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| − | {|{{Infobox |
+ | {|{{Infobox aircraft begin |
| name= XJL-1 |
| name= XJL-1 |
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| image=Columbia XJL-1 Pima Tucson AZ 21.02.93R.jpg |
| image=Columbia XJL-1 Pima Tucson AZ 21.02.93R.jpg |
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[[File:Columbia XJL-1 and Grumman J2F c1946.jpg|thumb|The XJL-1 and the plane it should have replaced: the Grumman J2F ''Duck''.]] |
[[File:Columbia XJL-1 and Grumman J2F c1946.jpg|thumb|The XJL-1 and the plane it should have replaced: the Grumman J2F ''Duck''.]] |
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| − | The [[J2F Duck|Grumman J2F Duck]] biplane amphibian had successfully served the [[United States Navy]] (USN) in quantity from late 1934 onwards. The final 330 examples were built in 1941/42 under sub-contract by the [[Columbia Aircraft Corp]], retaining the J2F-6 designation.<ref>Swanborough, 1990, p. 221</ref> |
+ | The [[J2F Duck|Grumman J2F Duck]] biplane amphibian had successfully served the [[United States Navy]] (USN) in quantity from late 1934 onwards. The final 330 examples were built in 1941/42 under sub-contract by the [[Columbia Aircraft Corp]], retaining the J2F-6 designation.<ref>Swanborough, 1990, p. 221</ref> |
| ⚫ | At the end of [[World War II]], Grumman completed a major re-design of the aircraft for the USN as a Wright R-1820-56 powered monoplane amphibian. The new design was turned over to the Columbia Aircraft Corporation for development and construction so that Grumman could focus on the production of fighter aircraft for the USN. |
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| − | |||
| ⚫ | At the end of [[World War II]], Grumman completed a major re-design of the aircraft for the USN as a Wright R-1820-56 powered monoplane amphibian. The new design was turned over to the Columbia Aircraft Corporation for development and construction so that Grumman could focus on the production of fighter aircraft for the USN. |
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| − | |||
The aircraft strongly resembles the J2F Duck, except for its monoplane layout, and has been referred to as a "single-winged Duck". It is, however, a completely new design. |
The aircraft strongly resembles the J2F Duck, except for its monoplane layout, and has been referred to as a "single-winged Duck". It is, however, a completely new design. |
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==Operational history== |
==Operational history== |
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| − | |||
The two aircraft tested at Patuxent River were found to have repeated structural failures of various components and testing was abandoned on 21 September 1948. The aircraft were deleted from the USN inventory in February 1949.<ref>Pima Air Museum</ref> No further orders were placed for production of the JL design. |
The two aircraft tested at Patuxent River were found to have repeated structural failures of various components and testing was abandoned on 21 September 1948. The aircraft were deleted from the USN inventory in February 1949.<ref>Pima Air Museum</ref> No further orders were placed for production of the JL design. |
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==Specifications== |
==Specifications== |
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| − | <!--Use one OR other of the two specification templates. Delete the template code of the one you do not use. aero-specs is designed to handle the specification of gliders and lighter-than-air craft well. They each have their own documentation. In aircraft-specifications the parameter "xxxx more" allows for the addition of a qualifier to the value eg "at low level", "unladen". --> |
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{{aerospecs |
{{aerospecs |
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|ref=Plane Facts: Monoplane "Duck"<ref name="AI Nov72 p262">''Air Enthusiast'' November 1972, p. 262.</ref> |
|ref=Plane Facts: Monoplane "Duck"<ref name="AI Nov72 p262">''Air Enthusiast'' November 1972, p. 262.</ref> |
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|wing area sqm=38.37 |
|wing area sqm=38.37 |
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|wing area sqft=413 |
|wing area sqft=413 |
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| − | |aspect ratio=<!-- sailplanes --> |
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| − | |wing profile=<!-- sailplanes --> |
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|empty weight kg=3,288 |
|empty weight kg=3,288 |
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|empty weight lb=7,250 |
|empty weight lb=7,250 |
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|eng1 number=1 |
|eng1 number=1 |
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|eng1 type=Wright R-1820-56 |
|eng1 type=Wright R-1820-56 |
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| − | |eng1 kw=1,007 |
+ | |eng1 kw=1,007 |
|eng1 hp=1,350 |
|eng1 hp=1,350 |
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|max speed kmh=322 |
|max speed kmh=322 |
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|max speed mph=200 |
|max speed mph=200 |
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| − | |cruise speed kmh=<!-- if max speed unknown --> |
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| − | |cruise speed mph=<!-- if max speed unknown --> |
