William W. Morris (general)

William Walton Morris (August 31, 1801 –  December 11, 1865) was an American soldier and a career officer in the United States Army. He served as a colonel and brevet brigadier general in the Regular Army (United States), with Union Army service during the American Civil War (1861–1865). Morris served as a brigade commander primarily in charge of the defense of Fort McHenry and Baltimore Harbor. He had several brief periods in command of the VIII Corps and of the Middle Department, which almost completely overlapped with each other.

Morris died at Fort McHenry on December 11, 1865. In 1866, President Andrew Johnson nominated Morris for posthumous appointment as a brevet major general in the Regular United States Army to rank from December 10, 1865 and the United States Senate confirmed the appointment on May 4, 1866.

Military training and service
Morris was born in 1801 at Ballston Springs, New York. He was a grandson of Lewis Morris, a signer of the United States Declaration of Independence. He was appointed as a cadet in the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York on March 17, 1815. Morris graduated last out of 30 cadets in the class of 1820.

After graduation, Morris was promoted to second lieutenant, 6th United States Infantry Regiment, July 1, 1820. He initially served on the frontier in Iowa. Promoted to first lieutenant in 1823, Morris commanded the artillery in the Arickaree Expedition. Returning from the frontier, Morris attended the artillery school at Fort Monroe, Virginia from 1823-1824 and transferred to the 4th United States Artillery Regiment in 1824. Morris served in various garrison positions until 1836, when he was promoted to captain, 4th Artillery. He fought the in the Second Seminole War, including the Battle of Wahoo Swamp, receiving a brevet major appointment for gallant conduct. During the Mexican-American War Morris served as Major of the Artillery Battalion of the "Army of Occupation" and fought at the Battle of Palo Alto and Battle of Resaca de la Palma. Returning to the United States in 1848, Morris was promoted to major, 4th Artillery and served in various garrison and frontier positions. In early 1861, he was stationed at Fort Ridgely, Minnesota.

On April 25, 1861, Morris was transferred to Fort McHenry, Baltimore, Maryland. On May 14, 1861, Morris was promoted to lieutenant colonel of the 4th Artillery Regiment in the Regular United States Army, followed by a promotion to full colonel of the 2nd United States Artillery Regiment on November 1, 1861. On April 30, 1862, President Abraham Lincoln nominated Morris for appointment to the grade of brevet brigadier general, Regular United States Army, for "meritorious services", to rank from June 9, 1862 and the United States Senate confirmed the appointment on June 9, 1862.

Morris served as a brigade commander primarily in charge of the defense of Baltimore Harbor from July 22, 1862, and served both in the Middle Department and its military organization, the VIII Corps, under Major General Robert C. Schenck, Brigadier General Henry H. Lockwood and Major General Lew Wallace. Morris temporarily commanded the VIII Corps and, for the most part simultaneously, the Middle Department (with the date of assumption or relinquishment of command of the department, if different, shown as the date assumed or relinquished in parentheses following the corps command dates): March 12, 1863 to March 22, 1863 (relinquished department command March 20, 1863); August 7, 1863 to August 31, 1863 (assumed department command August 10, 1863); September 22, 1863 to September 28, 1863; and, February 1, 1865 to April 19, 1865 (assumed department command January 30, 1865).

Morris died on December 11, 1865 at Fort McHenry in Baltimore, Maryland at age 64.

On April 16, 1866, President Andrew Johnson nominated Morris for appointment as a brevet major general in the Regular United States Army for "Faithful and Meritorious Services during the Rebellion", to rank from December 10, 1865 and the United States Senate confirmed the appointment on May 4, 1866.