Changes: 1st South Carolina Rifle Regiment

1st South Carolina (Orr's) Rifle Regiment
	Flag of South Carolina
Active	July 20, 1861 to April 10, 1865
Country	Confederate States of America
Allegiance	CSA
Branch	Infantry
Engagements	the Seven Days:; * Beaver Dam Creek; * Gaines' Mill; * Frayser's Farm; Cedar Mountain; Manassas Station Ops; Second Manassas; Ox Hill; Harpers Ferry; Sharpsburg; Shepherdstown; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Mine Run; the Wilderness; Spotsylvania Court House; North Anna; Cold Harbor; Petersburg Siege; * Jerusalem Plank Road; * Fussell's Mill; * Second Ream's Station; * Peebles' Farm; * Boydton Plank Road; * Third Petersburg

Latest revision as of 16:21, 14 December 2019

Orr's Rifles was a South Carolina infantry regiment that served in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War.

History

Formation

On 20 July 1861, James Lawrence Orr organized the First South Carolina Rifle Regiment at Sandy Springs. He was elected Colonel; J. Foster Marshall was elected Lt. Colonel, and Daniel A. Ledbetter, Major. Ten companies were recruited in the following districts (counties were known as districts between 1800 & 1868)...


Company: Nickname	District	Captain
A: "the Keowee Riflemen"	Pickens	J.W. Livingston
B: "McDuffie's Guards"	Abbeville	James Perrin
C: "the Mountain Boys"	Pickens	J.J. Norton
D: "Orr's Rifles"	Anderson	Frank E. Harrison
E: "the Oconee Riflemen"	Pickens	Miles M. Norton
F: "the Blue Ridge Rifles"	Pickens	Robert A. Hawthorne
G: "the Marshall Riflemen"	Abbeville	C. McDuffie Miller
H: "the Pee Dee Guards"	Marion	George M. Fairlee
I: not created
K: "the Marshall Guards"	Anderson	George W. Cox
L: "the Calhoun Guards"	Anderson	John B. Moore

The regiment had seen no action by the time Orr left, but the name "Orr's Rifles" stuck throughout the war.

Initial duty

First posted to Sullivan's Island, SC to defend Charleston Harbor, others called them the "Pound Cake Regiment" in reference to their "light" garrison duty.

Transfer to Virginia

In April 1862, the full-strength 1,000-man unit was transferred to Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia (ANV). In June, it was incorporated into Gregg's Brigade, of A.P. Hill's Light Division, of Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson Corps (often termed the "Left Wing" early in the war).

Battles Not Included

The following actions fall into two categories: they are mentioned in various on-line sources, but are not yet sufficiently documented for inclusion in the template at right; or they are included, under a different name...

Glendale (VA - 30 June 1862): listed here as Frayser's Farm.

Second Bull Run (VA - 28-30 Aug. 1862): Usually called Second Manassas by Confederate sources.

Chantilly (VA - 1 Sept. 1862): Usually called Ox Hill by Confederate sources.

Antietam (MD - 17 Sept. 1862): Usually called Sharpsburg by Confederate sources.

Franklin's Crossing (VA - 5 June 1863): also called the Deep Run Battle, involved A. P. Hill's Corps, possibly including Orr's Rifles.

Falling Waters (MD - 14 July 1863): Apparently this action occurred during the retreat from Gettysburg, part of the Battle of Williamsport. Unfortunately, Wikipedia's article does not mention Orr's Rifles, nor the brigade, division, or corps to which it was subordinate.
CAVEAT Do not confuse this with the battle of the same name that took place on 2 July 1861.

Second Deep Bottom (VA - 14-20 Aug. 1864): Usually called Fussell's Mill by Confederate sources.

First Squirrel Level Road (VA - 30 Sept. 1864): This seems to be part of the Peebles' Farm which is also known as Poplar Springs Church. Could Jones Farm (VA - 30 Sept. 1864) and/or First Pegram's Farm (VA - 1 Oct. 1864) also be parts of this same battle?

