Portuguese Independent Heavy Artillery Corps

The Portuguese Independent Heavy Artillery Corps (Corpo de Artilharia Pesada Indepedente in Portuguese, Corps d'artillerie lourde portugais in French) or CAPI was a Portuguese railway heavy artillery unit that operated in the Western Front, during World War One.

This was a distinct and independent unit from the much larger and better known Portuguese Expeditionary Corps, which also fought on the side of the Allies in the Western Front.

The CAPI was created after a request from France to a direct help from Portugal in the providing of artillery support for the Western Front. The Portuguese response was the mobilization of a heavy artillery corps.

The unit operated 320 mm, 240 mm and 190 mm railway guns under the control of the French Army.

Most of CAPI's personnel came from the Portuguese Army foot artillery branch, which in Portugal was responsible for manning the heavy guns of the costal and garrison batteries. Other personnel came from the naval artillery.

Organization
The CAPI was made of:
 * Headquarters and staff;
 * Three mixed groups (battalions);
 * Deposit battery.

Each group was composed of three batteries, one of 320 mm guns and the two others either of 190 mm or 240 mm guns.