William Henry Draper, Jr.

William Henry Draper, Jr. (August 10, 1894 - December 26, 1974) was a U.S. army officer, banker, and diplomat.

Life and career
Draper was born in Harlem, New York City, the son of Mary Emma (née Carey) and William Henry Draper. He received a B.A. and M.A. in economics at New York University. He joined the United States Army soon after finishing college and served during World War I as a major in the infantry. After the war he stayed in the Army Reserves working his way up to chief of staff of the 77th Division (1936–1940), while going to work in New York City for National City Bank (1919–1921), Bankers Trust Company (1923–1927), and then Dillon, Read & Co. (1927–1953). In 1937, he was made a vice president of Dillon Read, an investment bank that had promoted the bonds of the Soviet Union after its recognition by the US Government in 1933. Dillon Read also underwrote millions of dollars worth of German industrial bonds in the United States during the 1920s and 1930s.

At the invitation of George Marshall, he moved to Washington, D.C. to serve on the President's Advisory Committee for Selective Service, and was promoted to colonel in 1940. At the start of World War II he took command of the 136th Infantry, 33rd Division, National Guard. At the end of the war, he was promoted to brigadier-general and was posted to Berlin to serve as chief of the Economics Division, Allied Control Council for Germany from 1945 to 1947. He opposed the Morgenthau Plan, which was designed to prevent a resurgence of German economic and military power by de-industrializing it and turning into a pastoral country. Instead, he strongly supported measures to expedite Germany's economic recovery along liberal free-market and democratic lines followed by Konrad Adenauer and Ludwig Erhard. There was some criticism of him by the author James Stewart Martin for leaving some former cooperators with the Nazis in their positions in industry.

After a promotion to major-general, Draper was asked by the new Secretary of War Kenneth C. Royall to become his Under Secretary of War. With the transition of the Department of War to the Department of the Army, Draper became the first under secretary of the Army from September 18, 1947 to February 28, 1949. After leaving the army in 1949, he served as Long Island Rail Road trustee from 1950 to 1951. He served as the first U.S. Ambassador to NATO in Paris.

After retiring from public service a second time, he traveled to Mexico to serve as chairman of the Mexican Light and Power Company (1954–1959). Returning to the US in 1959, he formed the first West Coast venture capital firm Draper, Gaither and Anderson in California. In 1967 he retired from Draper Gaither, moved to Washington, D.C. and joined Combustion Engineering in New York as chairman, retiring a few years later to become the U.S. delegate to the United Nations Population Commission (1969–1971). He also co-founded the Population Crisis Committee in 1965 and chaired the Draper Committee.