Five Forks (VA - 1 April 1865): As with Falling Waters the Wikipedia article makes no mention of Orr's Rifles involvement in action to the west. Anyway, A.P. Hill was still holding the line at Petersburg when the breakthrough occurred on 2 April.

Appomattox Court House (VA - 9 April 1865): Orr's Rifles was surrendered at that locale, but probably did not take part in this battle, which was fought primarily by the Second Corps.

Surrender

Lee surrendered the ANV, including Orr's Rifles, at Appomattox Court House on 9 April 1865. After three years of combat, the regiment comprised 9 officers and 148 enlisted men.

References

This article incorporates public domain material from the United States Government document "Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System, National Park Service".

Regiment details
Regiment rosters
- National Park Service
- Ancestry.com

All or a portion of this article consists of text from Wikipedia, and is therefore Creative Commons Licensed under GFDL.
The original article can be found at 1st South Carolina Rifle Regiment and the edit history here.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{no footnotes|date=August 2013}}
 {{Infobox military unit
 |unit_name= 1st South Carolina (Orr's) Rifle Regiment
-|image= [[Image:Flag of South Carolina.svg|100px]]
+|image=Flag of South Carolina.svg
+|image_size=100px
 |caption= Flag of South Carolina
 |dates= July 20, 1861 to April 10, 1865
 |country= [[Confederate States of America]]
-|allegiance= [[Confederate States Army|CSA]] [[Image:Confederate National Flag since Mar 4 1865.svg|border|30px|Dixie]]
+|allegiance= [[Confederate States Army|CSA]] [[File:Confederate National Flag since Mar 4 1865.svg|border|30px|Dixie]]
 |branch= [[Infantry]]
+|battles=[[Seven Days Battles|the Seven Days]]:<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* [[Battle of Beaver Dam Creek|Beaver Dam Creek]]<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* [[Battle of Gaines's Mill|Gaines' Mill]]<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* [[Battle of Glendale|Frayser's Farm]]<BR>[[Battle of Cedar Mountain|Cedar Mountain]]<BR>[[Manassas Station Operations (Stonewall Jackson)|Manassas Station Ops]]<BR>[[Second Battle of Bull Run|Second Manassas]]<BR>[[Battle of Chantilly|Ox Hill]]<BR>[[Battle of Harpers Ferry|Harpers Ferry]]<BR>[[Battle of Antietam|Sharpsburg]]<BR>[[Battle of Shepherdstown|Shepherdstown]]<BR>[[Battle of Fredericksburg|Fredericksburg]]<BR>[[Battle of Chancellorsville|Chancellorsville]]<BR>[[Battle of Gettysburg|Gettysburg]]<BR>[[Battle of Bristoe Station|Bristoe Station]]<BR>[[Battle of Mine Run|Mine Run]]<BR>[[Battle of the Wilderness|the Wilderness]]<BR>[[Battle of Spotsylvania Court House|Spotsylvania Court House]]<BR>[[Battle of North Anna|North Anna]]<BR>[[Battle of Cold Harbor|Cold Harbor]]<BR>[[Siege of Petersburg|Petersburg Siege]]<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* [[Battle of Jerusalem Plank Road|Jerusalem Plank Road]]<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* [[Second Battle of Deep Bottom|Fussell's Mill]]<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* [[Second Battle of Ream's Station|Second Ream's Station]]<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* [[Battle of Peebles's Farm|Peebles' Farm]]<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* [[Battle of Boydton Plank Road|Boydton Plank Road]]<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* [[Third Battle of Petersburg|Third Petersburg]]
