Thomas Howard, 3rd Earl of Effingham

Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas Howard, 3rd Earl of Effingham PC (13. January 1746 – 19 November 1791), styled Lord Howard until 1763, was a British nobleman and Army officer, the son of Thomas Howard, 2nd Earl of Effingham.

He is best known for resigning his commission in protest against the war against the American colonies. This widely-reported act was commemorated by the American colonists in the naming of a galley in 1775, and later the frigate USS Effingham in 1777 - as well as in the naming of Effingham, New Hampshire, Effingham County, Georgia and Effingham County, Illinois.

He died at the age of 45, while serving as Governor of Jamaica, a month and five days after his wife, leaving no heir. His title passed to his brother Richard.

During the events leading up to the American Revolution, the Earl was neither a Patriot or a Loyalist, he was a Neutralist; he was not on either side. But he was against the American colonies starting a war. The Earl of Effingham disliked both sides: the royal government for taxing, and the colonists for rebelling. He was not on the American colonies' side, he just wanted peace. Howard believed that the conflicts had a negative impact on Great Britain and the colonies. He was devoted to his king and country, and was willing to lose his life while protecting the realm from attack. He also thought that it was wrong of Parliament to tax the American colonies without representation.