Ridgely Gaither

Ridgely Gaither was a United States Army lieutenant general prominent as commander of the 40th Infantry Division during the Korean War, and commander of the XVIII Airborne Corps, U.S. Army Caribbean Command and Second United States Army.

Early life
Gaither was born in Baltimore, Maryland on February 23, 1903 to a family which has included Army officers since the American Revolution and is the namesake of Gaithersburg, Maryland. Gaither graduated from St. John's College in Annapolis and received his commission as a second lieutenant of Infantry in 1924.

Early career
Gaither served in positions of increasing responsibility and rank, including assignments in the continental United States, Alaska, Hawaii and China. He graduated from the Infantry Officer Course in 1933 and the Command and General Staff College in 1939.

World War II
An early advocate of using paratroopers in offensive military operations, from 1943 to 1944 Gaither commanded the Army Parachute School, receiving promotion to brigadier general.

At the parachute school Gaither was instrumental in forming the 555th Parachute Infantry Company, a segregated unit which was the U.S. Army's first African-American paratrooper unit.

In 1945 Gaither went to Europe to take part in fighting against Nazi Germany, including a combat parachute jump with the 17th Airborne Division. He landed east of the Rhine River, almost on top of a German anti-aircraft battery. The Americans took the position, and Gaither said later that one group of Germans might have been taken prisoner sooner if he had not shot down their white flag of surrender, which was so dirty he didn’t immediately recognize it.

Later in 1945 General Gaither was assigned as assistant division commander of the 86th Infantry Division in the Philippines, where he served until the end of the war and immediately afterwards.

Post World War II
From 1946 until 1949 Gaither served as assistant division commander of the 88th Infantry Division with duty on the border between Italy and Yugoslavia. He also served as a member of the Allied commission that established the border, military governor of Trieste, and as president of the War Crimes Court in Florence, Italy.

Gaither commanded the 82nd Airborne Division from July to October, 1949.

From 1949 to 1951 Gaither served in the Operations Division of the Office of the Army's Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations.

Gaither commanded the 11th Airborne Division from 1951 to 1953.

Korean War
General Gaither was commander of the 40th Infantry Division from 1953 to 1954, including combat during Battle of Heartbreak Ridge.

Post Korean War
In 1955 Gaither was assigned as commander of the XVIII Airborne Corps.

From 1955 to 1956 Gaither served as the U.S. Army's assistant chief of staff for Intelligence, G-2.

Gaither was deputy commander of the Continental Army Command from 1957 to 1958, with duty as commander of Army Reserve Forces.

From 1958 to 1960 Gaither was commander of the U.S. Army Caribbean Command.

Gaither was assigned as commander of the Second United States Army in 1960, where he remained until 1962.

Retirement and awards
General Gaither retired in 1962. His awards included two Distinguished Service Medals, two Silver Stars, the Legion of Merit and the Bronze Star.

Civilian career
Gaither lived in Annapolis, where he was commissioner of police from 1966 to 1973.

Death and Interment
General Gaither died of congestive heart failure Oct. 26, 1992 at the Fairfield Nursing Center in Annapolis.

Services were conducted at St. Anne's Episcopal Church, in Annapolis, followed by burial at Arlington National Cemetery. He is interred at Section 2, Site 4888-1.

External resources
Boys' Latin School of Maryland biography, Ridgely Gaither, accessed January 23, 2011 Ridgely Gaither page, Arlington Cemetery web site, accessed January 23, 2011 Ridgely Gaither page, Find A Grave web site, accessed January 23, 2011