-|equipment=
-<!-- Culture and history -->
-|battles=[[Seven_Days_Battles|the Seven Days]]:<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* [[Battle_of_Beaver_Dam_Creek|Beaver Dam Creek]]<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* [[Battle_of_Gaines's_Mill|Gaines' Mill]]<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* [[Battle_of_Glendale|Frayser's Farm]]<BR>[[Battle_of_Cedar_Mountain|Cedar Mountain]]<BR>[[Manassas_Station_Operations_(Stonewall_Jackson)|Manassas Station Ops]]<BR>[[Second_Battle_of_Bull_Run|Second Manassas]]<BR>[[Battle_of_Chantilly|Ox Hill]]<BR>[[Battle_of_Harpers_Ferry|Harpers Ferry]]<BR>[[Battle_of_Antietam|Sharpsburg]]<BR>[[Battle_of_Shepherdstown|Shepherdstown]]<BR>[[Battle_of_Fredericksburg|Fredericksburg]]<BR>[[Battle_of_Chancellorsville|Chancellorsville]]<BR>[[Battle_of_Gettysburg|Gettysburg]]<BR>[[Battle_of_Bristoe_Station|Bristoe Station]]<BR>[[Battle_of_Mine_Run|Mine Run]]<BR>[[Battle_of_the_Wilderness|the Wilderness]]<BR>[[Battle_of_Spotsylvania_Court_House|Spotsylvania Court House]]<BR>[[Battle_of_North_Anna|North Anna]]<BR>[[Battle_of_Cold_Harbor|Cold Harbor]]<BR>[[Siege_of_Petersburg|Petersburg Siege]]<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* [[Battle_of_Jerusalem_Plank_Road|Jerusalem Plank Road]]<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* [[Second_Battle_of_Deep_Bottom|Fussell's Mill]]<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* [[Second_Battle_of_Ream's_Station|Second Ream's Station]]<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* [[Battle_of_Peebles's_Farm|Peebles' Farm]]<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* [[Battle_of_Boydton_Plank_Road|Boydton Plank Road]]<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;* [[Third_Battle_of_Petersburg|Third Petersburg]]
 }}
-'''Orr's Rifles''' was a [[South Carolina]] [[infantry]] [[regiment]] that served in the [[Confederate States Army]] during the [[American Civil War]].
+'''Orr's Rifles''' was a South Carolina [[infantry]] [[regiment]] that served in the [[Confederate States Army]] during the [[American Civil War]].
 ==History==
 ===Formation===
-On 20 July 1861, [[James Lawrence Orr]] organized the First South Carolina Rifle Regiment at [[Sandy_Springs,_South_Carolina|Sandy Springs]]. He was elected [[Colonel]]; J. Foster Marshall was elected [[Lieutenant_colonel_(United_States)|Lt. Colonel]], and Daniel A. Ledbetter, [[Major_(United_States)|Major]]. Ten [[Company|companies]] were recruited in the following districts ([[county|counties]] were known as [[List_of_counties_in_South_Carolina#History|districts]] between 1800 & 1868)...
+On 20 July 1861, [[James Lawrence Orr]] organized the First South Carolina Rifle Regiment at [[Sandy Springs, South Carolina|Sandy Springs]]. He was elected [[Colonel]]; J. Foster Marshall was elected [[Lieutenant colonel (United States)|Lt. Colonel]], and Daniel A. Ledbetter, [[Major (United States)|Major]]. Ten companies were recruited in the following districts (counties were known as [[List of counties in South Carolina#History|districts]] between 1800 & 1868)...
 {| border="1" class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
@@ Line 23: / Line 21: @@
 ! Company: Nickname
 ! District
-! [[Captain_(United_States)|Captain]]
+! [[Captain (United States)|Captain]]
 |-
-| '''A''': "the Keowee Riflemen" || [[Pickens_County,_South_Carolina|Pickens]] || J.W. Livingston
+| '''A''': "the Keowee Riflemen" || Pickens || J.W. Livingston
