Space Surveillance Telescope

Space Surveillance Telescope is a telescope for detecting and tracking orbital debris. It has a 3.5 meter (138″) aperture mirror and came online in 2011.

DARPA Space Surveillance Telescope program


The Space Surveillance Telescope program (SST) is DARPA's ground based, advanced, optical system  for detection and tracking of faint objects in space such as asteroids. It is also to be employed for space defense missions. The program is designed to advance, or expand, space situational awareness, and be able to quickly provide wide area search capability.

Telescope
The large curved focal surface array sensors are considered to be an innovative design. It encompasses improvements in detection sensitivity, has short focal length, wide field of view, and improvements in step-and-settle abilities.

SST detects, tracks, and can discern small, obscure objects, in deep space with a "wide field of view system". It is a single telescope with the dual abilities. First the telescope is sensitive enough to  allow for detection, also, of small, dimly lit objects (low reflectivity). Second it is capable of quickly searching the visible sky. This combination is a difficult achievement in a single telescope design.

It is a Mersenne-Schmidt design with an F/1.0 aperture and a 3.5 meter primary mirror. It uses an arrays of charge-coupled device (CCD) sensors, arranged on a curved focal plane array. The SST mount uses a advanced servo-control technology, that makes it one of the quickest and most agile telescopes of its size. These features allow the system to conduct multiple searches throughout the night, including the entire geosynchronous belt within its field. As a telescope system, it can give precise locations of discovered objects, extrapolate the course of the object, and indicate the objects stability.

The US Air Force ultimately took over the program, and integrate the SST as a sensor in the Space Surveillance Network of the Air Force Space Command in 2009.

Location
The SST was initially deployed for testing and evaluation at the White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico. On December 6 2013, it was announced that the telescope system would be moved to the Naval Communication Station Harold E. Holt in Exmouth, Western Australia, as part of the Australia-U.S. Space Situational Awareness Initiative. From there it will able to observe the Southern Celestial Hemisphere and collect data for the US Space Surveillance Network. The SST systems is expected to be operational in 2016.