Henry Breault

Henry Breault (14 October 1900 – 5 December 1941) was a United States Navy sailor who received the Medal of Honor for his actions while serving aboard the USS O-5 (SS-66) (US Submarine O-5). He is the only enlisted submariner to be awarded the Medal of Honor for   actions aboard a United States submarine.

Biography
Henry Breault was born in Putnam, Connecticut, on 14 October 1900. He enlisted in the British Royal Navy at sixteen years of age and, after serving under the White Ensign for four years, joined the U.S. Navy. On 28 October 1923 Torpedoman Second Class Breault was a member of the crew of USS O-5 (SS-66) when that submarine was sunk in a collision in the Panama Canal. Though he could have escaped, Breault chose to assist a shipmate, and remained inside the sunken submarine until both were rescued more than a day later. For his "heroism and devotion to duty" on this occasion, Henry Breault was awarded the Medal of Honor. He received his Medal of Honor from President Calvin Coolidge, in ceremonies at the White House, Washington, D.C., on 8 March 1924.

Following twenty years of U.S. Navy service, Henry Breault became ill with a heart condition. He died at the Naval Hospital at Newport, Rhode Island, on 4 December 1941. He was buried in Saint Mary Cemetery in Putnam, Connecticut.

Medal of Honor Action
On 28 October 1923, the USS O-5 (SS-66) was operating with other units of   the U.S. Atlantic Fleet under the command of Commander Submarine Force, Coco Solo, Canal    Zone. At approximately 0630, USS O-5 (SS-66), under the command of Lieutenant Harrison Avery, was   underway leading a column of submarines consisting of USS O-5 (SS-66), USS O-3 (SS-64), USS O-6 (SS-67), and USS O-8 (SS-69) across Limon Bay toward the entrance to the Panama Canal. The steamship SS Abangarez, owned by the United Fruit Company and captained by Master W.A.   Card, was underway toward Dock No. 6 at Cristobal. Through a series of maneuvering errors and miscommunication, the SS Abangarez collided with the USS O-5 (SS-66) and struck the submarine on the starboard side of the control room, opening a hole some ten feet long and penetrating    the number one main ballast tank. The submarine rolled sharply to port – then back to starboard – and sank bow first in 42 feet of water.

The steamship picked up eight survivors   – including the Commanding Officer – who had either been topside or climbed up    quickly through the conning tower hatch. Nearby tugs and ships rescued several others. Eight minutes after USS O-5 (SS-66) sank, Chief Machinist’s Mate C.R. Butler surfaced in an air bubble. In all, 16 crewmen were rescued. Five were missing. These were Chief Electrician’s Mate Lawrence T. Brown and Torpedoman’s Mate Second Class Henry Breault, plus three others

Henry Breault had been working in the   torpedo room when the collision occurred, and he headed up the ladder topside. As he   gained the main deck, he realized that Chief Brown was asleep below. Instead of going over the side, Breault headed back below to get Brown and shut the deck hatch over his head   just as the bow went under. Brown was awake, but unaware of the order to abandon ship. Both men headed aft to exit through Control, but the water coming into the Forward Battery   compartment made that escape route unusable. They made it through the rising water to the  torpedo room and had just shut and dogged the door when the battery shorted and exploded. Breault knew the bow was under, and they were trapped.

Salvage efforts began immediately, and divers were sent down from a salvage tug that arrived from Coco Solo. By 10:00am, they were on the bottom examining the wreck. To search for trapped personnel, they hammered on the hull near the aft end of the ship and worked forward. Upon reaching the torpedo room, they heard answering hammer blows from inside the boat. In those days before modern safety and rescue devices, the only way the salvage crew, under the command of Captain Amos Bronson, Jr., could get the men out of the boat was to lift it physically from the mud using cranes   or pontoons. There were no pontoons within 2,000 miles of the site, but there were two of the largest crane barges in the world, Ajax and Hercules, in the Canal Zone. They were built specifically for handling the gates of the canal locks. However, there had been a landslide at the famous Gaillard Cut and both barges were on the other side of the slide, assisting in clearing the Canal. The excavation shifted into high gear and by 2:00pm on the afternoon of the sinking, the crane barge Ajax squeezed through and was on its way to the USS O-5 (SS-66) site.

Divers worked to tunnel under the USS O-5 (SS-66)’s bow so lifting cables could be attached. Ajax arrived about midnight, and by early morning, the cable tunnel had been dug, the cable run, and a lift was attempted. Sheppard J. Shreaves, supervisor of the Panama Canal’s salvage crew and himself a  qualified diver, had been working continuously throughout the night to dig the tunnel, snake the cable under the submarine, and hook it to Ajax’s hoist. Now the lift began. As the crane took a strain, the lift cables broke. Shreaves and his crew worked another cable set under the bow and again Ajax pulled. Again, the cable broke. All through the day, the men worked. Shreaves had been in his diving suit nearly 24 hours. As midnight on the 29th approached, the crane was ready for another lift, this time with buoyancy being added by blowing water out of the flooded Engine Room. Then, just after midnight, the bow of USS O-5 (SS-66) broke the surface. Men from the salvage force quickly opened the torpedo room hatch, and Breault and Brown emerged into the fresh air.

Medal of Honor citation
Rank and organization: Torpedoman Second Class, U.S. Navy. Born: 14 October 1900, Putnam, Conn. Accredited to: Vermont. G.O. No.: 125, 20 February 1924. Citation:


 * For heroism and devotion to duty while serving on board the U.S. submarine O-5 at the time of the sinking of that vessel. On the morning of 28 October 1923, the O-5 collided with the steamship Abangarez and sank in less than a minute. When the collision occurred, Breault was in the torpedo room. Upon reaching the hatch, he saw that the boat was rapidly sinking. Instead of jumping overboard to save his own life, he returned to the torpedo room to the rescue of a shipmate whom he knew was trapped in the boat, closing the torpedo room hatch on himself. Breault and Brown remained trapped in this compartment until rescued by the salvage party 31 hours later.

For his role in the rescue, Sheppard Shreaves later received the Congressional Life Saving Medal, presented personally by Breault and Brown that same year.