 |-
-| '''B''': "McDuffie's Guards" || [[Abbeville_County,_South_Carolina|Abbeville]] || James Perrin
+| '''B''': "McDuffie's Guards" || Abbeville || James Perrin
 |-
 | '''C''': "the Mountain Boys" || Pickens || J.J. Norton
 |-
-| '''D''': "Orr's Rifles" || [[Anderson_County,_South_Carolina|Anderson]] || Frank E. Harrison
+| '''D''': "Orr's Rifles" || Anderson || Frank E. Harrison
 |-
 | '''E''': "the Oconee Riflemen" || Pickens || Miles M. Norton
@@ Line 39: / Line 37: @@
 | '''G''': "the Marshall Riflemen" || Abbeville || C. McDuffie Miller
 |-
-| '''H''': "the Pee Dee Guards" || [[Marion_County,_South_Carolina|Marion]] || George M. Fairlee
+| '''H''': "the Pee Dee Guards" || Marion || George M. Fairlee
 |-
 | bgcolor=silver colspan="3" |'''I''': ''not created''
@@ Line 51: / Line 49: @@
 ===Initial duty===
-First posted to [[Sullivan's_Island,_South_Carolina|Sullivan's Island, SC]] to defend [[Charleston Harbor]], others called them the "Pound Cake Regiment" in reference to their "light" [[garrison]] duty.
+First posted to [[Sullivan's Island, South Carolina|Sullivan's Island, SC]] to defend Charleston Harbor, others called them the "Pound Cake Regiment" in reference to their "light" [[garrison]] duty.
 ===Transfer to Virginia===
-In April 1862, the full-strength 1,000-man unit was transferred to [[Robert E. Lee]]’s [[Army of Northern Virginia]] (ANV). In June, it was incorporated into [[Maxcy_Gregg|Gregg]]'s [[Brigade]], of [[A._P._Hill|A.P. Hill]]'s [[A._P._Hill's_Light_Division|Light Division]], of [[Stonewall_Jackson|Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson]] [[Third_Corps,_Army_of_Northern_Virginia|Corps]] (often termed the "Left Wing" early in the war).
+In April 1862, the full-strength 1,000-man unit was transferred to [[Robert E. Lee]]’s [[Army of Northern Virginia]] (ANV). In June, it was incorporated into [[Maxcy Gregg|Gregg]]'s [[Brigade]], of [[A. P. Hill|A.P. Hill]]'s [[A. P. Hill's Light Division|Light Division]], of [[Stonewall Jackson|Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson]] [[Third Corps, Army of Northern Virginia|Corps]] (often termed the "Left Wing" early in the war).
 ===Battles Not Included===
 The following actions fall into two categories: they are mentioned in various on-line sources, but are not yet sufficiently documented for inclusion in the template at right; '''or''' they ''are'' included, under a different name...
-; [[Battle_of_Glendale|Glendale]] (VA - 30 June 1862) : listed here as '''Frayser's Farm'''.
+; [[Battle of Glendale|Glendale]] (VA - 30 June 1862) : listed here as '''Frayser's Farm'''.
-; [[Second_Battle_of_Bull_Run|Second Bull Run]] (VA - 28-30 Aug. 1862) : Usually called '''Second Manassas''' by Confederate sources.
+; [[Second Battle of Bull Run|Second Bull Run]] (VA - 28-30 Aug. 1862) : Usually called '''Second Manassas''' by Confederate sources.
-; [[Battle_of_Chantilly|Chantilly]] (VA - 1 Sept. 1862) : Usually called '''Ox Hill''' by Confederate sources.
+; [[Battle of Chantilly|Chantilly]] (VA - 1 Sept. 1862) : Usually called '''Ox Hill''' by Confederate sources.
 ; [[Battle of Antietam|Antietam]] (MD - 17 Sept. 1862) : Usually called '''Sharpsburg''' by Confederate sources.
-; [[Battle_of_Franklin's_Crossing|Franklin's Crossing]] (VA - 5 June 1863) : also called '''the Deep Run Battle''', involved [[A. P. Hill]]'s Corps, possibly including Orr's Rifles.
+; [[Battle of Franklin's Crossing|Franklin's Crossing]] (VA - 5 June 1863) : also called '''the Deep Run Battle''', involved [[A. P. Hill]]'s Corps, possibly including Orr's Rifles.
-; Falling Waters (MD - 14 July 1863) : Apparently this action occurred during the retreat from Gettysburg, part of the [[Battle of Williamsport]]. Unfortunately, Wikipedia's article does not mention Orr's Rifles, nor the brigade, division, or corps to which it was subordinate.<BR>''CAVEAT'' Do not confuse this with the [[Battle_of_Falling_Waters|battle of the same name]] that took place on 2 July 1861.
+; Falling Waters (MD - 14 July 1863) : Apparently this action occurred during the retreat from Gettysburg, part of the [[Battle of Williamsport]]. Unfortunately, Wikipedia's article does not mention Orr's Rifles, nor the brigade, division, or corps to which it was subordinate.<BR>''CAVEAT'' Do not confuse this with the [[Battle of Falling Waters|battle of the same name]] that took place on 2 July 1861.
-; [[Second_Battle_of_Deep_Bottom|Second Deep Bottom]] (VA - 14-20 Aug. 1864) : Usually called '''Fussell's Mill''' by Confederate sources.
+; [[Second Battle of Deep Bottom|Second Deep Bottom]] (VA - 14-20 Aug. 1864) : Usually called '''Fussell's Mill''' by Confederate sources.
 ; First Squirrel Level Road (VA - 30 Sept. 1864) : This seems to be part of the [[Battle of Peebles's Farm|Peebles' Farm]] which is also known as '''Poplar Springs Church'''. Could  '''Jones Farm''' (VA - 30 Sept. 1864) and/or '''First Pegram's Farm''' (VA - 1 Oct. 1864) also be parts of this same battle?
-; [[Battle_of_Five_Forks|Five Forks]] (VA - 1 April 1865) : As with '''Falling Waters''' the Wikipedia article makes no mention of Orr's Rifles involvement in action to the west. Anyway, A.P. Hill was still holding the line at Petersburg when the [[Third_Battle_of_Petersburg|breakthrough]] occurred on 2 April.
+; [[Battle of Five Forks|Five Forks]] (VA - 1 April 1865) : As with '''Falling Waters''' the Wikipedia article makes no mention of Orr's Rifles involvement in action to the west. Anyway, A.P. Hill was still holding the line at Petersburg when the [[Third Battle of Petersburg|breakthrough]] occurred on 2 April.
-; [[Battle_of_Appomattox_Court_House|Appomattox Court House]] (VA - 9 April 1865) : Orr's Rifles was surrendered at that locale, but probably did '''not''' take part in this battle, which was fought primarily by the [[Second_Corps,_Army_of_Northern_Virginia|Second Corps]].
+; [[Battle of Appomattox Court House|Appomattox Court House]] (VA - 9 April 1865) : Orr's Rifles was surrendered at that locale, but probably did '''not''' take part in this battle, which was fought primarily by the [[Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia|Second Corps]].
 ===Surrender===
-Lee surrendered the ANV, including Orr's Rifles, at [[Old_Appomattox_Court_House|Appomattox Court House]] on 9 April, 1865. After three years of combat, the regiment comprised 9 officers and 148 enlisted men.
+Lee surrendered the ANV, including Orr's Rifles, at [[Old Appomattox Court House|Appomattox Court House]] on 9 April 1865. After three years of combat, the regiment comprised 9 officers and 148 enlisted men.
 {{reflist}}
@@ Line 97: / Line 95: @@
 ** [http://www.nps.gov/civilwar/search-soldiers.htm?submitted=1&SDunitCode=CSC0001R005 National Park Service]
 ** [http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~scwbts/orrsroster.html Ancestry.com]
+{{Wikipedia|1st South Carolina Rifle Regiment}}
 [[Category:South Carolina Confederate Civil War regiments]]