Gerald Brenan

Edward FitzGerald "Gerald" Brenan, CBE (7 April 1894 – 19 January 1987) was a British writer and Hispanist who spent much of his life in Spain.

He is best known for The Spanish Labyrinth, a historical work on the background to the Spanish Civil War, and for South from Granada: Seven Years in an Andalusian Village. He was awarded a CBE in the Diplomatic Service and Overseas List in 1982.

Life
He was born in Malta into a well-off Anglo-Irish family, while his father was serving there in the British Army. He was educated at Radley, a boarding school in England, which he hated due to the bullying he endured. His autographical works make it clear that he did not enjoy a good relationship with his father.

At the age of 18, and to spite his father who wanted him to train at Sandhurst, he set off with an older friend, the occasional photographer and eccentric, John Hope-Johnstone, to walk to China. Between August 1912 and January 1913 they walked 1,560 miles, reaching Bosnia before lack of money made them turn back. He spent the next 10 months in Germany learning the language, surprisingly in preparation for joining the Indian Police Service. This plan was interrupted by the outbreak of World War I. He immediately joined the British Army and served in France throughout the war. After the war, Hope-Johnstone introduced him to the Bloomsbury Group.

In 1919 he moved to Spain, and from 1920 he rented a house in the small village of Yegen, in the Alpujarras district of the province of Granada. He spent his time catching up on the education which he felt he had missed by not attending university, and in writing. An important factor in his moving to Spain was his calculation that his small income would go further there. Despite the remoteness of his new home, contacts with Bloomsbury continued, particularly with his best friend Ralph Partridge and his first wife Dora Carrington (with whom Brenan had an affair). In the late 1920s he formed a relationship with his maid, Juliana Martin Pelegrina, that resulted in the birth of a daughter, Miranda Helen, in 1931.

In Dorset in 1930 he met the American poet and novelist Gamel Woolsey (1895–1968); they married in Rome in 1931. During the Spanish Civil War and for many years afterwards they lived in Aldbourne in Wiltshire. Brenan was permitted to return to Spain in 1953 despite holding views which were critical of Franco's regime. He spent most of the remainder of his life in Alhaurín el Grande, Málaga.

Gamel Woolsey died in Spain in 1968 of cancer, and is buried at the English Cemetery, Malaga. In 1984 Brenan was moved in controversial circumstances to a nursing home in Pinner, but he returned to Spain after the authorities there made special arrangements to provide him with the nursing care on which he depended. At the time of his death, his body was donated to the Medicine Faculty of Málaga for medical research and later cremated; his ashes are buried in the English Cemetery, Malaga.

Works

 * Jack Robinson. A Picaresque Novel (1933) as George Beaton
 * Doctor Partridge's Almanack for 1935 (1934) as George Beaton
 * Shanahan's Old Shebeen, or The Mornin's Mornin' (1940)
 * The Spanish Labyrinth: An Account of the Social and Political Background of the Civil War (1943)
 * The Spanish Scene (1946) Current Affairs No.7
 * The Face of Spain (1951)
 * The Literature of the Spanish People - From Roman Times to the Present Day (1951)
 * South From Granada: Seven Years in an Andalusian Village (1957)
 * A Holiday by the Sea (1961)
 * A Life of One's Own: Childhood and Youth (1962)
 * The Lighthouse Always Says Yes (1966)
 * St John of the Cross: His life and Poetry (1973) with Lynda Nicholson
 * A Personal Record, 1920-1972 (1975)
 * The Magnetic Moment; Poems (1978)
 * Thoughts in a Dry Season: A Miscellany (1978)
 * "The Lord of the Castle and his Prisoner. He. Intended as an Autobiographical Sequence of Thoughts" (2009)
 * Diarios sobre Dora Carrington y otros escritos (1925-1932), editorial Confluencias, 2012.

He left uncompleted a work on Spanish poetry which was published posthumously as La Copla Popular Española.

Films

 * Carrington (1995), about the life of the artist Dora Carrington, included an account of her trip to Spain to visit Brenan (played by Samuel West).
 * South from Granada was filmed by Fernando Colomo as Al sur de Granada (2003), starring Matthew Goode as Brenan. It was nominated for eleven Goya Awards and won one.