Ministry of Defense (Georgia)

The Ministry of Defense of Georgia (საქართველოს თავდაცვის სამინისტრო, sakartvelos tavdatsvis saministro) is the Georgian government ministry, in charge of Georgian Armed Forces and regulating activities in defense of the country from external threats, preserving territorial integrity and waging wars on behalf of Georgia. The Minister of Defense is appointed and removed from the post by the Commander-in-chief of the Georgian Armed Forces, President of Georgia.

The ministry is currently headed by Mindia Janelidze.

History
In the midst of dissolution of Soviet Union and political turmoil in Georgia in late 1980s, Georgian military played an important role in the struggle for and retaining power. In November 1992, the Parliament of Georgia passed a law creating Council for National Security and Defense. The council reported all its activities to the parliament but was directly subordinate to the head of state and commander in chief of the armed forces. Eduard Shevardnadze was then appointed the Council Chairman. Georgian politicians Jaba Ioseliani and Tengiz Kitovani were appointed deputy chairmen by Shevardnadze while Tedo Japaridze, the Georgian MFA expert on the United States became the chairman's aide. The council had the full right to issue binding resolutions on military and security matters of Georgia. In May 1993, Ioseliani and Kitovani were relieved of their duties in the council and disbanded of their government power bases, allowing Shevardnadze to assume greater power. The Ministry of Defense was established in 1991. When Soviet Union ceased to exist, Georgia was able to retain only a few military assets of the Soviet Army stationed in Georgian SSR with modest amounts of military equipment, most of them obsolescent. Due to Georgian Civil War, the Georgian military shrunk and was limited in resources. Lack of financial resources forced the Georgian government to allocate less money to defense with defense budget being as little as GEL 55 million ($36.7 million) in 1999. There also was lack of coordination between seven independent armed forces which existed in Georgia in 1999, among them the Armed Forces, National Guard of Georgia, Border Guards, Interior Troops, Independent Assault Brigade, Police Special Duties Unit and Special Service for the Protection of the State (SSPS).

By 2005 Georgian government consolidated the seven branches of the defense forces. The National Guard and the Independent Assault Brigade were incorporated into the Georgian Armed Forces under the Ministry of Defense, the Border Guards and Police Special Duties Unit were subordinated to the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The number of the active duty personnel in the Armed Forces was reduced to 15,000. As a part of Georgian foreign and security policy, the government has been trying towards progressive integration into European and Euro-Atlantic political, economic, and security structures. State Ministry for Euro-Atlantic Integration was also created as a part of the process.

According to the amendment to the law on "Approval of the Number of Georgian Military Forces" passed on July 15, 2007 the number of military servicemen in the Georgian Military was increased by 5,000 servicemen bringing the total number to 37,000 military servicemen.

Ministers of War of the Democratic Republic of Georgia (1918–1921)

 * Grigol Giorgadze, May 26, 1918 – February 13, 1919
 * Noe Ramishvili, February 14, 1919 – December 1919
 * Grigol Lordkipanidze, January 1920 – November 1920
 * Parmen Chichinadze, November 1920 – February 25, 1921

People's Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs of the Georgian SSR (1921–1923)

 * Shalva Eliava, September 15, 1921 – November 14, 1923

Ministers of Defense of Georgia (From 1991)

 * Joni Pirtskhalaishvili, September 15, 1991 – January 2, 1992
 * Levan Sharashenidze, January 2, 1992 – May 8, 1992
 * Tengiz Kitovani, May 8, 1992 – May 5, 1993
 * Giorgi Karkarashvili, May 6, 1993 – February 11, 1994
 * Eduard Shevardnadze (acting), February 11, 1994 – April 25, 1994
 * Varden Nadibaidze, April 25, 1994 – April 27, 1998
 * David Tevzadze, April 28, 1998 – February 17, 2004
 * Gela Bezhuashvili, February 17, 2004 – June 10, 2004
 * Giorgi Baramidze, June 10, 2004 – December 17, 2004
 * Irakli Okruashvili, December 17, 2004 – November 10, 2006
 * David Kezerashvili, November 10, 2006 – December 9, 2008
 * Vasil Sikharulidze, December 9, 2008 – August 27, 2009
 * Bachana Akhalaia, August 27, 2009 – July 4, 2012
 * Dimitri Shashkin, July 4, 2012 – October 25, 2012
 * Irakli Alasania, October 25, 2012 – November 4, 2014
 * Mindia Janelidze, November 4, 2014 –

Structure
The ministry is headed by the Minister, aided by the First Deputy and two Deputy Ministers. It consists of four main departments:


 * State Military Scientific-Technical Center "Delta"
 * Military Police Department
 * General Inspection
 * Military Intelligence Department.

The institutions subordinated to the ministry are:


 * State Hydrographic Service
 * Cadets Military Lyceum of Georgia
 * Krtsanisi National Training Center
 * Sachkhere Mountain Training School