USS Cornubia (1858)

The SS Cornubia was built in Hayle, Cornwall, by Harvey & Co. in 1858 as a packet ship and ferry for the Hayle Steam Packet Company. Sleek and painted white, with two funnels mounted close together amidships and with a high bridge over her paddle wheels, she plied the Hayle/St Ives to Bristol route in the days when the Great Western Railway had not penetrated as far as West Cornwall.

She was given the name Cornubia from the Latinised name for Cornwall and was a fast iron paddle steamer, long and narrow at 210 ft long and with a 24 ft beam. Her Harveys-built twin oscillating side-wheel engines with four boilers and 9 ft stroke produced 230 hp and was capable of propelling the vessel at over 18 kn. Her shallow, 9 ft draft was initially designed to cope with the shallow harbours in Cornwall, but proved to be very useful in her later life.

Confederate Navy Service
During the American Civil War, agents for the Confederacy purchased Cornubia and took her over the Atlantic where she was officially renamed Lady Davis though by all accounts her old name Cornubia was also commonly used.

She proved to be a very good investment. Her speed, manoeuvrability and shallow draft making her an excellent blockade runner. She successfully avoided and outran Union forces on 22 occasions bringing vital supplies to the confederate army at Wilmington.

On her 23rd run on 8 November 1863, however luck ran out for Cornubia. She was pursued by USS Niphon (1863) and was forced to run up onto the beach at New Inlet. The ship's captain, Richard Gayle, the ship's carpenter and one seaman remained onboard and helped other crew and passengers to escape to shore.

Later that same day, USS James Adger arrived on the scene and on the rising tide towed the still-intact Cornubia free. She was then sent to Boston as a Prize together with the bags of waterlogged mail. The abandoned mail proved to be a vital aid to the Union, gaining an insight into the Confederacy plans and in particularly the role that British seamen were taking in blockade running.

Union Navy Service
Cornubia was purchased from the Boston Prize court and then commissioned in the Union Navy on 17 March 1864 and assigned to the role of blockading the waters around Mobile and Pensacola, before later being reassigned to the coast of Texas. The blockade runner had now become a blockader.

On 21 April 1865, Cornubia captured the blockade-running schooner Chaos. On 24 May, Cornubia captured the guard boat Le Compt where a cache of arms was found. Later the same day, Cornubia assisted USS Princess Royal (1863) in the pursuit and sinking of the Confederate steamer Denbigh.

Following the evacuation of Galveston on 22 May, Cornubia was put on duty removing the harbour obstructions. On 3 August, Cornubia was officially decommissioned from the Union Navy and was sold on 25 October.