Antonov An-28

An-28
File:File:PZL-Mielec An-28, Chaika Avia Company AN1414321.jpg
Antonov An-28
Role	Short-range airliner
Manufacturer	Antonov
Built by	WSK PZL Mielec
First flight	September 1969
Introduction	1986
Status	Operational
Primary user	Aeroflot
Produced	1975–1993
Number built	191
Developed from	Antonov An-14
Variants	PZL M28
Developed into	Antonov An-38

The Antonov An-28 (NATO reporting name Cash) is a twin-engined light turboprop transport aircraft, developed from the Antonov An-14M. It was the winner of a competition against the Beriev Be-30, for use by Aeroflot as a short-range airliner. It first flew in 1969. A total of 191 were built and 16 remain in airline service as at August 2015. After a short pre-production series built by Antonov, it was licence-built in Poland by PZL-Mielec. In 1993, PZL-Mielec developed its own improved variant, the PZL M28 Skytruck.

Development

The An-28 is similar to the An-14 in many aspects, including its wing structure and twin rudders, but features an expanded fuselage and turboprop engines, in place of the An-14's piston engines. The An-28 first flew as a modified An-14 in 1969. The next preproduction model did not fly until 1975. In passenger carrying configuration, accommodation was provided for up to 15 people, in addition to the two-man crew. Production was transferred to PZL-Mielec in 1978. The first Polish-built aircraft did not fly until 1984. The An-28 finally received its Soviet type certificate in 1986.

Variants

An-14A

The original Antonov designation for an enlarged, twin-turboprop version of the An-14.

An-14M

Prototype.

An-28

Twin-engined short-range utility transport aircraft, three built.

An-28RM Bryza 1RM

Search and rescue, air ambulance aircraft.

An-28TD Bryza 1TD

Transport version.

An-28PT

Variant with Pratt & Whitney engines first flown 22 July 1993.

Operators

Civil operators

File:Antonow An-28 by Rob Vogelaar 1991.jpg

Sprint Airlines PZL-built An-28

An-28 on USSR postal stamp

Major operators of the 16 Antonov An-28 aircraft remaining in airline service include:

Armenia

• Skiva Air (2)

Russia

• Vostok Airlines (3)

Tajikistan

• Tajik Air (2)

Former operators

Kazakhstan

• Avluga-Trans (11)

Kyrgyzstan

• Kyrgyzstan Airlines (5)

Moldova

• Tepavia Trans (4)

Suriname

• Blue Wing Airlines (formerly operated five with three lost in crashes on 3 April 2008, 15 October 2009, and 15 May 2010)

Military operators

Angola

• Angolan Air Force two An-28 aircraft

Djibouti

• Djibouti Air Force one retired.

Georgia

• Georgian Air Force – two as of December 2016.

Nepal

• Nepalese Army Air Service two PZL M28 variant

Peru

• Peruvian Army two^{[citation needed]}

Poland

• Polish Air Force 24 PZL M28 variant
• Polish Navy 13 in PZL M28 variant

Tanzania

• Tanzania Air Force Command – one as of December 2016.

Venezuela

• Venezuelan Army Aviation PZL M28 variant

Vietnam

• Vietnamese People's Air Force PZL M28 variant

Former operators

Estonia

• Air Livonia

Soviet Union

• Aeroflot
• Soviet Air Force

Notable accidents and incidents

• 25 May 2005: A chartered Maniema Union Antonov An-28 aircraft, owned by Victoria Air, crashed into a mountain near Walungu in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, about 30 minutes after takeoff. All of the 22 passengers and five crew members were killed.
• 3 April 2008: An Antonov An-28 operated by Blue Wing Airlines crashed upon landing near Benzdorp in Suriname. All 19 on board were killed.
• On 15 October 2009, an Antonov An-28 of Blue Wing Airlines departed the runway on landing at Kwamelasemoetoe Airstrip, Suriname and hit an obstacle. The aircraft was substantially damaged and four people were injured, one seriously.
• 15 May 2010: An Antonov An-28 operated by Blue Wing Airlines crashed over the upper-marowijne district approximately three miles north-east of Poketi, Suriname. The two pilots and six passengers died.
• On 30 January 2012, A TRACEP-Congo Aviation An-28 crashed while on a domestic cargo flight from Bukavu-Kamenbe Airport to Namoya Airstrip, Democratic Republic of the Congo, killing three of the five crew.
• On 12 September 2012, an An-28 operated by Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Air Enterprise as Flight 251 crashed while on a domestic flight from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky to Palana Airport, killing ten of 14 people.

Specifications (An-28)

Comparison of the An-14 and the An-28

Data from Airliners.net

General characteristics

• Crew: one–two
• Capacity: 18 passengers
• Length: 12.98 m (42.57 ft)
• Wingspan: 22.00 m (72.18 ft)
• Height: 4.6 m (15.08 ft)
• Wing area: 39.7 m² (427 ft²)
• Empty weight: 3,900 kg (8,600 lb)
• Loaded weight: 5,800 kg (13,000 lb)
• Max. takeoff weight: 6,100 kg (13,450 lb)
• Powerplant: 2 × Glushenkov TVD-10B or Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-65B turboprops, 960 shp (720 kW) each

Performance

• Maximum speed: 355 km/h (190 knots, 220 mph)
• Range: 510 km (270 nm, 320 mi)
• Service ceiling: 6000 m (19,700 ft)
• Rate of climb: 12.0 m/s (2,360 ft/min)
• Wing loading: 146 kg/m² (29.9 lb/ft²)
• Power/mass: 250 W/kg (0.15 hp/lb)

See also

• Antonov An-14
• Antonov An-38
• PZL M-28 Skytruck
• CASA C-212 Aviocar
• De Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter
• Dornier 228
• GAF Nomad
• Harbin Y-12
• IAI Arava
• LET L-410 Turbolet
• Shorts SC.7 Skyvan

References

• Hoyle, Craig (6–12 December 2016). "World Air Forces Directory". pp. 22–53. ISSN 0015-3710. 

External links

• List of all PZL M28 aircraft used by Polish Air Force
• An-28/M28/M28B production list