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Anbar campaign (2013–2014)

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This article is about the current fighting in Anbar province. For the fighting during the Iraq War, see Iraq War in Anbar Province.
Anbar campaign
Part of Iraqi insurgency
Map of the Anbar clashes (2013–14)
Map showing current situation in Anbar.
For a war map of the current situation of Iraq, see here.
Date30 December 2013[3] – present
(10 years, 3 months, 2 weeks and 6 days)
LocationAl Anbar Governorate, Iraq
Result

Ongoing

  • Local tribes capture areas in various cities and allow ISIS presence.[1][4]
  • Anti-government tribesmen[1] and ISIS capture Fallujah,[5][6] Al-Karmah[7] Saqlawiyah, and Khaldiyah[8]
  • Insurgents capture parts of Hīt,[9] Haditha, Al Qaim[8] Ramadi[10] and Abu Ghraib,[11] along with numerous smaller settlements in Anbar[12]
  • Government forces recapture Ramadi[13][14]
  • By mid-May 2014, government forces secured the Fallujah Dam[15] and capture 16 villages and towns around the city[16]
  • Following insurgent Northern Iraq offensive, Iraq security forces withdraw from al-Qaim, Rawa and other positions[17]
Belligerents

Flag of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant2 Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIS)
Flag of Iraq, 1991-2004 Military Council of Anbar's Revolutionaries[1]

Flag of Iraq, 1991-2004 Anbar Tribes Revolutionary Council

Flag of Iraq, 1991-2004 Army of Pride & Dignity

Iraq Government of Iraq

Commanders and leaders
Flag of Islamic State of Iraq Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi
Flag of Islamic State of Iraq Abu Waheeb[citation needed]
Flag of the Ba'ath Party Izzat Ibrahim ad-Douri
Iraq Abdullah al-Janabi[citation needed]
Iraq Ali Hatem al-Suleiman[18]
File:IAILogo.png Ishmael Jubouri[citation needed]
File:Logo of the Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order.png Khalil al-Hayeeti†[19]

Iraq Jalal Talabani
Iraq Nouri al-Maliki
Iraq Saadoun al-Dulaimi
Iraq Ali Ghaidan Majid
Iraq Babaker Shawkat B. Zebari
Iraq Ahmed Abu Risha
Iraq Governor Ahmed Khalaf Dheyabi

Iraq Saeed Fleih al-Osman†
Units involved
Unknown 1st Division
2nd Division
Casualties and losses
2,055 killed, 528 captured[20] 500[21]–6,000 killed, 12,000 deserted[22]
924 civilians killed,[23][24][25][26][27] 480,000 IDPs (UNHCR estimate)[28]


Clashes in western Iraq began on 30 December 2013 when Iraqi security forces cleared up a Sunni protest camp in Ramadi. Tribal militias battled against the Iraqi Army. After the Iraqi Army withdrew from Anbar province to cool the situation on 31 December, militants from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIS) occupied parts of the Iraqi cities of Fallujah and Ramadi, in the predominantly Sunni Al Anbar governorate. Following the arrival of ISIS, most tribal militias in Ramadi allied themselves with government forces to counter them.[29]

Background[]

Further information: Iraqi insurgency (post-U.S. withdrawal) and 2012–13 Iraqi protests

Clashes broke out in the Ramadi area on 30 December 2013 as security forces tore down what is considered a main Sunni Arab anti-government site, and continued for two more days. On 1 January 2014, militants in the city sporadically clashed with security forces and torched four police stations, but the clashes had subsided by the next day. The violence also then spread to Fallujah, where police abandoned most of their positions and militants burned some police stations.

Groups involved[]

There are several groups comprising the non-ISIS armed opposition. Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order (JRTN) were also said to be part of the Sunni opposition to the Iraqi government.[2] The Military Council of the Tribal Revolutionaries, the largest of the non-ISIS groups, appears to include a number of groups previously involved in the Iraqi Insurgency including the JRTN, 1920 Revolution Brigade, the Islamic Army in Iraq, the Jaish al-Rashideen, Iraqi Hamas, and the former Mujahideen Shura Council of Abdullah al-Janabi.[18]

A second group, known as the Anbar Tribes Revolutionary Council is headed by Sheikh Ali Hatem al-Suleiman. This group, unlike the MCTR, doesn't actively advocate the overthrow of the Iraqi government but instead is limited in ambition to defending Anbar from what it sees as aggression from the Iraqi central government.[18]

The final group is known as the Army of Pride and Dignity, although the group is distinct from the group of the same name formed by Sheikh Ali Hatem Suleiman following the 2013 Hawija clashes. This group is heavily decentralized, with no clear structure or leadership.[18]

2013[]

December[]

On 30 December 2013, Iraqi Prime Minister Nuri al-Maliki said that Iraqi Army soldiers would depart restive cities in Anbar province, but reversed that decision the following day.

