James McGrigor


 * For the politician see Jamie McGrigor.

Sir James McGrigor, 1st Baronet (1771–1858) was a Scottish physician, military surgeon and botanist, considered to be the man largely responsible for the creation of the Royal Army Medical Corps. He served as Rector of the University of Aberdeen.

Early life
The son of a clothing merchant, he was born in Cromdale, Inverness-shire, and educated at Aberdeen Grammar School and the University of Aberdeen. He received medical training at the University of Edinburgh.

Army surgeon
He joined the army as a surgeon in 1793 and saw service with an Irish regiment, the 88th Regiment of Foot, in Flanders, the West Indies and India. In 1811, he was appointed Surgeon-General for the Duke of Wellington's army in Spain and Portugal during the Peninsular Wars (1808–14).

McGrigor returned to Britain before the Battle of Waterloo, and was knighted (1814). He went on to serve as Director-General of the Army Medical Service (1815–51) and did much to reform that department. He introduced the stethoscope in 1821, set up field hospitals for those injured in action, and generally improved the standards of cleanliness and hygiene. His autobiography was published in 1861. An obelisk to his memory has been placed in Aberdeen and is now in Duthie Park. A statue was erected in Westminster, and later moved to the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst.