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Changes: 35th Infantry Division (United States)

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{{Infobox military unit
  
{{Infobox military unit
 
|unit_name= 35th Infantry Division
  
|unit_name= 35th Infantry Division
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|image=[[File:35th Infantry Division SSI.svg|200px]]
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|image=35th Infantry Division SSI.svg
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|image_size=200px
 
|caption=35th Infantry Division shoulder sleeve insignia
  
|caption=35th Infantry Division shoulder sleeve insignia
 
|dates= 1917–1919<br/>1935–1945<br/>1946–1963<br/>1963–1968 (Kansas)<br/>1984–present
  
|dates= 1917–1919<br/>1935–1945<br/>1946–1963<br/>1963–1968 (Kansas)<br/>1984–present
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|branch= [[Army National Guard]]
  
|branch= [[Army National Guard]]
 
|type= Infantry
  
|type= Infantry
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|role=
  
 
|size= Division
  
|size= Division
 
|garrison=[[Fort Leavenworth]]
  
|garrison=[[Fort Leavenworth]]
 
|garrison_label=Headquarters
  
|garrison_label=Headquarters
 
|nickname=''Santa Fe'' ([[Special Designation]])<ref name = SUD>{{cite web| title = Special Designation Listing| url = http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/spdes-123-arng.html| publisher=[[United States Army Center of Military History]]| date = 21 April 2010| accessdate =14 July 2010| archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20100609010028/http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/spdes-123-arng.html| archivedate= 9 June 2010 | deadurl= no}}</ref>
  
|nickname=''Santa Fe'' ([[Special Designation]])<ref name = SUD>{{cite web| title = Special Designation Listing| url = http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/spdes-123-arng.html| publisher=[[United States Army Center of Military History]]| date = 21 April 2010| accessdate =14 July 2010| archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20100609010028/http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/spdes-123-arng.html| archivedate= 9 June 2010 | deadurl= no}}</ref>
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|patron=
  
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|motto=
  
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|march=
  
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|mascot=
  
 
|battles=[[Mexican Revolution]]<br/>*[[Battle of Ambos Nogales]]<br/>World War I<br/>*[[Meuse-Argonne offensive|Meuse-Argonne]]<br/>[[World War II]]<br/>*[[Operation Overlord]]<br/>*[[Northern France Campaign (1944)|Northern France Campaign]]<br/>*[[Battle of the Bulge]]<br/>*[[Operation Grenade]]<br/>*[[Rhineland Campaign]]<br/>*[[Central Europe Campaign|Central Europe]]<br/>[[Kosovo War]]<br/>Katrina Relief
  
|battles=[[Mexican Revolution]]<br/>*[[Battle of Ambos Nogales]]<br/>World War I<br/>*[[Meuse-Argonne offensive|Meuse-Argonne]]<br/>[[World War II]]<br/>*[[Operation Overlord]]<br/>*[[Northern France Campaign (1944)|Northern France Campaign]]<br/>*[[Battle of the Bulge]]<br/>*[[Operation Grenade]]<br/>*[[Rhineland Campaign]]<br/>*[[Central Europe Campaign|Central Europe]]<br/>[[Kosovo War]]<br/>Katrina Relief
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|anniversaries=
  
 
|decorations=
  
|decorations=
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|battle_honours=
  
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<!-- Commanders -->
  
 
|current_commander=
  
|current_commander=
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|current_commander_label=
  
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|ceremonial_chief=
  
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|ceremonial_chief_label=
  
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|colonel_of_the_regiment=
  
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|colonel_of_the_regiment_label=
  
 
|notable_commanders=Maj. Gen. [[William H. Simpson]]
  
|notable_commanders=Maj. Gen. [[William H. Simpson]]
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<!-- Insignia -->
  
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|identification_symbol=
  
 
|identification_symbol_label=distinctive unit insignia
  
|identification_symbol_label=distinctive unit insignia
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|identification_symbol_2=
  
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|identification_symbol_2_label=
  
 
}}
  
}}
 
The '''35th Infantry Division''' ("'''Santa Fe'''"<ref name = SUD/>) has been a [[formation (military)|formation]] of the [[National Guard of the United States|National Guard]] since World War I.
  