2014[]

January–February – Fall of Fallujah and the Battle of Ramadi[]

Army forces, as of 2 January, remained outside Ramadi.[30] On 3 January, al-Qaeda-linked militants took over several police stations in Fallujah. In early morning, tribal and ISIS fighters advanced into areas in central Ramadi and deployed snipers on one street, a police captain said. A police colonel said the army had re-entered into areas of Fallujah, between Ramadi and Baghdad, but that around a quarter of it remained under ISIS and tribal control. Soldiers and pro-government armed tribesmen held the rest and had also surrounded the city.[citation needed] However, another senior officer, a police lieutenant colonel, said that while soldiers had been deployed around the city, they had yet to enter Fallujah.[31][32] More than 100 people were killed during the day as Iraqi police and tribesmen battled militants.[33]

On 4 January, the Iraqi government lost control of Fallujah to ISIS.[34] The Iraqi Army also shelled Fallujah with mortars to try to wrest back control from the militants and tribesmen, killing at least eight people, according to unnamed tribal leaders and officials. Unnamed medical sources in Fallujah said another 30 people were wounded in the shelling.[35] On 6 January, Iraqi security forces, backed by tribal fighters, regained control of the centre of Ramadi. However, clashes continued in the surrounding areas the next day, while in the city centre, government offices, hospitals and markets reopened.[36] On 7 January, Iraqi missile strikes on Ramadi killed 25 militants.[37] On the same day, unidentified gunmen also killed seven police officers, including a captain, in an attack at a security checkpoint on a highway north of the city of Samarra. Though no group claimed responsibility for the attack, police officials suspected the ISIS militants.[38] As of 8 January, in addition to Fallujah, ISIS had control of the Anbar cities of Al-Karmah[7] Hīt, Khaldiyah,[9] Haditha, Al Qaim[39] and parts of Ramadi[10] and Abu Ghraib,[11] along with numerous smaller settlements in Anbar[12]

On 8 January, an unnamed Iraq police captain confirmed that an overnight offensive by security forces and tribal fighters aimed at dislodging ISIS from south Ramadi was repulsed by the insurgents after seven hours of heavy fighting.[40] On 9 January, Iraqi security forces, backed by tanks, engaged in heavy fighting with ISIS militants in the Albubali area, between Ramadi and Fallujah.[41] On 10 January, clashes erupted between Iraqi special forces and ISIS in al-Bubali village between Fallujah and Ramadi.[42] On the same day, tribesmen and police retook two areas of Ramadi.[43] On 14 January, Sunni fighters, including ISIS, overran several more areas of Ramadi.[44] On 16 January, the Iraqi army, backed by Sunni tribesmen, managed to retake the city of Saqlawiyah in a counterattack against ISIS.[45]

On 17 January, the ISIS militants in Fallujah called on people to join them in their fight against the government, but earlier in the day, Iraqi media reported that security forces had retaken several key areas of Ramadi.[46] On 19 January, the Iraqi army launched an operation in Ramadi.[47] The advance was halted after eight police and tribal militia members were killed in clashes.[48] The next day, an unnamed Iraqi official suggested that the ISIS had sufficient heavy weapons[where?] capability to threaten Baghdad.[49] On 21 January, the Iraqi army, backed by Sunni tribesmen, continued to attack key neighbourhoods of Ramadi in attempt to retake control from ISIS.[50] The next day, the defence ministry claimed that at least 50 militants were killed in air strikes against militant targets in Anbar.[51]

On 26 January, according to witnesses, ISIS militants were reported to have captured five Iraqi soldiers near Fallujah. ISIS also seized six army Humvees and set fire to some of them after clashes with security forces near the city of Fallujah which was captured by militants a few weeks ago.[52] It was further reported that at least seven people were killed by Iraqi army airstrikes and artillery fire.[53] On 30 January, Iraqi Defense Ministry spokesman Mohammad al-Askari said that security forces and their allied tribal fighters regained control of Albu Farraj, north of Ramadi, as well as Al-Nasaf, on the western outskirts of Fallujah; he called these areas an "important base" for ISIS.[54] On 31 January, according to a statement by Ministry of Defence, the 39th Brigade of the Iraqi army, reinforced by the Iraqi Air Force with support from tribal fighters, killed 40 militants and captured ISIS' headquarters in Fallujah.[55]

