Patrick Leonard MacDougall

Sir Patrick Leonard MacDougall, (10 August 1819 – 28 November 1894) was a British General and author. He was born at Boulogne-sur-Mer, France, only son of Lieutenant Colonel Sir Duncan MacDougall (1787–1862) and Anne, daughter of Colonel Cornelius Smelt (1748–1832), Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man.

He married, firstly, Louisa Augusta Napier (third daughter of Sir William Francis Patrick Napier and Caroline Ameila Fox) on 15 July 1844 in Guernsey and following her death on 8 September 1856, he married Marianne Adelaide Miles (born 1834), eighth daughter of Philip John Miles and Clarissa Peach at St George's Hanover Square on 21 June 1860. Marianne was described as "a charming woman and a well-known amateur water-colour artist" by Lady Glover who stayed with them in Canada. There were no children by either marrigae. His first wife's sister Pamela married Philip William Skinner Miles, a son of Philip John Miles.

Educated at a military academy in Edinburgh, then the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, in 1836, he entered the army in the 79th Regiment of Foot, (Cameronian Highlanders). He then served in the 36th (Herefordshire) Regiment of Foot and transferred in 1844 to The Royal Canadian Rifle Regiment. He was promoted Major and Superintendent of Studies at the RMC Sandhurst. At its formation, he was appointed commandant of the Staff College. He was adjutant general of the Canadian militia during the I Canadian raids. He was appointed deputy inspector general of reserve forces in England. He was president of the committee on the localization of the reserve force. He organized the intelligence branch of the quartermaster general's department on its first formation. He served on the quarter master general's staff in the Crimea during the siege of Sebastopol and the capture of Kerteh. He was promoted Colonel by 1861 and ended his service as General.

In 1878, he was appointed commander-in-chief of the British forces in North America. Three times, in 1878, 1881 to 1882, and 1882 to 1883, he was the administrator of the government of Canada in the absence of the Governor General of Canada.

He is the author of several military works: The Theory of War (1856), Campaigns of Hannibal (1858), Modern Warfare as influenced by Modern Artillery (1864), The army and its reserves (1869), and Modern infantry tactics (1873).

He died in 1894 at Kingson Hill, London having lived with his second wife at 22 Elvaston Place, London and Melbury Lodge, Kingston Hill, Surrey. He is buried at East Putney Cemetery.

Awards
He was awarded the medal and clasp for Sebastopol and the Turkish medal. Created KCMG 1877.