Geng Biao

Geng Biao (August 26, 1909 – June 23, 2000) was a senior official in the Communist Party of China (CPC) and a leader in Chinese politics, foreign relations and military.

Early life
Geng was born in Liling, Hunan Province of China, and was a child worker in a lead-zinc mine in Shuikoushan, south of Hengyang City in 1922. He joined Communist Youth League of China in Shuikoushan in 1925. In 1926, he led a miners' military campaign and failed. He then organized and led a militia in Liuyang in 1928. In August of the same year, he joined CPC.

Red Army
In September 1930, his forces merged into the Third Corps of the Red Army's First Army Group and he became the staff of 9th division of Third Corps. In 1933, he became the head of the 4th regiment, 2nd division of the Red First Front Army. On 10 October 1934, he embarked on the Long March as the pioneer of 2nd division and, in the beginning of 1935, seized a critical military fortress at Loushanguan in Guizhou Province. As a result, he was promoted to the chief of staff of the 1st division of Red 1st Front Army after Zunyi Conference. After arrival in northern Shaanxi, he was severely wounded in combat. In 1936, he graduated from the University of Anti-Japan Military of Politics and was appointed the chief of staff of the Fourth Corps of the Red Fourth Front Army. The Fourth Corps had just arrived in northern Shaanxi having been commanded by Zhang Guotao, and Geng took control of the unit.

Sino-Japanese War
After outbreak of Second Sino-Japanese War, he became the chief of staff, deputy head and deputy political commissar in 385 brigade, 129 division of Eighth Route Army. His army occupied East Gansu Province, responsible for the safety of west border of Shaan-Gan-Ning Region. He entered the school of the CPC's central committee. After graduation, he wen to Jin-Cha-Ji Region and became a military leader there. He led his army to seize Zhangjiakou in 1945.

Chinese Civil War
In 1946, Geng accompanied Ye Jianying to participate in the Beiping Military Conciliatory Commission, initiated by General George C. Marshall to promote and prevent the outbreak of civil war between the Chinese Communists and Nationalists. Geng was the vice chief of staff of CPC's delegates. After the conciliation failed, he went back to Jin-Cha-Ji Region and became the chief of staff of the Field Army in the military region. In 1948, he was appointed as the vice commander of the second army group in North China Military Region. He fought in Pingjin Campaign and the capture of Taiyuan.

Political career
After the formation of People's Republic of China, Geng was appointed as the ambassador to Sweden, and minister to Denmark and Finland on 9 May 1950. He was also the ambassador to Pakistan, Myanmar and Albania. He returned to China in 1971, and became the head of CPC's central foreign communication department, in charge of CPC's relations with foreign parties.

On 6 October 1976, he was ordered to take control of the broadcast and TV stations in Beijing, during the putsch against Gang of Four. Subsequently, he supervised the propaganda efforts of the CPC. In 1978, he was appointed as vice-premier of the State Council, in charge of foreign relations, military industry, civil airlines and tourism. In January 1979, he became the secretary-general and member of Standing Committee of CPC's Central Military Commission.

In 1981, he became the Minister of National Defense, and became state councilor the following year. In 1983, he became vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, and chairmen of foreign relation committee in PNC. He was also a member of Standing Committee of CPC's senior consultative committee. He was awarded First-Class Red Star Medal.

He died on 23 June 2000 in Beijing.