On 1 February, the Iraqi army and police, with the support of pro-government militias, launched another offensive against ISIS in Ramadi and Fallujah. At least 35 militants were killed and large amounts of weaponry were seized in the clashes in the militant-held neighborhoods of Malaab, Dhubat, and Street 60 in Ramadi.[56] On 3 February, the Ministry of Defence reported that the Iraqi army and its allied tribesmen killed 57 ISIS militants in advance of a possible assault on Fallujah, which was held by the rebels.[57] On 8 February, Anbar Governor Ahmed Khalaf Dheyabi sent an ultimatum to ISIS calling on them to surrender within a week.[58]

On 9 February, 13 ISIS members were killed in Ramadi's Malab area.[59] On 12 February, a senior ISIS leader, Abo Majid al-Saudi, was killed alongside seven other members of the group in eastern Ramadi.[60] On 15 February, the Iraqi Joint Command announced that during a raid in the al-Milahma, Albu Shihab and Khalidiya areas several ISIS members were killed.[61] On 18 February, 45 ISIS gunmen were killed, including Syrian and Afghan fighters.[62] On 19 February, an ISIS leader, Abd Khaliq Mahedi, turned himself to the Chairman of Sons of Iraq Council, Mohamed al-Hayis, and declared his support to the security forces in combating ISIS.[63] On 28 February, a bomb attack in Haditha killed the pro-government Sunni tribal Sheikh and councilman Fleih al-Osman and six of his fighters, while five civilians were wounded, according to police chief Colonel Farouq al-Jughaifi.[64]

March–May – Government counter-attack[]

On 16 March, Iraqi Security Forces recaptured Ramadi and parts of Fallujah.[13][14]

On 13 April, pro-government tribal fighters took control of the Fallujah Dam.[15]

On 7 May, reports emerged that Iraqi Security forces were planning a major strike to reclaim territories in Fallujah, Garma, Duwylieba and Jurf al-Sakhar.[29] At this time, it was confirmed that ISIS took full control of Fallujah.[65]

On 9 May, the military launched its offensive[66] and by 18 May, security forces regained control of the international expressway east of Fallujah and captured 16 villages and towns around the city.[16]

June – ISIS offensive[]

On 3 June, at least 18 people were killed and 43 wounded in shelling of Fallujah.[67]

On 7 June, gunmen linked to ISIS took students at the University of Anbar hostage after killing a number of guards and destroying "a bridge leading to the main gate."[68] The crisis was resolved when students were permitted to leave several hours later, departing the campus in buses provided by the local government. No students were reported to have been injured during the incident.[69]

On 12 June, an Iraqi Border Patrol battalion stationed along the Syrian border abandoned its positions in the face of advancing ISIS forces to break out to the relative safety of the Kurdish-controlled town of Sinjar in Nineveh. However, the convoy of 60 trucks and hundreds of border police were thrown into disarray and panic when a small force of ISIS vehicles attacked them en route. By the time Kurdish forces arrived, the police force had been completely routed and decimated with an unknown number of killed and captured, while others fled into the desert leaving all their vehicles behind. Only two policemen managed to arrive at Sinjar on foot.[70]

On 15 June, ISIS captured Saqlawiya where army helicopters were hovering over the town to provide cover for retreating troops. During the fighting a helicopter was shot down.[71]

On 17 June, Syrian rebels, made up of the Free Syrian Army and the Al-Qaeda-affiliated Al-Nusra Front, captured the Al-Qaim border crossing between Syria and Iraq.[72]

On 19 June, ISIS captured Hussein's Al Muthanna Chemical Weapons Facility near Lake Tharthar, roughly 45 miles northwest of Baghdad, in an area which had firmly come under control rebel control by this point.[73] Later in the evening, fighting broke in Al-Qaim, near the border with Syria, and lasted until around noon the next day with most of the town coming under militant control. 34 members of the Iraqi security forces were killed in the clashes.[74]

