German submarine U-563

German submarine U-563 was a Type VIIC U-boat of the Nazi German Kriegsmarine during World War II.

She carried out eight patrols.

She sank three ships, total 14,689 GRT; and one warship of 1,870 tons. Two ships were damaged, totalling 16,266 GRT.

She was a member of nine wolfpacks.

She was sunk by Allied aircraft in the Bay of Biscay, in May 1943.

Service history
The submarine was laid down on 30 March 1940 at Blohm & Voss, Hamburg as 'werk' 539, launched on 5 February 1941 and commissioned on 27 March under the command of Oberleutnant Klaus Bargsten.

She served with the 1st U-boat Flotilla from 27 March 1941 for training and stayed with that organization for operations.

1st patrol
U-432's first patrol was from Kiel in Germany, she headed for the Atlantic Ocean via the 'gap' separating the Faroe and Shetland Islands.

She arrived at Brest in occupied France, on 10 September 1941.

2nd patrol
Having left Brest on 4 October 1941, U-563 was unsuccessfully attacked by a Bristol Blenheim a day later west of Brittany.

She then sank the British destroyer HMS Cossack west of Gibraltar on 24 October 1941, but was attacked by another British ship, the corvette HMS Heliotrope west of Cape St. Vincent on the 25th. Although forced to submerge, the boat did not sustain any damage.

3rd patrol
On 30 November 1941, U-563 was attacked by an Armstrong Whitworth Whitley of No. 502 Squadron RAF in the Bay of Biscay. The damage was serious enough that the submarine could not dive and the commander was wounded, obliging the boat to return to Germany for repairs.

4th and 5th patrols
For her fourth sortie, U-563 again put out into the Atlantic, sailing west of Ireland. She then turned northeast for the 'gap' between the Faroe and Shetland Islands. She arrived at Bergen in Norway on 3 February 1942.

Her fifth patrol, following short trips to Hamburg and Kiel, was in many respects, her fourth outing in reverse - starting in Kiel and finishing in Brest.

6th patrol
She departed Brest on 9 December 1942 and sank the Bretalda about 330 mi west northwest of Cape Finisterre (northwest Spain) on the 18th. The boat returned to Brest on 14 January 1943.

7th patrol
U-563 was attacked by a Bristol Beaufighter on 22 March 1943 which caused only slight damage. The boat damaged the Sunoil with a torpedo on 5 April; this ship was subsequently sunk by U-530. U-563 was then attacked on the 7th by a B-24 Liberator of 86 Squadron. Damage was slight, but two men were lost when the submarine crash-dived.

On her most successful day, 12 April 1943, the boat sank the Pacific Grove and damaged the Fresno City southeast of Cape Farewell (Greenland). The Fresno City was sunk later that day by U-706. U-563 also sank the Dutch ship Ulysses in the same area.

8th patrol and loss
The boat left Brest for the last time on 29 May 1943. On the 31st, she was sunk by two British Handley Page Halifaxes of 58 Squadron and an Australian Sunderland flying boat of No. 228 Squadron RAF.

Forty-nine men died with U-563; there were no survivors.