The Arado Ar 231 was a light-weight floatplane, developed during World War II in Germany as a scout plane for submarines. The need to be stored inside the submarine necessitated compromises in design that made this single-seat seaplane of little practical use.
Design and development[]
Designed from the outset for use on U-boat "cruisers", like the Type XI B, the Ar 231 was a light parasol-wing aircraft. The aircraft was powered by a 119 kW (160 hp) Hirth HM 501 inline engine, weighed around 1,000 kg (2,200 lb), and had a 10 m (33 ft) wingspan. The design led to a simple and compact aircraft that could be fitted into a storage cylinder only 2 m (6.7 ft) in diameter. For ease of storage, the Ar 231's wings featured detachable sections that two operators could remove in less than six minutes. One unusual feature was an offset wing design, with the right wing root attaching to the wing's tilted center section (elevated above the fuselage, as on all parasol-wing designs) and lower than the left wing root, to allow the wings to be quickly folded up.
Arado Ar 231 Model side view
Operational history[]
Testing soon revealed the Ar 231s to be fragile, underpowered, and difficult to fly even during calm weather, and as a result, development ended in favour of the Focke Achgelis Fa 330 gyroglider. Some of the testing was done on the auxiliary cruiser Stier, two of the six prototypes being taken on one voyage.
Specifications (Ar 231 V1)[]
Data from German Aircraft of the Second World War [1]
General characteristics
- Crew: One
- Length: 7.81 m (25 ft 7½ in)
- Wingspan: 10.18 m (33 ft 4½ in)
- Height: 3.12 m (10 ft 2¾ in)
- Wing area: 15.2 m² (164 ft²)
- Empty weight: 833 kg (1,837 lb)
- Loaded weight: 1,050 kg (2,315 lb)
- Powerplant: 1 × Hirth HM 501 six-cylinder inverted inline engine, 119 kW (160 hp)
Performance
- Maximum speed: 170 km/h (92 kn, 106 mph)
- Cruise speed: 130 km/h (70 kn, 81 mph)
- Range: 500 km (270 nmi, 310 mi)
- Service ceiling: 3,000 m (9,843 ft)
- Wing loading: 69.1 kg/m² (14.1 lb/ft²)
- Power/mass: 113 W/kg (0.069 hp/lb)
- Endurance: 4 hr
See also[]
- Aichi M6A
- Besson MB.411
- Parnall Peto
- Watanabe E9W
- Yokosuka E14Y
- List of submarine-borne aircraft
- List of World War II military aircraft of Germany
- List of military aircraft of Germany
References[]
- ↑ Smith, J.R. and Kay, Antony L. German Aircraft of the Second World War. London: Putnam, 1972. ISBN 0-85177-836-4.
External links[]
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