Two days later, ISIS captured the Al-Qaim border crossing with Syria after Syrian rebels retreated. The town itself and the surrounding area had also been fully secured by ISIS.[72]

Humanitarian consequences[]

There were over 380,000 internally displaced persons by mid-March 2014,[75] 300,000 of whom were displaced mostly during the previous six weeks. According to the UNHCR, most people were displaced "due to insecurity around Fallujah and Ramadi" and had "fled to outlying communities in Anbar province," though "60,000 persons have fled to more distant provinces."[76] There were a total of 336 killed and 1,562 injured, as of the same date.[77]

Response[]

The U.S. confirmed in January 2014 that to assist with the fight against groups in this area, they were speeding up supply of equipment to Iraq, including Hellfire missiles, ScanEagle UAVs, and Raven UAVs.[78] Iran also offered support. Iraqi journalist Ali Nashmi suggested Persian Gulf states like Saudi Arabia and Qatar were aiding ISIS.[79]

References[]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "استنفار بمدن عراقية واستمرار المعارك بالأنبار". Al Jazeera. 5 January 2014. http://www.aljazeera.net/news/pages/cb263654-ad3d-4917-bb40-87259de6aaa1. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "L’ouest irakien dans le chaos Western Iraq fall into chaos". The Arab Chronicle. 6 January 2014. http://the-arab-chronicle.com/live-ouest-irakien-sunni-provinces-chaos/. 
  3. ↑ "IraqUpdate #41: Showdown in Anbar". ISW. http://iswiraq.blogspot.com/2014/01/showdown-in-anbar.html. Retrieved 4 January 2014. 
  4. ↑ Dr. Theodore Karasik (14 January 2014). "Iraq's Anbar: is religion trumping tribe?". Al Arabiya. http://english.alarabiya.net/en/views/news/middle-east/2014/01/14/Iraq-s-Anbar-is-religion-trumping-tribe-.html. Retrieved 14 January 2014. 
  5. ↑ "Al Qaeda-linked militants capture Fallujah during violent outbreak". Fox News Channel. 4 January 2014. http://www.foxnews.com/world/2014/01/04/iraq-army-battles-al-qaeda-linked-militants-to-regain-control-in-key-cities/. 
  6. ↑ "Iraq's Fallujah falls to Qaeda militants as 65 killed". 7 News. 5 January 2014. http://au.news.yahoo.com/world/a/20602866/iraqs-fallujah-falls-to-qaeda-militants-as-65-killed/. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Qaeda-Linked Militants in Iraq Secure Nearly Full Control of Falluja". http://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/05/world/middleeast/shelling-in-iraqi-city-held-by-qaeda-linked-militants-kills-at-least-8.html?_r=0. Retrieved 5 January 2014. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 "ISIS suicide team assaults Iraqi ministry". http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2014/01/isis_suicide_team_as.php. Retrieved 30 January 2014. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Iraq Update #41: Showdown in Anbar". http://iswiraq.blogspot.com/2014/01/showdown-in-anbar.html. Retrieved 3 January 2014. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "Iraq PM urges people of Fallujah to expel Al-Qaeda". http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2014/Jan-06/243237-iraq-pm-urges-fallujah-residents-tribes-to-expel-militants-tv.ashx#axzz2oNa3sbT8. Retrieved 6 January 2014. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 "Iraq Update #42: Al-Qaeda in Iraq Patrols Fallujah; Aims for Ramadi, Mosul, Baghdad". http://iswiraq.blogspot.com/2014/01/iraq-update-42-al-qaeda-in-iraq-patrols.html. Retrieved 5 January 2014. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 "Al Qaeda tightens grip on western Iraq in bid for Islamic state". http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/12/11/us-iraq-violence-al-qaeda-idUSBRE9BA0O820131211. Retrieved 11 December 2013. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 "Iraq: Anbar government says Ramadi now secure". Asharq Al-Awsat. 17 March 2014. http://www.aawsat.net/2014/03/article55330143. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Iraq violence kills 37 nationwide". The Daily Star. 19 March 2014. http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2014/Mar-19/250715-fallujah-shelling-and-clashes-kill-15-iraq-doctor.ashx#axzz2uAA4pFGD. 
