Frank McIntyre

Frank McIntyre (January 5, 1865 - February 16, 1944) was an American military officer who served for many years as Chief of the Bureau of Insular Affairs, responsible for federal administration of the Philippines and Puerto Rico.

Ancestry
General McIntyre was born the son of Irish immigrants Dennis and Mary Gaughan McIntyre in Montgomery, Alabama. Dennis McIntyre came to America in the 1850s and was a railroad car inspector for the West Point and Alabama Railroad. He is listed on the roster of the Montgomery County Home Guard, CSA in 1864. His wife Mary was from County Mayo. The surname McIntyre is a Scottish Highland name also spelt MacIntyre and means son of the carpenter or wright which is explicit in the Gaelic original Mac an-T Saoir, McIntyres were originally to be found in Lorne where they possessed the lands of Glenoe from the 13th century until the early 19th century. According to family tradition the MacIntyres/McIntyres came originally from the Hebrides. In the 13th century, they sailed from their ancestral home carrying a white cow, and settled on the mainland at Glen Noe by Ben Cruachan. On the mainland the MacIntyres/McIntyres were hereditary foresters to the lords of Lorne. For many years, they paid the Campbells of Glenorchy a symbolic rent of a white calf and a snowball for their Glen Noe lands. During the 18th century, the rent was commuted to cash, then progressively raised. Donald, the 4th MacIntyre chief, could not pay so emigrated to Canada. His brother and successor Captain Donald MacIntyre the fifth chief, tried but failed to make ends meet and the Glen Noe lands were lost two hundred years ago, in 1808. The present Clan Chief is Donald MacIntyre of Glenoe. Frank McIntyre being a grandson of James and Norah McIntyre of The Brockey, Killybegs, County Donegal, Ireland, his grandmother was Norah Cannon the daughter of Dennis and Jane Cannon née McBraerty of Killybegs, County Donegal. Her sister Mary Cannon married Thomas Murrin of Croaghlin (1804–1882) Banagh barony, Killybegs, County Donegal, their daughter Jane Murrin (1829–1903) married Charles Dawson Lea (1819–1883) in 1851, their son John Edward Dawson Lea (1859–1929) married Hannora McIntyre his cousin, who died on 10 October 1938. John and Hannorah lived at Rathmines, Dublin, and Aileach House, Killybegs, County Donegal, where his cousin and sister-in-law Agnes McIntyre also lived and where she died on 5 February 1990, aged 92. Agnes and Hannorah McIntyre were first cousins of General Frank McIntyre and Judge Patrick McIntyre. On the distaff side their first cousin was Séamus Hegarty, D.D. an Irish Roman Catholic prelate, who served as Bishop of Raphoe from 1982 to 1994, then as Bishop of Derry from 1994 to 2011. Agnes and Hannorah were the daughters of John and Mary McIntyre née Carr, and like Frank the grandchildren of James and Nora McIntyre, Nora being a Cannon.

The Cannons are descended from two of Ireland's most renowned Kings: Conn of the Hundred Battles and Niall of the Nine Hostages. The O'Cannons have been described as "Ancient Princes of Tir Connaill" and "Valiant Chiefs". However their 350 year dynasty in Tir Connaill ended in 1250. Their ancient territory would seem to have been Tir Aeda (now the barony of Tirhigh) after the deaths of Rory O' Canannain and his son Niall O'Canannain in 1250, the sept declined greatly in power. Brian O'Neill died ten years later in 1260, he had supported an O'Canannain claimant to Tir Conaill i.e. to the Kingdom of Tir Conaill (Tirconnell). The personal name Canannain is a diminutive of Cano meaning 'wolf cub'. Canannain was fifth in descent from Flaithbertach mac Loingsig (died 765), high-king of Ireland; they were the descendants of Neill of the Nine Hostages (Irish: Niall Noigiallach) who died c. 405 by his son, Conall Gulban who gave his name to Tir Conaill, the Land of Conall, now County Donegal.

