William Murray, 2nd Lord Nairne

William Murray, 2nd Lord Nairne (ca. 1665 – 3 February 1726) was a Scottish peer and Jacobite who fought in the Rising of 1715, after which he was attainted and condemned to death for treason, but in 1717 he was indemnified and released.

In 1721, he was created Earl of Nairne in the Jacobite peerage.

Life
Born about 1665, the fourth son of John Murray, 1st Marquess of Atholl, by his marriage to Lady Amelia Sophia, a daughter of James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby, Murray was the younger brother of John Murray, 1st Duke of Atholl. His grandmother, Charlotte Stanley, Countess of Derby (1599–1664), a daughter of Claude de La Trémoille, Duke of Thouars (1566–1604) was famous in her own right for her defence of Lathom House against Parliamentary forces during the First English Civil War in 1644.

In February 1680 William Murray married ten-year-old Margaret Nairne (born on 16 December 1669), the only daughter and heiress of Robert Nairne. In 1681 Nairne, an octogenarian who had no sons, was created by King Charles II Lord Nairne, in the peerage of Scotland, with a special remainder to his son-in-law. Thus, when Nairne died on 30 May 1683, Murray succeeded him in the peerage. He took his seat in the Parliament of Scotland on 22 October 1690, but he never took the oath of allegiance to the new monarchs, William and Mary, who in the Glorious Revolution of 1688 had unseated the last Stuart king, James II. Unlike his brother John, who had taken the side of William and Mary and was created Earl of Tullibardine by William in 1696 and Duke of Atholl by Queen Anne, Nairne's loyalties remained with King James and his heirs. At the time of the Jacobite rising of 1715, Nairne was one of the first to rally to the cause of the Old Pretender when John Erskine, 22nd Earl of Mar, proclaimed him King at Braemar on 6 September 1715, and Nairne fought through Mar's autumn campaign. On 14 November 1715, after the disastrous Battle of Preston, Nairne was taken prisoner and was sent from there to the Tower of London.

On 9 February 1716 Nairne was tried for treason, found guilty, attainted, and condemned to death. However, his execution was stayed and he lived to benefit from the Indemnity Act of 1717, so in December of that year was released. On 24 June 1721 he was created Earl of Nairne in the Jacobite peerage and died on 3 February 1726. His widow survived him until 1747.

Posterity
Nairne's daughter Margaret Murray married William Drummond, 4th Viscount Strathallan, in 1712, and they had four sons, James, Robert, William, and Henry Drummond. She lived until 1773. Her husband and eldest son took part in the Forty-Five, during which Strathallan was killed at Culloden on 16 April 1745, and after which her son was attainted. However, her grandson James Andrew Drummond was restored to the family's honours by an Act of Parliament of 1824, thus regaining the title of Viscount Strathallan. In 1902 his heir succeeded a distant kinsman as Earl of Perth.