Fokker 100

The Fokker 100 is a medium-size twin-turbofan airliner from Fokker. Low operational costs and scant competition in the 100-seat short-range class led to strong sales when it was introduced in the late 1980s, but sales fell as competition increased. Production ended in 1997 with 283 airframes delivered. In July 2012, 156 Fokker 100 aircraft remained in airline service with 30 airlines around the world. It was the largest jet airliner built by Fokker before its bankruptcy in 1997.

Design and development
The Fokker F28 Mk 0100 program was announced in 1983 as an updated replacement for Fokker's popular, but superseded F28 Fellowship design. Marketed as the Fokker 1000 the design was based on the original F28 but features modern avionics, new generation Rolls-Royce Tay turbofan engines and a redesigned wing. However the most noticeable difference was the longer fuselage, which increased seating by 65% from 65 in the original F28 series to a maximum of 107 in a three-by-two single-class arrangement. The new wing is claimed by Fokker to be 30% more efficient in cruise, while still keeping the simplicity of a fixed leading edge. The cockpit was updated with a Rockwell Collins DU-1000 EFIS. Like the Fokker Fellowship, the Fokker 100 features twin rear fuselage-mounted engines and a T-tail, similar to that of the Douglas DC-9 family. The Fokker 100 does not have eyebrow windows above the main cockpit windows as on the Fokker F28.

Two prototypes were built - the first, PH-MKH, flew for the first time on 30 November 1986, and the second, PH-MKC, followed on 25 February 1987. The type certificate was awarded in November 1987. The first deliveries of the Tay 620-15 powered versions started to Swissair in February 1988. American Airlines (75 aircraft ordered), TAM Transportes Aéreos Regionais (now TAM Airlines) (50 aircraft) and USAir (40 aircraft) were major customers of the Fokker 100 and their aircraft were powered by the more powerful Tay 650-15.



Operational history
By 1991, Fokker had produced 70 units and had orders for more than 230. An extended-range version with additional fuel tanks in the wings was introduced in 1993, and a quick-change passenger/freighter version in 1994, the 100QC. A shorter version was introduced in 1993 as a replacement for the earlier F28, known as the Fokker 70, which removed 4.70 m (15.42 ft) of the fuselage and reduced seating to 80. Studies on the 130 seat Fokker 130 and the Fokker 100QC (freighter) did not reach further stages of development. A Fokker 100EJ (Executive Jet) was introduced in 2003 as a conversion from used Fokker 100 aircraft.

Although the design was a success in the marketplace, Fokker continued to lose money due to mismanagement. Eventually their parent company, Daimler Benz Aerospace, shut them down. Fokker collapsed in 1996 and wound up production in early 1997. There had been some discussion about the company being purchased by Bombardier, but the plans fell through.

An Amsterdam-based group, Rekkof Restart (Rekkof is Fokker spelled backwards) negotiated to re-open the Fokker 70 and 100 lines in 1999, but the deal never completed. Stork B.V. acquired the maintenance business for the aircraft and operated it under the name "Fokker Aviation".

Like any number of designs, the 70/100 was being increasingly squeezed from below by stretched versions of the Bombardier and Embraer regional jets, which also killed off plans for the Fairchild Dornier 528JET/728JET/928JET and an unnamed design from ATR. A proposed stretch version called the Fokker 130 was never built.

From 2014 the French DGA Essais en Vol used a Fokker 100 as a flying test bed. It replaced former Dassault Mystère XX's business jet. This Fokker 100 is a former Régional's aircraft. It's called ABE-NG, for Avion Banc-d'Essais de Nouvelle Génération.

Operators
As of March 2014, 160 aircraft are still in operational use with airlines.


 * Air Niugini (7)
 * Air Panama (2)
 * Alliance Airlines (17)
 * Austrian Airlines (15)
 * Avianca Brasil (13)
 * Bek Air (5)
 * Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation (1)
 * Carpatair (2)
 * Caspiy (2)
 * Greenland Express (2) (Operated by Denim Air)
 * Helvetic Airways (6)
 * Iran Air (12)
 * Iran Aseman Airlines (16)
 * Kish Air (3)
 * Mjet Aviation (3)
 * Moldavian Airlines (1)
 * Network Aviation (12)
 * Montenegro Airlines (5)
 * Naft Airlines (4)
 * Pelita Air (10)
 * PGA Portugália Airlines (6)
 * Qeshm Airlines (4)
 * Government of Ivory Coast (1)
 * Skippers Aviation(Australia) (1)
 * Virgin Australia Regional Airlines (11)
 * Trade Air (3)
 * Transwisata Air (1)

Former operators

 * Aero Mongolia
 * Air Berlin
 * Air Europe
 * Air Express
 * Air France
 * Air Gabon
 * Air Greece
 * Air Inter
 * Air Littoral
 * Air UK
 * KLMuk
 * AirQuarius Aviation
 * American Airlines
 * Avianca
 * Blue Line
 * BMI/British Midland
 * Brit Air
 * Canadian Airlines (as Canadian Régional)]]
 * CCM Airlines
 * Contact Air
 * Cosmic Air
 * Croatia Airlines
 * EUjet
 * Flight West Airlines
 * Germania
 * Girjet
 * Intair
 * Inter Airlines
 * Iran Air Transport
 * Jetsgo
 * Kish Air
 * KLM Cityhopper
 * Korean Air
 * Kostar Airlines
 * Mandarin Airlines
 * Merpati Nusantara Airlines
 * Mexicana
 * Midway Airlines
 * Moldavian Airlines
 * OLT Jetair
 * Palair Macedonian Airlines
 * Régional
 * Royal Brunei Airlines
 * Royal Swazi National Airlines
 * SAM
 * Sempati Air
 * Slovak Airlines
 * Sol del Paraguay
 * Swissair
 * TABA
 * TAM Airlines
 * TAM Airlines (Paraguay)
 * TAT European Airlines
 * Uair
 * US Airways (formerly USAir)
 * Yeongnam Air

Aircraft on display

 * Ex-KLM Cityhopper PH-OFA Preserved at Lelystad Airport at the Aviodrome
 * Ex-KLM Cityhopper PH-OFE Preserved at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol on visitor's terrace
 * Ex-TAM Linhas Aéreas PT-MRL Preserved at QSC in retro scheme, at TAM's Museum
 * Unknown Fokker 100 preserved in Breda on the roof of Stolwerk Metaal BV

Specifications

 * Notes: Data are provided for reference only. Tay 620=Rolls-Royce Tay Mk 62015 and Tay 650=Rolls-Royce Tay Mk 65015
 * Sources: airliners.net, aer.ita.br