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 All gates of Fallujah Dam open, says Esawi
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Iraqi army tightens grip on Fallujah's outskirts
  17. ↑ Iraqi army withdraws from the areas adjacent to Syria and Jordan
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 Sowell, Kirk H. (15 January 2014). "Maliki's Anbar Blunder". Foreign Policy. http://mideastafrica.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2014/01/15/maliki_s_anbar_blunder. 
  19. ↑ Commander of Nagshabandiya Movement killed in western Anbar
  20. ↑ IraqiNews.com statistics: 591 ISIL elements killed in April
  21. ↑ Iraqi army faces death and desertions as it struggles with Anbar offensive
  22. ↑ Thousands flee Iraq government assault on rebel-held Falluja
  23. ↑ "UN Casualty Figures for January 2014, Anbar province excluded". UN Assistance Mission for Iraq. 1 February 2014. http://reliefweb.int/report/iraq/un-casualty-figures-january-2014-anbar-province-excluded. Retrieved 16 May 2014. 
  24. ↑ "UN Casualty Figures for February 2014, Anbar province excluded". UN Assistance Mission for Iraq. 1 March 2014. http://reliefweb.int/report/iraq/un-casualty-figures-february-2014-anbar-province-excluded. Retrieved 16 May 2014. 
  25. ↑ "UN Casualty Figures for March 2014, Anbar province excluded". UN Assistance Mission for Iraq. 1 April 2014. http://en.aswataliraq.info/(S(qwyiymykxjwyz1ucxa41h055))/Default.aspx?page=article_page&c=slideshow&id=155661. Retrieved 16 May 2014. 
  26. ↑ "UN Casualty Figures for April 2014, Anbar province excluded". UN Assistance Mission for Iraq. 1 May 2014. http://reliefweb.int/report/iraq/un-casualty-figures-april-2014-anbar-province-excluded. Retrieved 16 May 2014. 
  27. ↑ "UN Casualty Figures for May 2014". 2 June 2014. http://reliefweb.int/report/iraq/un-casualty-figures-may-2014-anbar-province-excluded. Retrieved 16 June 2014. 
  28. ↑ "Fighting this year in Iraq's Anbar province displaces almost 500,000". 6 June 2014. http://www.unhcr.org/5391913a6.html. Retrieved 16 June 2014. 
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 "Iraq to launch Military Strike against Islamic Militants in Fallujah". IANS. news.biharprabha.com. http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/05/iraq-to-launch-military-strike-against-islamic-militants-in-fallujah/. Retrieved 7 May 2014. 
  30. ↑ "Qaeda-linked fighters control parts of two Iraq cities". 2 January 2014. http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2014/Jan-02/242879-qaeda-linked-militants-control-half-of-iraqs-fallujah-security.ashx#axzz2oNa3sbT8. 
  31. ↑ "Militants make gains in Iraq city: police". 3 January 2014. http://english.al-akhbar.com/node/18098. 
  32. ↑ "Al-Qaeda militants make gains in Iraq city: police". 3 January 2014. http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2014/Jan-03/242996-al-qaeda-militants-make-gains-in-iraq-city-police.ashx#axzz2oNa3sbT8. Retrieved 3 January 2014. 
  33. ↑ "More than 100 die as Iraq battles Al-Qaeda". 4 January 2014. http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2014/Jan-04/243086-more-than-100-die-as-iraq-battles-al-qaeda.ashx#axzz2oNa3sbT8. 
  34. ↑ "Fallujah outside Iraq government control: security official". 4 January 2014. http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2014/Jan-04/243100-fallujah-outside-iraq-government-control-security-official.ashx#axzz2oNa3sbT8. 
  35. ↑ "Iraq army shells Falluja to dislodge Qaeda, tribes". 4 January 2014. http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2014/Jan-04/243100-fallujah-outside-iraq-government-control-security-official.ashx#axzz2oNa3sbT8. Retrieved 4 January 2014. 
  36. ↑ "Iraq moves up tanks, guns for looming Falluja assault". 7 January 2014. http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/01/07/us-iraq-anbar-idUSBREA060HL20140107. 
