Stuart Roosa

Stuart Allen Roosa (August 16, 1933 – December 12, 1994) was a NASA astronaut, who was the command module pilot for the Apollo 14 mission. The mission lasted from January 31 to February 9, 1971 and was the third mission to land astronauts (Alan Shepard and Edgar Mitchell) on the Moon. While Shepard and Mitchell spent two days on the lunar surface, Roosa conducted experiments from orbit in the command module "Kitty Hawk". He was one of only 24 people to travel to the Moon.

Roosa was born in Durango, Colorado, and grew up in Claremore, Oklahoma. He attended Oklahoma State University and the University of Arizona.

Career
He started his career as a smokejumper with the U.S. Forest Service in the early 1950s. He joined the U.S. Air Force in 1953, attended Gunnery School at Del Rio Air Force Base, Texas, and Luke Air Force Base, Arizona, and was a graduate of the Aviation Cadet Program at Williams Air Force Base, Arizona, where he received his flight training commission in the Air Force.

From July 1962 to August 1964, Roosa was a maintenance flight test pilot at Olmsted Air Force Base, Pennsylvania, flying F-101 aircraft. He was a fighter pilot at Langley Air Force Base, Virginia, where he flew the F-84F and F-100 aircraft. He graduated from the Aerospace Test Pilots School and was an experimental test pilot at Edwards Air Force Base, California from 1965 to 1966. Throughout his career, Roosa logged more than 5,500 hours of flying time (5,000 hours in jets) and 217 hours in space. He also served as chief of service engineering at Tachikawa Air Base, Japan, for two years following graduation from the University of Colorado, under the Air Force Institute of Technology Program.

Roosa was one of 19 people selected as part of the astronaut class of 1966 and served as a member of the astronaut support crew for the Apollo 9 mission. On Apollo 14 he spent 33 hours in solo orbit around the Moon, conducting an extensive series of experiments. His ability as a Command Module Pilot was put to the test when initial attempts to dock with the Lunar Module failed, and the problems were overcome only by Roosa's skill and careful coordination of the crew and ground controllers. He also carried tree seeds as part of a joint U.S. Forest Service/NASA project. The seeds were germinated on his return and planted throughout the United States, becoming known as the "Moon Trees".

Following Apollo 14, Roosa served as backup command module pilot for Apollo 16 and Apollo 17, and based on crew rotations, would probably have commanded one of the last Apollo missions had it not been cancelled. He was assigned to the Space Shuttle program until his retirement as a colonel from the Air Force in 1976. After leaving NASA and the Air Force, he held a number of positions in international and U.S. businesses, and became owner and president of Gulf Coast Coors in 1981. His daughter Rosemary was named CEO of Gulf Coast Coors several years later.

Honors and awards
Roosa's honors include the NASA Distinguished Service Medal; the Johnson Space Center Superior Achievement Award (1970); the Air Force Command Pilot Astronaut Wings; the Air Force Distinguished Service Medal; the Arnold Air Society's John F. Kennedy Award (1971); the City of New York Gold Medal (1971); the American Astronautical Society's Flight Achievement Award (1971); the Order of Tehad (1973); and the Order of the Central African Empire (1973). Additionally, an elementary school in Claremore, Oklahoma is named in his honor. Roosa earned a PMD from Harvard Business School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1973 and an honorary LL.D. from University of St. Thomas, Houston in 1971.

Death
Stuart Roosa died on December 12, 1994 in Washington D.C. due to complications from pancreatitis, aged 61. He was survived by his wife Joan, three sons and a daughter, and 5 grandchildren. He is buried in section 7A of Arlington National Cemetery. His wife Joan died on October 30, 2007 in Gulfport, MS. She was interred at Arlington Cemetery with her husband.

In the 1998 miniseries From the Earth to the Moon, Roosa was played by George Newbern. The 2011 book Smoke Jumper, Moon Pilot, by Willie G. Moseley is a biography on Roosa's life.

In 2013, Roosa's granddaughters appeared in USAA insurance television ads in the United States.

Article based on NASA press release 94-210