The '''35th Infantry Division''' ("'''Santa Fe'''"<ref name = SUD/>) has been a [[formation (military)|formation]] of the [[National Guard of the United States|National Guard]] since World War I.
   
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It is headquartered at [[Fort Leavenworth]] and its personnel come from [[Illinois]], [[Kansas]] and [[Missouri]].
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It is headquartered at [[Fort Leavenworth]] and its personnel come from Illinois, Kansas and Missouri.
   
 
==Lineage==
  
==Lineage==
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*13 September 1935 – reorganized at Kansas City, Missouri with training at [[Camp Robinson]], Arkansas (units from Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska)
  
*13 September 1935 – reorganized at Kansas City, Missouri with training at [[Camp Robinson]], Arkansas (units from Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska)
 
*7 December 1945 – inactivated at [[Camp Breckinridge]], Kentucky
  
*7 December 1945 – inactivated at [[Camp Breckinridge]], Kentucky
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*5 October 1946 – portion organized in [[Topeka, Kansas|Topeka]], Kansas; 3 April 1947 at Sedalia, Missouri; 4 April 1947 at Kansas City
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*5 October 1946 – portion organized in Topeka, Kansas; 3 April 1947 at Sedalia, Missouri; 4 April 1947 at Kansas City
 
*1 April 1963 – Kansas portion becomes Headquarters 69th Infantry Brigade
  
*1 April 1963 – Kansas portion becomes Headquarters 69th Infantry Brigade
 
*13 May 1968 – ordered to federal service Topeka
  
*13 May 1968 – ordered to federal service Topeka
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===Combat Chronicle===
  
===Combat Chronicle===
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The division was organized in August 1917 as a [[National Guard of the United States|National Guard]] formation with troops from [[Kansas]] and [[Missouri]], after a few months as the 14th Division. It consisted of the 69th Infantry Brigade (137th and 138th Infantry Regiments) and the 70th Infantry Brigade (139th and 140th Infantry Regiments).
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The division was organized in August 1917 as a [[National Guard of the United States|National Guard]] formation with troops from Kansas and Missouri, after a few months as the 14th Division. It consisted of the 69th Infantry Brigade (137th and 138th Infantry Regiments) and the 70th Infantry Brigade (139th and 140th Infantry Regiments).
   
 
It went overseas in May 1918. Upon arrival in France, the 35th Division was garrisoned near the front in Alsace. It received limited training from the French Army.
  
It went overseas in May 1918. Upon arrival in France, the 35th Division was garrisoned near the front in Alsace. It received limited training from the French Army.
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The division was transferred to the [[Western Defense Command]] following the debacle of Pearl Harbor. In California, in March 1942 the division underwent 'triangularization' losing two of its regiments and both brigade headquarters.<ref>[http://www.137thinfantry.org/history.htm History of the Santa Fe Division], accessed December 2012.</ref> From here the division moved north for further training at [[Camp San Luis Obispo]] where a third regiment was added to complete the three regiment organization. Added to the [[137th Infantry Regiment (United States)|137th Infantry Regiment]] from Kansas and the [[134th Infantry Regiment (United States)|134th Infantry Regiment]] from Nebraska was the [[320th Infantry Regiment]] (draftees).
  
The division was transferred to the [[Western Defense Command]] following the debacle of Pearl Harbor. In California, in March 1942 the division underwent 'triangularization' losing two of its regiments and both brigade headquarters.<ref>[http://www.137thinfantry.org/history.htm History of the Santa Fe Division], accessed December 2012.</ref> From here the division moved north for further training at [[Camp San Luis Obispo]] where a third regiment was added to complete the three regiment organization. Added to the [[137th Infantry Regiment (United States)|137th Infantry Regiment]] from Kansas and the [[134th Infantry Regiment (United States)|134th Infantry Regiment]] from Nebraska was the [[320th Infantry Regiment]] (draftees).
   
