List of military legions

This list of military legions is in chronological order where possible. In modern times, most units using the name "legion" were composed of soldiers from a specific ethnic, national, religious or ideological background, and that background is often specified in the legion's name.

Ancient Rome

 * List of Roman legions
 * Theban Legion, a Roman legion whose members, according to a long-lasting tradition, were massacred for their Christian beliefs

Eighteenth century

 * British Legion (American Revolution) (1778-1783), made up of Loyalist American infantry and cavalry
 * Lee's Legion (1776-1783), an infantry and cavalry unit of the American Continental Army
 * Legion of the United States (1792-1796), an early United States land force

French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars

 * Batavian Legion, Dutch supporters of the French Revolution in 1793
 * Legion Belge, Belgian volunteers fighting on the side of the Republicans in the French Revolution
 * Irish Legion, a French battalion established in 1803 for a future invasion of Ireland
 * King's German Legion, a British Army unit of expatriate German personnel that fought against the French during the Napoleonic Wars
 * La Legion Noire (The Black Legion), a military unit of the French Revolutionary Army
 * Polish Legions (Napoleonic period), Polish units in the service of Napoleonic France

Nineteenth century

 * British Legion (1835), a British military force sent to Spain to support the Liberals and Queen Isabella II against the Carlists in the First Carlist War
 * Academic Legion (Vienna), a revolutionary students' group in Vienna in 1848
 * International Legion, a military force formed by Garibaldi in 1860 during the wars of Italian unification
 * Nauvoo Legion, a significant militia in early Mormon history
 * List of American Civil War legions, both Confederate and Union

World War I

 * Czechoslovak Legions, Czech and Slovak volunteer forces fighting on the Triple Entente side
 * French Armenian Legion, part of the French Army; also involved in the Franco-Turkish War of 1920-1921
 * Georgian Legion (1914–1918), a unit of the German Army recruited from Georgians
 * Infantry Regiment of the Academic Legion, formed by volunteer Polish students in 1918, later taken into the regular Polish Army
 * Italian Legione Redenta, an Italian military formation that participated in the Siberian Intervention during the Russian Civil War
 * Jewish Legion, in the British Army at Gallipoli and Palestine
 * Polish Legion in Finland, fighting for the Finns against the Russians
 * Polish Legions in World War I, part of the Austro-Hungarian Army
 * Puławy Legion, a Polish formation that was part of the Imperial Russian Army
 * Legion of Ukrainian Sich Riflemen, a corps of the Austro-Hungarian Army

World War II

 * Armenian or Armenische Legion, name given to the 812th Armenian Battalion of the German Army, made up largely of Armenian Red Army prisoners of war
 * Blue Legion, Spaniands fighting on the German side
 * Condor Legion, a unit of "volunteers" from the German Luftwaffe serving with the Nationalists during the Spanish Civil War
 * Crna Legija (Black Legion), the name given to the 1st and 5th Croatian Ustaše Brigades
 * Estonian Legion, a unit in the Waffen SS Verfügungstruppe created in 1942, mainly consisting of Estonian soldiers
 * Légion Française des Combattants (French Legion of Fighters), pro-Nazi French
 * Legion of French Volunteers Against Bolshevism (LVF), pro-Nazi French
 * Georgian Legion (1941–1945), a unit of the German army recruited from Georgians
 * Indische Legion, also known as the Free India Legion or the Tiger Legion, an Indian unit raised in 1941 and attached to the German Army
 * Latvian Legion, a formation of the Waffen-SS created in 1943 and consisting primarily of ethnic Latvians
 * Legion of St. George, the original name of the British Free Corps
 * Ostlegionen (literally "Eastern Legions"), conscripts and volunteers from the occupied eastern territories recruited into the German Army
 * La Légion Tricolore, a pro-Nazi French unit which was absorbed into the LVF after six months
 * Volga Tatar Legion, one of several units formed by the Wehrmacht out of Soviet prisoners of war according to their ethnicity

Other

 * Arab Legion (al-Jaysh al-Arabī) (1920-1956), the regular army of Transjordan, predecessor of the present Jordanian Army
 * Foreign legion (disambiguation)
 * Polish Legions (disambiguation), eleven units at different times between the 18th and 20th centuries (some of which are listed separately above)
 * Spanish Legion, an elite unit of the Spanish Army (1920-present)