Ui Canannain was the ancestral name of the Cannons and Tir Connaill (all of County Donegal and part of County Londonderry) was the "Land of the Cannons". By the early 17th century the name Ui Canannain had been anglicised to O'Cannon. Further anglicisation took place during the Penal laws in the late 18th and early 19th centuries and the name in County Donegal became Cannon. In the early 1880s, there were just 200 families bearing the Cannon surname living in County Donegal, who were mainly tenant farmers. The Cannons/O'Canannains, were of the ancient sept of Cenell Conaill, a branch of the northern Ui Neill and descend from Ruaidri ua Canannain (died 30 November 950) King of Cenel Conaill, and grandson of Canannain, who flourished in the second half of the 9th century. One of Neill's most famous descendants was George Washington, the first President of the United States of America. The site of the ancient seat of the O'Canannains was near Letterkenny the largest town of County Donegal, which is said on good authority to represent the hillside of the O'Cannons (English translation).

Biography
Frank McIntyre was educated in public and private schools in Montgomery and at the University of Alabama (1880–82). While a student in Tuscaloosa, his professors noted his talents and successfully recommended him for his home district's vacancy at West Point. He enrolled at the United States Military Academy in 1882, and graduated from West Point in 1886. A classmate and roommate of McIntyre was General John J. Pershing. McIntyre entered the United States army as a second lieutenant in the 19th Infantry, serving in various ranks until he attained that of brigadier-general in 1912. Meanwhile he saw duty at different posts, chiefly on the Mexican border, until the war with Spain, in which he participated in the Porto Rico expedition in 1898. McIntyre served in the Philippines from 1899 to 1902, after which he served with the general staff.

McIntyre was attached to the Bureau of Insular Affairs in 1905 and became its Chief in 1912, relieving General Clarence Ransom Edwards. During the War in Europe he was assistant chief of staff with the rank of major-general. For his role in the First World War, McIntyre received decorations including the French Legion of Honor, the highest decoration in France, established by Napoleon Bonaparte, First Consul of the First Republic, founded in May 1802, and Knight Commander of the Bath, (K.C.B.) military division, [The Most Honourable Order Of The Bath (1725)] from Great Britain, and the Distinguished Service Medal of the United States of America. McIntyre served as long-time Chief of the Bureau of Insular Affairs and played a significant role in the governance of the Philippines and Puerto Rico throughout this period. With respect to Puerto Rico, McIntyre wavered on the wisdom of granting United States citizenship to Puerto Ricans but ultimately supported the Jones-Shafroth Act of 1917. At times, McIntyre had strained relations with other officials in Puerto Rico, such as U.S. District Judge Peter J. Hamilton during the 1910s and Governor E. Mont Reily during the 1920s.

McIntyre retired from the Army in 1929 and died in 1944. During his later years he maintained a home in Montgomery where he helped oversee the large plantation and cotton business established by his brothers Jim and John McIntyre. The plantation, named Killybegs after the ancestral hometown, is located in Ramer, Montgomery County, Alabama. A substantial portion of the farm's acreage remains in the McIntyre family as of 2011. McIntyre was buried at Arlington National Cemetery. He was married in 1892 in Dallas to the former Marie Dennett, a native of New Orleans who was raised in Texas. She was the daughter of James Wilson Dennett of Huntsville, Alabama and Marie Dufilho of New Orleans. The McIntyres were the parents of six children, who grew up primarily in Washington, DC: Frank Jr. James, Edward, Margaret, Marie, and Nora. James continued the military tradition established by his father and retired as a major general in the United States Air Force. He served as the legislative liaison for the Air Force to Congress in the late 1940s, and is credited with helping establish the Air Force as an independent branch of the military through his efforts to help pass the National Security Act of 1947.

Frank's other brother was Patrick, who graduated from Columbia Law School and served as a circuit court judge in Montgomery, a member of the City Commission, and also a brief term as the county judge of probate. Frank's sisters were Mary, Kate, Nora and Ellen. Frank was the only one of the eight children of Dennis and Mary to be married. McIntyre Middle School in Montgomery (which closed in 2011) was named in honor of the family.