Lieutenant-General (United Kingdom)


 * Please see "Lieutenant General" for other countries which use this rank

Lieutenant-General (Lt-Gen) is a senior rank in the British Army and the Royal Marines, although the highest ranking officer in the Royal Marines at present is Major General. It has a NATO code of OF-8, and is the equivalent of a multinational 3 star rank; some British lieutenant-generals sometimes wear 3 star insignia, in addition to their standard insignia, when on multinational operations.

Lieutenant-General is a superior rank to Major-General, but subordinate to a full General. The rank has a NATO rank code of OF-8, equivalent to a Vice-Admiral in the Royal Navy and an Air Marshal in the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the air forces of many Commonwealth countries.

The rank insignia for both the Army and the Royal Marines is a crown over a crossed sabre and baton. Since the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II, the St Edward's Crown, commonly known as the Queen's Crown, has been depicted. Prior to 1953, the Tudor Crown, commonly known as the King's Crown was used.

British Army usage
Ordinarily, lieutenant-general is the rank held by the officer in command of an entire battlefield corps. The General Officer Commanding NATO's Allied Rapid Reaction Corps is a British lieutenant-general. Historically, I Corps and II Corps were commanded by British lieutenant-generals. Additionally, two lieutenant-general appointments also exist within the extant British Army's HQ Land Forces. They are the commander of the Field Army and the commander of Regional Forces. The current Adjutant-General to the Forces and the Chief of Materiel (Land) in Defence Equipment and Support (double-hatted as the Quartermaster-General to the Forces) also hold the rank.

Royal Marines usage
Although the senior appointment in the Royal Marines, the Commandant General, has held the lower rank of major-general since 1996, prior to this date the Commandant General was a lieutenant-general or full general. However, as a few more senior positions in the British Armed Forces are open to officers from different services, Royal Marines officers can and do still sometime reach the rank of lieutenant-general. Lieutenant-General Sir Robert Fry was such an example.

Royal Air Force usage
From 1 April 1918 to 31 July 1919, the Royal Air Force maintained the rank of Lieutenant-General. It was superseded by the rank of Air Marshal on the following day. Although Sir David Henderson was an RAF Lieutenant-General, the then RAF Chief-of-Staff, Sir Hugh Trenchard never held this rank. Additionally, the retired Royal Navy admiral, John de Mestre Hutchison, held an honorary RAF commission in the rank of lieutenant-general.

The RAF lieutenant-general rank insignia was similar to the naval rank insignia for a vice-admiral, with a broad band of gold being worn on the cuff with two narrower bands above it. Unlike the naval insignia the RAF lieutenant-general insignia did not have an executive curl.