  37. ↑ "Iraq missile strikes kill 25 militants: ministry". 7 January 2014. http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2014/Jan-07/243326-iraq-missile-strikes-kill-25-militants-ministry.ashx#axzz2oNa3sbT8. Retrieved 7 January 2014. 
  38. ↑ "Gunmen kill 7 Iraqi policemen in checkpoint attack". Press TV. 7 January 2014. http://www.presstv.ir/detail/2014/01/07/344323/gunmen-kill-7-iraqi-policemen/. 
  39. ↑ "Al Qaeda, tribal allies 'control' Fallujah". http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2014/01/al_qaeda_tribal_alli.php. Retrieved 4 January 2014. 
  40. ↑ "ISIL calls on Iraq Sunnis to keep fighting". Al Jazeera. http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/01/isil-calls-iraq-sunnis-keep-fighting-2014186554213170.html. 
  41. ↑ "Heavy clashes as Iraq fighting sparks rights worries". 9 January 2014. http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2014/Jan-09/243565-heavy-clashes-as-iraq-fighting-sparks-rights-worries.ashx#axzz2oNa3sbT8. Retrieved 9 January 2014. 
  42. ↑ "Fighters clash with Iraqi forces in Anbar". Al Jazeera. 10 January 2014. http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/01/fighters-clash-with-iraqi-forces-anbar-2014110143456424894.html. 
  43. ↑ "Tribes, police seize parts of Iraq city from militants". 10 January 2014. http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2014/Jan-10/243724-tribes-police-retake-parts-of-iraqs-ramadi-commander.ashx#axzz2oNa3sbT8. 
  44. ↑ "Sunni gunmen seize more turf in Iraq's Ramadi: police". 14 January 2014. http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2014/Jan-14/244019-sunni-gunmen-seize-more-turf-in-iraqs-ramadi-police.ashx#axzz2oNa3sbT8. 
  45. ↑ "Iraqi forces retake western town from militants". Press TV. 16 January 2014. http://www.presstv.ir/detail/2014/01/16/345872/iraq-forces-retake-western-town/. 
  46. ↑ "Militants call on Fallujah people to join fight". Press TV. 17 January 2014. http://www.presstv.ir/detail/2014/01/17/346052/militants-call-on-people-to-join-fight/. 
  47. ↑ "Iraqi army launches operation in Ramadi: officials". 19 January 2014. http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2014/Jan-19/244519-iraqi-army-launches-operation-in-ramadi-officials.ashx#axzz2oNa3sbT8. 
  48. ↑ "8 Iraqi police and tribesmen killed fighting Al Qaeda". Reuters. 19 January 2014. http://in.reuters.com/article/2014/01/19/iraq-violence-idINDEEA0I08U20140119. 
  49. ↑ "Official: Al-Qaeda has enough arms to take Baghdad". 20 January 2014. http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2014/Jan-20/244642-official-al-qaeda-has-enough-arms-to-take-baghdad.ashx#axzz2oNa3sbT8. 
  50. ↑ "Fighting in Iraqi city of Ramadi intensifies". Press TV. 21 January 2014. http://www.presstv.ir/detail/2014/01/21/346987/fighting-in-iraqi-city-intensifies/. 
  51. ↑ "Iraq says air strikes 'kill 50 militants' in Anbar". The Daily Star. 22 January 2014. http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2014/Jan-22/244941-iraq-air-strikes-kill-50-militants-in-anbar-ministry.ashx#axzz2oNa3sbT8. 
  52. ↑ "Militants "capture soldiers" as Iraq unrest kills 12". NOW. 26 January 2014. https://now.mmedia.me/lb/en/mena/532436-militants-capture-soldiers-as-iraq-unrest-kills-12. 
  53. ↑ "Iraqi planes, artillery strike rebel-held Fallujah". Reuters. 27 January 2014. http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/01/26/us-iraq-violence-falluja-idUSBREA0P0PX20140126. 
  54. ↑ "Iraqi forces regain some control of Anbar province". The Daily Star. 30 January 2014. http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2014/Jan-30/245749-iraqi-forces-regain-some-control-of-anbar-province.ashx#axzz2oNa3sbT8. 
  55. ↑ "Iraqi army kills 40 ISIS fighters in Fallujah". Al Arabiya. 31 January 2014. http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2014/01/31/Iraqi-army-kills-40-ISIS-fighters-in-Fallujah.html. 
