Antonov An-28

The Antonov An-28 (NATO reporting name Cash) is a twin-engined light turboprop transport aircraft, developed from the Antonov An-14M. It was the winner of a competition against the Beriev Be-30, for use by Aeroflot as a short-range airliner. It first flew in 1969. A total of 191 were built and 16 remain in airline service as at August 2015. After a short pre-production series built by Antonov, it was licence-built in Poland by PZL-Mielec. In 1993, PZL-Mielec developed its own improved variant, the PZL M28 Skytruck.

Development
The An-28 is similar to the An-14 in many aspects, including its wing structure and twin rudders, but features an expanded fuselage and turboprop engines, in place of the An-14's piston engines. The An-28 first flew as a modified An-14 in 1969. The next preproduction model did not fly until 1975. In passenger carrying configuration, accommodation was provided for up to 15 people, in addition to the two-man crew. Production was transferred to PZL-Mielec in 1978. The first Polish-built aircraft did not fly until 1984. The An-28 finally received its Soviet type certificate in 1986.

Variants

 * An-14A
 * The original Antonov designation for an enlarged, twin-turboprop version of the An-14.


 * An-14M
 * Prototype.


 * An-28
 * Twin-engined short-range utility transport aircraft, three built.


 * An-28RM Bryza 1RM
 * Search and rescue, air ambulance aircraft.


 * An-28TD Bryza 1TD
 * Transport version.


 * An-28PT
 * Variant with Pratt & Whitney engines first flown 22 July 1993.

Civil operators
Major operators of the 16 Antonov An-28 aircraft remaining in airline service include:
 * Skiva Air (2)
 * Vostok Airlines (3)
 * Tajik Air (2)
 * Vostok Airlines (3)
 * Tajik Air (2)
 * Tajik Air (2)

Former operators

 * 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan
 * Avluga-Trans (11)
 * Kyrgyzstan Airlines (5)
 * Tepavia Trans (4)
 * Blue Wing Airlines (formerly operated five with three lost in crashes on 3 April 2008, 15 October 2009, and 15 May 2010)
 * Tepavia Trans (4)
 * Blue Wing Airlines (formerly operated five with three lost in crashes on 3 April 2008, 15 October 2009, and 15 May 2010)
 * Blue Wing Airlines (formerly operated five with three lost in crashes on 3 April 2008, 15 October 2009, and 15 May 2010)

Military operators

 * Angolan Air Force two An-28 aircraft
 * Djibouti Air Force one retired.
 * Georgian Air Force – two as of December 2016.
 * Nepalese Army Air Service two PZL M28 variant
 * Peruvian Army two
 * Polish Air Force 24 PZL M28 variant
 * Polish Navy 13 in PZL M28 variant
 * 🇹🇿 Tanzania
 * Tanzania Air Force Command – one as of December 2016.
 * 🇻🇪 Venezuela
 * Venezuelan Army Aviation PZL M28 variant
 * Vietnam
 * Vietnamese People's Air Force PZL M28 variant
 * 🇹🇿 Tanzania
 * Tanzania Air Force Command – one as of December 2016.
 * 🇻🇪 Venezuela
 * Venezuelan Army Aviation PZL M28 variant
 * Vietnam
 * Vietnamese People's Air Force PZL M28 variant

Former operators

 * Air Livonia
 * Aeroflot
 * Soviet Air Force
 * Aeroflot
 * Soviet Air Force

Notable accidents and incidents

 * 25 May 2005: A chartered Maniema Union Antonov An-28 aircraft, owned by Victoria Air, crashed into a mountain near Walungu in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, about 30 minutes after takeoff. All of the 22 passengers and five crew members were killed.
 * 3 April 2008: An Antonov An-28 operated by Blue Wing Airlines crashed upon landing near Benzdorp in Suriname. All 19 on board were killed.
 * On 15 October 2009, an Antonov An-28 of Blue Wing Airlines departed the runway on landing at Kwamelasemoetoe Airstrip, Suriname and hit an obstacle. The aircraft was substantially damaged and four people were injured, one seriously.
 * 15 May 2010: An Antonov An-28 operated by Blue Wing Airlines crashed over the upper-marowijne district approximately three miles north-east of Poketi, Suriname. The two pilots and six passengers died.
 * On 30 January 2012, A TRACEP-Congo Aviation An-28 crashed while on a domestic cargo flight from Bukavu-Kamenbe Airport to Namoya Airstrip, Democratic Republic of the Congo, killing three of the five crew.
 * On 12 September 2012, an An-28 operated by Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Air Enterprise as Flight 251 crashed while on a domestic flight from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky to Palana Airport, killing ten of 14 people.