Bulo Marer hostage rescue attempt

On 11 January 2013, the French military attempted a rescue operation in Bulo Marer, Somalia to free a hostage known under the code-name "Denis Allex" from Al-Shabaab. The operation failed and Allex was executed in response.

Background
Denis Allex and Marc Aubrière were deployed to Mogadishu, Somalia in 2009 by the French Directorate-General for External Security to train soldiers from the Transitional Federal Government. On 14 July 2009, both men were kidnapped from the hotel at which they were staying by armed men impersonating police. The captors loaded the men into a truck and left the hotel, but a while later the truck broke down. While the truck was incapacitated, the captors were confronted by members of Hizbul Islam, a Somalia militia, who demanded custody of the hostages. The two men were then taken away by fighters from Hizbul Islam and later Allex was transferred to the allied militia, Al-Shabaab. On 25 August 2009, according to his version of events, Aubrière, who was being held in Mogadishu, escaped from his captors in the middle of the night while they slept. He then walked for five hours to the government compound in the city and, from there, was transported back to France. However, Aubrière's account has been disputed as being improbable and it has been suggested that his release was secured after the French government paid a ransom, which the government has denied.

Operation
At around 2:00 AM local time on 11 January 2013, about 50 French Special Forces supported by five helicopters dispatched from the Mistral that had been on an enforced news blackout for weeks assaulted a position in Bulo Marer, Somalia where Denis Allex was being held by members of Al-Shabaab. A fierce firefight lasting 45 minutes ensued and in the process 17 Al-Shabaab fighters and one French soldier were killed. The French military believes that members of Al-Shabaab executed Allex during or soon after the operation. However, Al-Shabaab claimed that Allex was still alive and in its custody.

Additionally, the French military had reported that one soldier was missing; they were almost certain he was killed during the attack. Al-Shabaab claimed that it had captured the missing soldier, who was wounded during the firefight. In addition to the military casualties, four civilians were also reportedly killed during the operation, including a pregnant woman, and others were wounded.

Aftermath
On 13 January 2013, the Somali Federal Government held a press conference, wherein it condemned the Bulo Marer operation as unilateral and carried out without the knowledge or consent of the Somali authorities. The officials also extended their condolences to all the casualties.

The following day, United States President Barack Obama indicated in a War Powers Resolution letter to Congress that US Air Force warplanes had entered Somali airspace in limited support of the French rescue operation. However, he stated that no weapons were used during the raid.

On 14 January 2013, Al-Shabaab posted on their Twitter account a picture of the body of a white man in military uniform, describing him as the "leader" of the failed French commando raid in Somalia. The body was surrounded by captured military gear. Three days later, Al-Shabaab announced, also through Twitter, that Allex had been executed in response to the French operation.