  56. ↑ "Iraq forces launch massive operations in Anbar". Press TV. 2 February 2014. http://www.presstv.ir/detail/2014/02/02/348828/iraq-launches-major-offensives-in-anbar/. 
  57. ↑ "Iraq says kills 57 Islamist militants in Sunni province". The Daily Star. 3 February 2014. http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2014/Feb-03/246221-iraq-says-kills-57-islamist-militants-in-sunni-province.ashx#axzz2oNa3sbT8. 
  58. ↑ "Iraq governor gives Anbar militants one-week ultimatum". The Daily Star. 8 February 2014. http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2014/Feb-08/246799-iraq-governor-gives-anbar-militants-one-week-ultimatum.ashx#axzz2oNa3sbT8. 
  59. ↑ Hawar Berwani (9 February 2014). "13 ISIS elements killed in Ramadi". Iraqi News. http://www.iraqinews.com/iraq-war/1-isis-elements-killed-in-ramadi/#ixzz2txaOxud5. 
  60. ↑ Hawar Berwani (12 February 2014). "Terrorist leader of ISIS killed in eastern Ramadi". Iraqi News. http://www.iraqinews.com/iraq-war/terrorist-leader-of-isis-killed-eastern-ramadi/#ixzz2txcdzrQq%22. 
  61. ↑ Hawar Berwani (15 February 2014). "Joint Command announces killing big group of ISIS, freeing Khalidiya area in Anbar". Iraqi News. http://www.iraqinews.com/iraq-war/joint-command-announces-killing-big-group-of-isil-freeing-khalidiya-area-in-anbar/#ixzz2txhxdnty. 
  62. ↑ Hawar Berwani (18 February 2014). "45 ISIS gunmen killed in Anbar, including Syrian and Afghani fighters". Iraqi News. http://www.iraqinews.com/iraq-war/gunmen-killed-in-anbar/#ixzz2txjR4S8d. 
  63. ↑ Hawar Berwani (19 February 2014). "Breaking – Leader of ISIS turns himself in to Iraqi Security Forces". Iraqi News. http://www.iraqinews.com/iraq-war/breaking-news-leader-of-isis-turns-himself-to-isf/#ixzz2txkvBt6. 
  64. ↑ "Bombing kills Iraqi anti-al-Qaeda sheik, 6 fighters". Press TV. http://www.presstv.ir/detail/2014/02/28/352715/bombing-kills-iraqi-antialqaeda-sheik/. Retrieved 28 February 2014. 
  65. ↑ "Iraq: Sunni leader says Fallujah under complete ISIS control". Asharq Al Awsat. 8 May 2014. http://www.aawsat.net/2014/05/article55332052. 
  66. ↑ Iraqi Army Launches Fallujah Offensive
  67. ↑ "Shelling of Iraq's Fallujah Kills 18". Naharnet. 3 June 2014. http://www.naharnet.com/stories/en/133401-shelling-of-iraq-s-fallujah-kills-18. 
  68. ↑ "Iraq Militants Storm University, Taking Dozens Of Students Hostage". http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2014/06/07/iraq-militants-storm-univ_0_n_5464322.html?ref=topbar. Retrieved 7 June 2014. 
  69. ↑ Yacoub, Sammer N. (7 June 2014). "Iraq Gunmen Take University, Briefly Hold Hostages". ABC News. http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/attacks-northern-iraq-kill-20-people-24024862. Retrieved 7 June 2014. 
  70. ↑ ISIS takes control of Tal Afar
  71. ↑ U.S. considers air strikes, action with Iran to halt Iraq rebels
  72. ↑ 72.0 72.1 ISIL militants seize Iraqi-Syrian border point
  73. ↑ Julian E. Barnes (19 June 2014). "Sunni Extremists in Iraq Occupy Hussein's Chemical Weapons Facility". The Wall Street Journal. http://online.wsj.com/articles/sunni-extremists-in-iraq-occupy-saddams-chemical-weapons-facility-1403190600. 
  74. ↑ Clashes kill 34 Iraq security forces on Syria border: Officials
  75. ↑ "Iraqi forces, images testify to atrocities in fighting". The Daily Star. 21 March 2014. http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2014/Mar-21/250897-iraqi-forces-images-testify-to-atrocities-in-fighting.ashx#axzz2uAA4pFGD. 
  76. ↑ UN: Clashes in Iraq's Anbar displaced 300,000 - Middle East - Al Jazeera English
  77. ↑ National Iraqi News Agency - NINA
  78. ↑ "Iraq violence: US speeds up supply of military equipment". BBC News. 7 January 2014. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-25633629. Retrieved 7 January 2014. 
  79. ↑ "Al-Qaeda seeks some Iraqi tribes help: Pundit". Press TV. 17 January 2014. http://www.presstv.ir/detail/2014/01/17/346175/alqaeda-seeks-iraqi-tribes-help/. 
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