Russo-Persian War (1651–53)

The Russo-Persian War of 1651–53 was an armed conflict in the North Caucasus, associated with the Safavid plans to strengthen its position in the region and to exclude Russia. Safavid troops and allies (wali (governor) of Dagestan, Khan of Derbent.) made several campaigns to the lands controlled by the Russia. In 1653 Alexis of Russia and the Russian government, which thought about sending the Russian Zaporozhian Army, but did not want to disperse its forces, sent an embassy to Persia for a peaceful settlement of the conflict. Shah Abbas II agreed, stating that the conflict was initiated without his consent.



Other wars
The situation was complicated for both states. Troops of the Mughal Empire attacked the eastern borders of Persia and besieged Kandahar. Persia could not fight on two fronts. Peace was needed, both for Persia and Russia, which was preparing for war with Poland (the Russo-Polish War (1654-67)).

Resolution
In August 1653 courtier Prince Ivan Lobanov-Rostov and steward Ivan Komynin traveled from Astrakhan to Iran. In April 1654 the ambassadors met with the Shah in Iran. As a result of the Russian-Iranian negotiations and compromises, the conflict was extinguished. In October 1654 the "Great Embassy" moved back.

Consequences
The fall of Sunzhensky fortress led to some strengthening of Persia's position. Shah increased the pressure on the Highlanders, and in 1658 announced the construction of two fortresses on lands of Kumyk. This provoked a sharp protest among mountaineers who rebelled against Persia.