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The division departed for Europe on 12 May 1944. It arrived in the [[United Kingdom]] on 25 May 1944, and received further training. It landed on [[Omaha Beach]], [[Normandy]], 5–7 July 1944, and entered combat 11 July, fighting in the Normandy hedgerows, north of Saint-Lô. The Division beat off 12 German counterattacks at [[Emelie]] before entering Saint-Lô, 18 July. After mopping up in the Saint-Lô area, it took part in the offensive action southwest of Saint-Lô, pushing the Germans across the Vire River, 2 August, and breaking out of the [[Cotentin Peninsula]]. While en route to an assembly area, the Division took part in the attempt to stop [[Operation Luttich]], secure the Mortain-Avranches corridor and to relieve the [[30th Infantry Division (United States)|30th Division]], which was taking a severe beating from the [[Operation Luttich|Germans' assault]], 7–13 August.
 +
The division departed for Europe on 12 May 1944. It arrived in the [[United Kingdom]] on 25 May 1944, and received further training. It landed on [[Omaha Beach]], [[Normandy]], 5–7 July 1944, and entered combat 11 July, fighting in the Normandy hedgerows, north of Saint-Lô. The Division beat off 12 German counterattacks at [[Emelie]] before entering Saint-Lô, 18 July. After mopping up in the Saint-Lô area, it took part in the offensive action southwest of Saint-Lô, pushing the Germans across the Vire River, 2 August, and breaking out of the Cotentin Peninsula. While en route to an assembly area, the Division took part in the attempt to stop [[Operation Luttich]], secure the Mortain-Avranches corridor and to relieve the [[30th Infantry Division (United States)|30th Division]], which was taking a severe beating from the [[Operation Luttich|Germans' assault]], 7–13 August.
   
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Then racing across France through Orléans and [[Sens]], the Division attacked across the Moselle, 13 September, captured [[Nancy, Meurthe-et-Moselle|Nancy]], 15 September, secured [[Chambrey]], 1 October, and drove on to the [[Germany|German border]], taking [[Sarreguemines]] and crossing the Saar, 8 December. After crossing the [[Blies]] River, 12 December, the Division moved to Metz for rest and rehabilitation, 19 December. The 35th moved to [[Arlon]], Belgium, 25–26 December, and took part in the fighting to relieve Bastogne, throwing off the attacks of four German divisions, taking Villers-laBonne-Eau, 10 January, after a 13-day fight and Lutrebois in a 5-day engagement. On 18 January 1945, the Division returned to Metz to resume its interrupted rest. In late January, the Division was defending the Foret de Domaniale area.
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Then racing across France through Orléans and [[Sens]], the Division attacked across the Moselle, 13 September, captured [[Nancy, Meurthe-et-Moselle|Nancy]], 15 September, secured [[Chambrey]], 1 October, and drove on to the German border, taking [[Sarreguemines]] and crossing the Saar, 8 December. After crossing the [[Blies]] River, 12 December, the Division moved to Metz for rest and rehabilitation, 19 December. The 35th moved to [[Arlon]], Belgium, 25–26 December, and took part in the fighting to relieve Bastogne, throwing off the attacks of four German divisions, taking Villers-laBonne-Eau, 10 January, after a 13-day fight and Lutrebois in a 5-day engagement. On 18 January 1945, the Division returned to Metz to resume its interrupted rest. In late January, the Division was defending the Foret de Domaniale area.
   
