Kingdom of Dalmatia

The Kingdom of Dalmatia (Kraljevina Dalmacija, Königreich Dalmatien; Regno di Dalmazia) was an administrative division (kingdom) of the Habsburg Monarchy from 1815 to 1918. Its capital was Zadar.

History
The Kingdom of Dalmatia was formed from territories of the Illyrian Provinces that the Habsburg Monarchy conquered from the French Empire in 1815. It remained a separate administrative division of the Habsburg Monarchy until 1918 when its territory — except Zadar, its territory and the island of Lastovo, annexed to Italy — became part of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later Kingdom of Yugoslavia). As a result of the Vidovdan Constitution (in 1921), the majority of the Kingdom was divided into the Split Oblast and Dubrovnik Oblast, with the Bay of Kotor being administratively split to the largely Montenegrin Zeta Oblast.

1880
The 1880 Austrian census recorded following ethnic groups in the Kingdom:
 * 371,565 Croats
 * 78,714 Serbs
 * 27,305 Italians

1900
The 1900 Austrian census:
 * 496,966 Catholics
 * 96,279 Orthodox
 * 539 Others

By language:
 * Serbo-Croatian: 565,300 (95,2%)
 * Italian: 15,300 (2,6%)
 * German: 2,300 (0,4%)
 * Others: 10,900 (1,8%)
 * Total: 593,800

By religion:
 * Roman Catholics: 469,800
 * Eastern Orthodox: 96,300

Adjusted data, by ethnic groups:
 * Croats: ca. 475,000
 * Serbs: ca. 95,000
 * Italians: 15,300
 * Others

1910
According to A.J.P. Taylor :
 * 510,000 Croats and Serbs
 * 16,000 Italians

According to the official 1910 Austrian census:
 * 539,057 Catholics
 * 105,332 Orthodox
 * 1,257 Others


 * 610,649 Croats and Serbs
 * 18,028 Italians
 * 3,081 Germans
 * 3,077 Others

Cities
The major cities were (1900):
 * Zadar the capital, with 32,506  inhabitants
 * Split     (27,198)
 * Šibenik (24,751)
 * Dubrovnik (13,174)

Districts
Dalmatia consisted of 13 districts, whose capitals were:
 * Benkovac
 * Dubrovnik
 * Hvar
 * Imotski
 * Knin
 * Korčula
 * Kotor
 * Makarska
 * Metković
 * Sinj
 * Split
 * Šibenik
 * Zadar

Religion
The Roman Catholic archbishop had his seat in Zadar, while the diocese of Kotor, diocese of Hvar, diocese of Dubrovnik, diocese of Šibenik and diocese of Split were bishoprics. At the head of the Orthodox community stood the bishop of Zadar.

The use of Croatian-Slavonic liturgies written in the Glagolitic alphabet, a very ancient privilege of the Roman Catholics in Dalmatia and Croatia, caused much controversy during the first years of the 20th century. There was considerable danger that the Latin liturgies would be altogether superseded by the Glagolitic, especially among the northern islands and in rural communes, where the Slavonic element is all-powerful. In 1904 the Vatican forbade the use of Glagolitic at the festival of SS. Cyril and Methodius, as likely to impair the unity of Catholicism. A few years previously the Slavonic archbishop Rajcevic of Zara, in discussing the "Glagolitic controversy", had denounced the movement as "an innovation introduced by Panslavism to make it easy for the Catholic clergy, after any great revolution in the Balkan States, to break with Latin Rome."

Governors

 * Franjo Tomašić (1815–1831)
 * Wenzeslau Lilienberg Water (1831–1841)
 * Ivan August Turszky (1841–1847)
 * Matija Rukavina (1847)
 * Josip Jelačić (1848–1859)
 * Lazar Mamula (1859–1865)
 * Josip Filipović (1865–1868)
 * Johann Wagner (1868–1869)
 * Gottfried Auersperg (1869)
 * Julius Fluk von Leidenkron (1869–1870)
 * Gavrilo Rodić (1870–1881)
 * Stjepan Jovanović (1882–1885)
 * Ludovik Comaro (1885–1886)
 * Dragutin Blažeković (1886–1890)
 * Emil David (1890–1902)
 * Erasmus Handel (1902–1905)
 * Nicola Nardelli (1905–1911)
 * Mario Attems (1911–1918)

Dalmatian Parliament
The Kingdom of Dalmatia held elections to the Parliament of Dalmatia in 1861, 1864, 1867, 1870, 1876, 1883, 1889, 1895, 1901, 1908.

Reichsrat
In the 1907 elections, Dalmatia elected the following representatives to the Reichsrat:
 * Croatian Party
 * Ante Dulibić
 * Vicko Ivčević
 * Frane Ivanišević
 * Ante Tresić Pavičić
 * Ante Vuković
 * Juraj Biankini


 * Party of Rights
 * Ivo Prodan
 * Josip Virgil Perić


 * Serb Party
 * Dušan Baljak
 * Miho Bjeladinović


 * Independent
 * Frane Bulić

In the 1911 elections, Dalmatia elected the following representatives:
 * Croatian Party
 * Vicko Ivčević
 * Pero Čingrija
 * Ante Tresić Pavičić
 * Juraj Biankini


 * Party of Rights
 * Ivo Prodan
 * Ante Dulibić
 * Ante Sesardić
 * Josip Virgil Perić


 * Serb Party
 * Dušan Baljak
 * Gjuro Vukotić


 * Croatian Popular Progressive Party
 * Josip Smodlaka