Commanding General of the United States Army

Prior to the institution of the Chief of Staff of the United States Army in 1903, there was generally a single senior-most officer in the army. From 1783, he was known simply as the Senior Officer of the United States Army, but in 1821, the title was changed to Commanding General of the United States Army. The office was often referred to by various other titles, such as "Major General Commanding the Army" or "General-in-Chief."

From 1789 and until its abolishment 1903, the Commanding General was subordinate to the Secretary of War, although this was at times contended.

The position was abolished with the creation of the statutory Chief of Staff of Army in 1903.