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Moving to the Netherlands to hold a defensive line along the [[Roer]], 22 February, the Division attacked across the Roer, 23 February, pierced the [[Siegfried Line]], reached the Rhine at Wesel, 10 March, and crossed, 25–26 March. It smashed across the Herne Canal and reached the Ruhr River early in April, when it was ordered to move to the Elbe, 12 April. Making the 295-mile dash in 2 days, the 35th mopped up in the vicinity of Colbitz and Angern, until 26 April 1945, when it moved to Hanover for occupational and mopping-up duty, continuing occupation beyond [[Victory in Europe Day|VE-day]]. The Division left Southampton, England, 5 September, and arrived in New York City, 10 September 1945.
 +
Moving to the Netherlands to hold a defensive line along the Roer, 22 February, the Division attacked across the Roer, 23 February, pierced the [[Siegfried Line]], reached the Rhine at Wesel, 10 March, and crossed, 25–26 March. It smashed across the Herne Canal and reached the Ruhr River early in April, when it was ordered to move to the Elbe, 12 April. Making the 295-mile dash in 2 days, the 35th mopped up in the vicinity of Colbitz and Angern, until 26 April 1945, when it moved to Hanover for occupational and mopping-up duty, continuing occupation beyond [[Victory in Europe Day|VE-day]]. The Division left Southampton, England, 5 September, and arrived in New York City, 10 September 1945.
   
 
===Assignments in the European Theater of Operations===
  
===Assignments in the European Theater of Operations===
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*16 April 1945: XIII Corps.
  
*16 April 1945: XIII Corps.
   
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During World War II, the 320th Infantry Regiment had, as an operations officer (S-3), Maj. [[Orval Faubus]], later Governor of [[Arkansas]].
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During World War II, the 320th Infantry Regiment had, as an operations officer (S-3), Maj. [[Orval Faubus]], later Governor of Arkansas.
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The 134th Infantry Regiment had, as Commander of Company C and 1st Battalion Commander, Lt. Col. [[John E. Davis]], later Governor of [[North Dakota]].
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The 134th Infantry Regiment had, as Commander of Company C and 1st Battalion Commander, Lt. Col. [[John E. Davis]], later Governor of North Dakota.
   
 
==Cold War to present==
  
==Cold War to present==
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===Bosnia===
  
===Bosnia===
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The 35th Infantry Division Headquarters Commanded Task Force Eagle of Multi-National Division North in Bosnia and Herzegovina as part of SFOR-13 (Stabilization Force) with the NATO peacekeeping mandate under the [[Dayton Peace Accords]]. The Headquarters were located at Eagle Base in the town of [[Tuzla]]. [[Brigadier General]] James R. Mason was the commander. He later went on to command the 35th Infantry Division. The Division received the Army Superior Unit Award for its service in Bosnia. The 35th Division was notable for its smooth coordination of Inter-Brigade Operations.{{Citation needed|date=November 2013}} Division Liaison Officers served in the towns of [[Mostar]], Sarajevo, [[Banja Luka]], [[Zenica]] and [[Doboj]].
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The 35th Infantry Division Headquarters Commanded Task Force Eagle of Multi-National Division North in Bosnia and Herzegovina as part of SFOR-13 (Stabilization Force) with the NATO peacekeeping mandate under the [[Dayton Peace Accords]]. The Headquarters were located at Eagle Base in the town of Tuzla. [[Brigadier General]] James R. Mason was the commander. He later went on to command the 35th Infantry Division. The Division received the Army Superior Unit Award for its service in Bosnia. The 35th Division was notable for its smooth coordination of Inter-Brigade Operations.{{Citation needed|date=November 2014}} Division Liaison Officers served in the towns of Mostar, Sarajevo, Banja Luka, [[Zenica]] and [[Doboj]].
   
 
===Hurricane Katrina===
  
===Hurricane Katrina===
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The 35th provided headquarters control for the National Guard units deployed to [[Louisiana]] in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina.<ref>Maj. Les A. Melnyk, [https://www.armywell-being.org/skins/wblo/display.aspx?ModuleID=f6c229ca-03ae-4c81-8d0a-81a5a0c208f9&Action=display_user_object&CategoryID=2e7d5d67-11d7-466f-9fce-22414c37fd5b&ObjectID=ad286cbe-c787-4b87-a2e5-2aeb3df87d5c&AllowSSL=true News analysis: Guard transformation taking shape], Army News Service, 13 January 2006</ref> while the 38th Division did the same for Mississippi.
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The 35th provided headquarters control for the National Guard units deployed to Louisiana in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina.<ref>Maj. Les A. Melnyk, [https://www.armywell-being.org/skins/wblo/display.aspx?ModuleID=f6c229ca-03ae-4c81-8d0a-81a5a0c208f9&Action=display_user_object&CategoryID=2e7d5d67-11d7-466f-9fce-22414c37fd5b&ObjectID=ad286cbe-c787-4b87-a2e5-2aeb3df87d5c&AllowSSL=true News analysis: Guard transformation taking shape], Army News Service, 13 January 2006</ref> while the 38th Division did the same for Mississippi.
   
