Isaak Markovich Khalatnikov

Isaak Markovich Khalatnikov (Исаак Маркович Халатников; born 17 October 1919) is a Soviet-born physicist known for his role in developing the BKL conjecture in general relativity.

Life and career
Khalatnikov was born into a Jewish family in Dnipropetrovsk and graduated from Dnipropetrovsk State University with a degree in Physics in 1941. He had been a member of the Communist Party since 1944. He earned his doctorate in 1952. His wife Valentina was the daughter of Revolutionary hero Nikolay Shchors.

Much of Khalatnikov's research has been a collaboration with, or inspired by, Lev Landau, including the Landau-Khalatnikov theory of superfluidity.

In 1970, inspired by the mixmaster model introduced by Charles W. Misner, then at Princeton University, Khalatnikov, together with Vladimir A. Belinsky and Evgeny Mikhailovich Lifshitz, introduced what has become known as the BKL conjecture, which is widely regarded as one of the most outstanding open problems in the classical theory of gravitation.

Khalatnikov directed the Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics in Moscow from 1965 to 1992. He was elected to the Soviet Academy of Sciences in 1984. He has been awarded the Landau Prize and the Alexander von Humboldt Award, and he is a foreign member of the Royal Society of London.

He is portrayed by Georg Nikoloff in The Theory of Everything.

Honours and awards

 * Order of Merit for the Fatherland, 3rd class
 * Order of the October Revolution
 * Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd class
 * Order of the Red Banner of Labour, three times
 * Order of Friendship of Peoples
 * Order of the Badge of Honour
 * Stalin Prize (1953)
 * Marcel Grossmann Award (2012) "For the discovery of a general solution of the Einstein equations with a cosmological singularity of an oscillatory chaotic character known as the BKL singularity"