Emiliano Mercado del Toro

Emiliano Mercado del Toro (August 21, 1891 – January 24, 2007) was, at age 115, the world's oldest person for six weeks, and the world's oldest man from November 19, 2004 (death of Fred H. Hale, Sr.) until his own death on January 24, 2007. He is the oldest verified military veteran ever.

At the time of his death at age 115 years and 156 days, Mercado was the second oldest fully validated male ever, behind Danish-American Christian Mortensen's record of 115 years 252 days. He continued to hold this position until more than five years later, when, on September 23, 2012, Japanese man Jiroemon Kimura surpassed his age.

On 21 August 2006, Mercado became the second fully validated man in history to reach age 115. Del Toro was the last and oldest surviving documented person born in 1891. Del Toro was also the oldest verified Hispanic/Latino person ever. He officially became the oldest documented living person on December 11, 2006, following the death of 116-year-old Elizabeth Bolden. He was the 34th person to hold this title since its inception.

Biography
Emiliano (known to his family as "Emilio") was born in Cabo Rojo, Puerto Rico, the son of Delfín Mercado and Gumercinda del Toro. Emiliano worked in the cane fields until the age of 81. He never married and never had children, but said he had three "girlfriends" (love interests) in his life.

Accolades
Mercado first came to the attention of longevity researchers in 2001, when a story ran about a 110-year-old veteran in a parade in Puerto Rico. After that, researchers tried to track him down, but only after the November 2004 death of Fred H. Hale, Sr. did someone finally start sending in documents. Following Mr. Hale's death, Emiliano apparently became the oldest man in the world, with documents supplied so far including a birth certificate, baptismal certificate, 1910 census record, and veteran ID card. By January 2005, Guinness had accepted Emiliano as the "oldest living man whose age could be fully authenticated".

He was one of the few males to hold the title of oldest living person (37 of the 40 preceding title holders, as well as 39 of the top 40 oldest persons living at the time of his death, were all female) and was the most recent to do so until 17 December 2012, when Jiroemon Kimura from Japan took over the title. Mercado was four years older at the time than his successor as oldest living man, Tomoji Tanabe from Japan. The last male to have held the title was the latter's countryman Yukichi Chuganji in 2003, though back then Kamato Hongo was believed to be older (Hongo's age claim was later debunked).

In addition, Emiliano Mercado del Toro was 27 years old in October 1918 when the U.S. Army drafted him to serve in World War I, as a veteran of WWI, he broke the record for longest-lived veteran of any military force that was set by Antonio Todde, Mercado del Toro became a bona fide non-combat veteran. (Mercado was still at a training camp in Panama when the November 11, 1918 armistice was declared) He was discharged the next month and at age 27.

In 1993, he was honored by U.S. President Bill Clinton with the medal commemorating the 75th anniversary of the signing of the truce that ended World War I. Mercado del Toro, the elder of two siblings, had to move from his familiar Cabo Rojo grounds due to a fall he had in his home when he was 102, which affected his hipbone. His 85 year-old niece took him to live with his relatives, and he was well taken care of by nieces and nephews - and their families, who called him "Tío Millo" ("Uncle Millo")- at their home in Isabela.

Later life
Mercado could reminisce about being a child when U.S. troops invaded Puerto Rico in 1898, and he clearly remembered the fighting that marked the end of Spain's colonial empire in the Americas. He credited his longevity to funche, a boiled corn, codfish and milk cream-like dish, which he ate every day as a habit.

Mercado also claimed that his sense of humor was probably responsible for his long life, and he would tell jokes and humorous anecdotes almost to the end of his days. He would not elaborate on details of his love life, but would humorously hint about them: in one of the many interviews he gave to Puerto Rican media, Mercado claimed to have been at the "dancing club" (a euphemism for a bordello) owned by Isabel Luberza Oppenheimer (better known as "Isabel la Negra") the day she was assassinated. He was 82 years old at the time and reportedly hid under a table when Oppenheimer's killers started firing gunshots. Asked what he was doing there, he said: "praying... or at least I was when the bullets started flying!"

His last two birthdays were media events in the town of Isabela. Civic leaders and veterans commended Mercado on his endurance and lucid mind, but the "gift" he would enjoy the most was the visit of Puerto Rican vedette and media icon Iris Chacón. In an interview, Mercado claimed to be a great fan of the artist, and particularly of her derrière ("That rump was something serious!", he was quoted as saying). Chacón visited Mercado, who, although he could barely see or hear by the time of his 114th birthday, was pleased with her visit. His photo touching Chacón's rear end, with a big smile on his face, made newspaper headlines in Puerto Rico. She returned the following year to greet him. After hearing news of Mercado's death, Chacón was quoted as saying: "I feel like I've lost my own grandfather. I was blessed for knowing him, knowing that I made him happy, and blessed for the anecdotes and wishes he told me the times I met him. His wisdom is something I learned a lot from. His life is an example of how you're supposed to live your life, happily and doing good, for it will give you longevity and goodwill from everyone."

He was buried at the Municipal Cemetery of his native town of Cabo Rojo, with mayors, legislators and Puerto Rican "vedette" Iris Chacón in attendance.

He was the oldest living person at his death, and is the second most recent man to hold the title of oldest living person. He became the oldest living person when 116-year-old American supercentenarian Elizabeth Bolden died on Monday, December 11, 2006. He is the oldest verified person who died in 2007.