49th Air Division

The 49th Air Division (49th AD) is an inactive United States Air Force unit. Its last assignment was with the United States Air Forces in Europe, based at RAF Sculthorpe, England. It was inactivated on 1 July 1956.

History
The unit's origins begin with its predecessor, the World War II 49th Bombardment Wing (49th BW) was part of Fifteenth Air Force. The 47th BW engaged in heavy bombardment B-24 Liberator operations against Germany.

World War II
The 49th Air Division was established and activated at Columbia Army Airbase, South Carolina in March 1943 as a medium bomber (B-25 Mitchell) operational training wing (OTW). It was reassigned to Greenville Army Airbase, South Carolina in April where it commanded training of B-25 bomb groups in the southeast prior to their overseas deployment.

It was decided to redesignate the wing as the 49th Bombardment Wing (Heavy) and prepare it to command B-24 Liberator heavy bomb groups as part of Fifteenth Air Force in late 1943. Groups assigned to the wing were the 461st and 484th, training at Hammer Field, California and Harvard AAF, Nebraska. After the wing deployed to Bari, Italy in March 1944, a third group, the 451st was transferred to the wing from the 47th Bomb Wing.

As part of Fifteenth Air Force the groups of the 49th BW attacked such targets as oil refineries, marshalling yards, aircraft factories, bridges, and airfields in Italy, Germany, Austria, and Bulgaria. Subordinate units inflicted heavy damage on the oil refineries at Ploesti, participated in the invasion of southern France in August 1944, and supported the final advances of Allied armies in northern Italy in April 1945.

The wing was inactivated in Italy onn 16 October 1945.

Cold War
Beginning in 1947, the 49th served in the Reserve for two years as a B-29 Superfortress organization, during which time it was redesignated as an Air Division and controlled the 100th Bomb Group (later Wing) at Miami AAF and the 380th Bomb Group (later Wing) at MacDill AFB in Florida

As a result of the expansion of the United States Air Forces in Europe, the division moved to England and served as a command and control organization. No combat elements were assigned, but the 20th Fighter-Bomber Wing (RAF Wethersfield); the 47th Bombardment Wing (RAF Sculthorpe) and the 81st Fighter-Bomber Wing at RAF Bentwaters were attached for operations.

The division supervised and participated in numerous training missions such as Quick Shot, Kingpin, and Bear Claw before it was inactivated on 1 July 1956 as a result of a budgetary reduction.

Lineage

 * Established as 49th Bombardment Operational Training Wing (Medium) on 17 March 1943
 * Activated on 31 March 1943
 * Redesignated: 49th Bombardment Wing (Medium) on 18 October 1943
 * Redesignated: 49th Bombardment Wing (Heavy) on 4 December 1943
 * Redesignated: 49th Bombardment Wing, Heavy c. August 1944
 * Inactivated on 16 October 1945


 * Activated in the Reserve as 49th Bombardment Wing, Very Heavy on 20 December 1946
 * Redesignated: 49th Bombardment Wing, Very Heavy on 31 December 1946
 * Redesignated: 49th Air Division, Bombardment on 16 April 1948
 * Inactivated on 27 June 1949


 * Redesignated 49th Air Division on 25 October 1951
 * Activated on 7 November 1951
 * Redesignated: 49th Air Division, Operational on 1 April 1952
 * Redesignated: 49th Air Division (Operational) on 15 November 1954
 * Inactivated on 1 July 1956.

Assignments

 * Third Air Force, 31 March 1943 – c. 3 February 1944
 * Army Service Forces, c. 3 February 1944;


 * Fifteenth Air Force, c. 11 March 1944 – 16 October 1945
 * Continental Air Command
 * Fourteenth Air Force, 20 December 1946
 * Ninth Air Force, 22 December 1948
 * Fourteenth Air Force, 1 February – 27 June 1949


 * Tactical Air Command, 7 November 1951
 * United States Air Forces in Europe
 * Third Air Force, 5 June 1952 – 1 July 1956.

Components

 * Wings:
 * 20th Fighter Bomber: attached 12 February 1952 – 1 July 1956.
 * 47th Bombardment: attached 12 February 1952 – 1 July 1956.
 * 81st Fighter Interceptor (later, 81 Fighter Bomber): attached 1 March 1954 – 1 July 1956.


 * Groups:
 * 100th Bombardment: 29 May 1947 – 27 June 1949.
 * 380th Bombardment: 17 October 1947 – 27 June 1949.
 * 451st Bombardment: c. 6 April 1944 – c.19 June 1945.
 * 461st Bombardment: c. 30 April 1944 – c.1 July 1945.
 * 484th Bombardment: c. 6 April 1944 – c.25 May 1945.

Stations

 * Columbia AAB, South Carolina, 31 March 1943
 * Greenville AAB, South Carolina, c. 28 April 1943 – 2 February 1944
 * Bari, Italy
 * Remained in Italy, possibly at other stations, c. 11 March 1944 – 16 October 1945


 * Miami AAF, Florida, 20 December 1946 – 27 June 1949
 * Langley AFB, Virginia, 7 November 1951 – 21 May 1952
 * RAF Sculthorpe, England, 1 June 1952 – 1 July 1956.

Aircraft

 * B-24 Liberator 1944 – 1945.
 * F-84 Thunderjet 1952 – 1956;
 * RB-45 Tornado 1954 – 1956.