff of the district. In August 1938, he became commander of the 57th Rifle Division, which he led in the Battles of Khalkhin Gol in 1939. Promoted to Major General in June 1940, Galanin was transferred to the Kiev Special Military District to command its 17th Rifle Corps.

World War II
After Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union, began on 22 June 1941, the corps, part of the 18th Army, fought in the border battles, attempting to repulse the German attack in Right-bank Ukraine. In July the corps, as part of the Southwestern Front and the Southern Front, fought to the west of Stanislav and in the Battle of Uman. Galanin took command of the Southern Front's 12th Army on 25 August, and 2 November he transferred to the Volkhov Front to command the 59th Army. After leading the latter during the Tikhvin counteroffensive, he became commander of the 16th Army's Army Group of Forces in April 1942 on the Western Front.