 
===Kosovo===
  
===Kosovo===
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==In popular culture==
  
==In popular culture==
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In the 1970 World War II-era film ''[[Kelly's Heroes]]'' (starring [[Clint Eastwood]]), the American soldiers portrayed in the film are primarily from the 35th Infantry Division.
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In the 1970 World War II-era film ''Kelly's Heroes'' (starring Clint Eastwood), the American soldiers portrayed in the film are primarily from the 35th Infantry Division.
   
 
==References==
  
==References==
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{{ACMH|url=http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/cbtchron/cc/035id.htm| article = "35th Infantry Division WWII Combat Chronicle" from ''The Army Almanac: A Book of Facts Concerning the Army of the United States''U.S. Government Printing Office, 1950}}
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{{Army Center of Military History|url=http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/cbtchron/cc/035id.htm| article = "35th Infantry Division WWII Combat Chronicle" from ''The Army Almanac: A Book of Facts Concerning the Army of the United States''U.S. Government Printing Office, 1950}}
 
{{reflist}}
  
{{reflist}}
 
*''The Army Almanac: A Book of Facts Concerning the Army of the United States'' U.S. Government Printing Office, 1950 reproduced at [http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/cbtchron/cbtchron.html CMH].
  
*''The Army Almanac: A Book of Facts Concerning the Army of the United States'' U.S. Government Printing Office, 1950 reproduced at [http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/cbtchron/cbtchron.html CMH].

Revision as of 17:35, 14 December 2019

35th Infantry Division
35th Infantry Division SSI
35th Infantry Division shoulder sleeve insignia
Active 1917–1919
1935–1945
1946–1963
1963–1968 (Kansas)
1984–present
Country United States
Branch Army National Guard
Type Infantry
Size Division
Headquarters Fort Leavenworth
Nickname(s) Santa Fe (Special Designation)[1]
Engagements Mexican Revolution
*Battle of Ambos Nogales
World War I
*Meuse-Argonne
World War II
*Operation Overlord
*Northern France Campaign
*Battle of the Bulge
*Operation Grenade
*Rhineland Campaign
*Central Europe
Kosovo War
Katrina Relief
Commanders
Notable
commanders		 Maj. Gen. William H. Simpson

The 35th Infantry Division ("Santa Fe"[1]) has been a formation of the National Guard since World War I.

It is headquartered at Fort Leavenworth and its personnel come from Illinois, Kansas and Missouri.

Lineage

  • 18 July 1917 – Constituted
  • 25 August 1917 – organized at Camp Doniphan, Oklahoma (National Guards of Missouri and Kansas)[2]
  • 30 May 1919 – demobilized at Camp Funston, Kansas.
  • 13 September 1935 – reorganized at Kansas City, Missouri with training at Camp Robinson, Arkansas (units from Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska)
  • 7 December 1945 – inactivated at Camp Breckinridge, Kentucky
  • 5 October 1946 – portion organized in Topeka, Kansas; 3 April 1947 at Sedalia, Missouri; 4 April 1947 at Kansas City
  • 1 April 1963 – Kansas portion becomes Headquarters 69th Infantry Brigade
  • 13 May 1968 – ordered to federal service Topeka
  • 13 December 1969 – released from service and reverted to state control
  • 25 August 1984 – Organized as Headquarters, 35th Infantry Division, and headquartered at Fort Leavenworth[3]

World War I

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