Werner Hartmann

Captain Werner Hartmann (11 December 1902 – 26 April 1963) was a German U-boat commander in World War II. He sank 26 ships, amounting to over sunk, making him the 25th most successful U-boat commander of the war. He was also a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub). The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership.

Career
Werner Hartmann began his naval career with the Reichsmarine of the Weimar Republic on 1 April 1921 as a member of "Crew 1921" (the incoming class of 1921). He went on to serve as commander of the torpedo boats Seeadler and Albatros, before transferring to the U-boat arm in 1935. As commander of GS U-26 (1936) he patrolled Spanish waters during the Civil War in 1937–38 with Günther Prien as his first watch officer. From January–May 1940 Hartmann was commander of both GS U-37 (1938) and 2nd U-boat Flotilla, but directing U-boats while at sea proved inefficient, and the Befehlshaber der U-Boote ("U-boat High Command") decided henceforth to direct the U-boats from land. After three patrols, and sinking 19 ships totalling 78,559 GRT, Hartmann received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. His senior officers on his four patrols on  U-37 were future Knight's Cross winners, first watch officer Oberleutnant zur See Ernst Bauer (two patrols) and later Oberleutnant zur See Nicolai Clausen (two patrols), second watch officer Leutnant zur See Gustav Poel and chief engineer Oberleutnant (Ing.) Gerd Suhren.

Hartmann then moved to the BdU as a staff officer, and in November 1940 became commander of the 2nd ULD (U-boat Training Division). A year later he took command of the 27th U-boat Flotilla in Gotenhafen. In November 1942 he took command of the large Type IXD GS U-198 for a patrol to the Indian Ocean lasting 200 days, the third longest patrol ever undertaken, and sank 7 ships totalling 36,778 GRT. In 1944 Hartmann became Führer der U-Boote Mittelmeer ("Commander of U-boats in the Mediterranean") and in this post received the Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves.

After the war he joined the Bundesmarine on 1 July 1956, commanding the 1. Schiffsstammregiment (1st Naval training regiment) in Glückstadt, retiring on 1 April 1962. He died in 1963.

Ships attacked
As a U-boat commander of GS U-37 (1938) and GS U-198 Werner Hartmann is credited with the sinking of 26 ships for a total of.

Awards

 * Wehrmacht Long Service Award 4th and 3rd Class (2 October 1936)
 * Wehrmacht Long Service Award 2nd Class (1 April 1939)
 * Iron Cross (1939)
 * 2nd Class (8 November 1939)
 * 1st Class (8 November 1939)
 * U-boat War Badge (1939) (7 December 1939)
 * with Diamonds (November 1944)
 * Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
 * Knight's Cross on 9 May 1940 as Korvettenkapitän and commander of U-37
 * 645th Oak Leaves on 5 November 1944 as Kapitän zur See and leader of the U-Boote in the Mediterranean Sea, before commander of U-198
 * Mentioned twice in the Wehrmachtbericht on 1 March 1940 and 19 April 1940