Naval Housing Annex Negishi

The Negishi Housing Complex (Japanese: 根岸住宅地区 Negishi Juutaku Chiku) is an enclave of United States Forces Japan operated by United States Fleet Activities Yokosuka in Yokohama, Japan. It serves as a residence complex for the U.S. military.

Facilities
The area is approximately 42.8 hectares in size and contains some 387 housing units, a Commissary/Navy Exchange, Richard E. Byrd Elementary School, Branch Health Clinic (medical/dental), Combined Bachelor Housing, swimming pool, community center, Security Detachment, and other small infrastructural services to support the residents of the community.

History
Negishi Heights was originally a horse racing complex founded in 1866 by the Meiji Emperor. Modern horse racing was introduced to Japan in 1859, and shortly thereafter an English architect was commissioned to build the Negishi Grandstands on the land currently occupied by U.S. Navy family members. The area surrounding the grandstands was occupied by numerous foreigners and was built to support their entertainment needs.

Emperor Meiji would make 13 trips to the stadium to view horse racing. The grandstands was one of the few structures to survive the Great Kanto Earthquake of 1923. It was later rebuilt by American J. H. Morgan and still stands today. The new stands could hold up to 20,000 spectators, and Emperor Hirohito was known to frequent the events held in Negishi. Horse racing was abolished by the Imperial Japanese Navy in 1942, and the racing grounds at Negishi were seized for the operation of a printing press and, in the lower horse stables, the housing of Australian prisoners of war. In 1945, when General MacArthur discovered the printing presses during the occupation of Japan, the U.S. Army used the presses to print over 450,000 surrender documents in English, Japanese, and Korean to be distributed across the country.

In 1947 the U.S. Army took over the complex completely and built housing units and other support structures; they used the Grandstands for administrative offices. In what is now Negishi Shinrin Park, they even built a golf course. The U.S. Army occupied this land area until it was given over to the U.S. Navy on 1 July 1951 and became the first overseas Navy housing facility.

Today
The U.S. Navy and the Government of Japan are organizing the return of the Naval Housing and Support Complex to the Japanese landowners who lease the land to the over 1,100 U.S. Military members, Department of Defense teachers, and dependents living within the Family Housing and Single/Bachelor units. Negotiations between the two governments for the return of the land are still ongoing. Once additional units are completed in the Zushi Housing Area and other Japanese/American Alliance considerations take effect, the land of Negishi Heights should be fully returned to the Japanese landowners. The Commander Fleet Activities Yokosuka, Yokohama Detachment Officer in Charge is responsible for the administration, safety and security of the installation, its housing units, and residents/military personnel as well as maintaining Japanese/American Alliance relations with the four Wards, various community organizations, the City of Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture, and Japanese government officials.

Negishi Shinrin Park
Negishi Shinrin Park (Japanese: 根岸森林公園 Negishi Shinrin Kōen), adjacent to the Negishi Housing Complex, is popular among complex residents as a place to relax away from the city life of Yokohama. There is ample parking around the park provided by the U.S. Navy, a running track that encircles the park, an Equestrian Museum with pony rides, and a view of Yokohama Landmark Tower. It is served by Yokohama city buses #103 and #21 and by train at the nearby Negishi Station.