Peace Agreement of Hat Yai (1989)

The Peace Agreement of Hat Yai (1989) marked the end of the Communist insurgency in Malaysia (1968–89). It was signed and ratified by the Malayan Communist Party (MCP), and the Malaysian and Thailand governments at the Lee Gardens Hotel in Hat Yai, Thailand, on 2 December 1989.

Background
The Malayan Communist Party began to lose authority in Malaysia after the collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe and the fall of the Berlin Wall. Losses in Peninsular Malaysia worsened the party's position and forced it to negotiate peace. The MCP realized that they no longer had a place to seek sanctuary, not even in Peninsular Malaysia. The deal was brokered by Thai authorities in collaboration with the Malaysian government.

The peace agreement required the MCP to disband its armed units, cease militant activity, destroy its weapons and pledge loyalty to His Majesty the Yang di Pertuan Agong of Malaysia. After 40 years, 5 months and 26 days (since the start of the Malayan Emergency, from 16 June 1948 to 2 December 1989), the MCP insurgency had ended.

Signatories
The following delegates were present at the signing of the agreement in 1989:

Malaysian delegation

 * Wan Sidek Wan Abdul Rahman (Ministry of Home Affairs Secretary General)
 * General Hashim Mohd Ali (Malaysian Armed Forces Chief)
 * Mohammed Hanif Omar (Royal Malaysian Police, Inspector General of Police)

Thai delegation

 * Anek Sithipresasana (Minister of Interior Permanent Secretary)
 * General Chavalit Yongchaiyudh (Internal Security Operations Command [ISOC] Deputy Director)
 * General Sawaeng Therasawat (Royal Thai Police Director General)
 * Lieutenant General Yoodhana Yamphundu (4th Region ISOC)

Malayan Communist Party delegation

 * Chin Peng (MCP Secretary General)
 * Abdullah CD (MCP Chairman)
 * Rashid Maidin (MCP Central Committee Member)

Aftermath
After the signing of the 1989 peace agreement, the Malayan Communist Party was dissolved. Former members of the MCP were resettled in four villages known as Kampung Aman (Peace Village). A total of 330 former MCP members were allowed to return to Malaysia.

Those MCP members who settled in South Thailand became farmers, livestock breeders, and traders. They were able to adapt to the new environment and assimilate into the local community.

Members of The Communist Party of Malaya (CPM-ML), a splinter group of the MCP, were resettled in a Friendship Village in South Thailand known as Chulaborn Village. CPM-ML members who wanted to return to Peninsular Malaysia were required to comply with several conditions set by the government of Malaysia before being able to settle in the state of their choice.