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| − | |stall speed kmh=<!-- aerobatic and STOL aircraft --> |
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| − | |stall speed mph=<!-- aerobatic and STOL aircraft --> |
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|range km=3,330 |
|range km=3,330 |
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|range miles=2,070 |
|range miles=2,070 |
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| − | |endurance h=<!-- if range unknown --> |
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| − | |endurance min=<!-- if range unknown --> |
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| − | |ceiling m= |
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| − | |ceiling ft= |
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| − | |g limits=<!-- aerobatic aircraft --> |
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| − | |roll rate=<!-- aerobatic aircraft --> |
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| − | |glide ratio=<!-- sailplanes --> |
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|climb rate ms=5.6 |
|climb rate ms=5.6 |
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|climb rate ftmin=1,110 |
|climb rate ftmin=1,110 |
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| − | |sink rate ms=<!-- sailplanes --> |
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| − | |sink rate ftmin=<!-- sailplanes --> |
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| − | |armament1= |
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| − | |armament2= |
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| − | |armament3= |
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| − | |armament4= |
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| − | |armament5= |
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| − | |armament6= |
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}} |
}} |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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| − | {{aircontent |
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| − | |see also= |
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| − | |related= |
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| − | |similar aircraft= |
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*[[Grumman J2F Duck]] |
*[[Grumman J2F Duck]] |
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| − | |lists= |
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*[[List of military aircraft of the United States (naval)]] |
*[[List of military aircraft of the United States (naval)]] |
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| − | }} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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;Bibliography |
;Bibliography |
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{{refbegin}} |
{{refbegin}} |
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| − | *{{cite journal|title=Plane Facts: Monoplane "Duck"|journal= |
+ | *{{cite journal|title=Plane Facts: Monoplane "Duck"|journal=Air Enthusiast|year=1972|month=November|volume=3|issue=5|pages=pp. 261–262}} |
*{{cite book|last=Swanborough|first=Gordon|title=United States Navy Aircraft since 1911|year=1990|publisher=Naval Institute Press|isbn=0-87021-792-5}} |
*{{cite book|last=Swanborough|first=Gordon|title=United States Navy Aircraft since 1911|year=1990|publisher=Naval Institute Press|isbn=0-87021-792-5}} |
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{{refend}} |
{{refend}} |
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{{Commons|Grumman military aircraft}} |
{{Commons|Grumman military aircraft}} |
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* [http://www.pimaair.org/collection-detail.php?cid=56&pn=1 Pima Air Museum website] |
* [http://www.pimaair.org/collection-detail.php?cid=56&pn=1 Pima Air Museum website] |
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| − | |||
| − | {{Grumman aircraft}} |
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{{USN utility aircraft}} |
{{USN utility aircraft}} |
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| − | {{Aviation lists}} |
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{{Wikipedia|Columbia XJL}} |
{{Wikipedia|Columbia XJL}} |
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[[Category:Grumman aircraft|J3F]] |
[[Category:Grumman aircraft|J3F]] |
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| − | [[Category:United States military utility aircraft |
+ | [[Category:1940s United States military utility aircraft]] |
[[Category:Cancelled military aircraft projects of the United States]] |
[[Category:Cancelled military aircraft projects of the United States]] |
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[[Category:Single-engine aircraft]] |
[[Category:Single-engine aircraft]] |
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Latest revision as of 02:07, 30 January 2020
| XJL-1 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| The third Columbia XJL-1 preserved at the Pima Air Museum near Tucson, Arizona, in February 1993 | |
| Role | single engine amphibian |
| National origin | United States |
| Manufacturer | Columbia Aircraft Corporation |
| Designer | Grumman Aircraft |
| Introduction | 1946 |
| Status | one flying in civil use; one preserved |
| Primary user | U.S. Navy and civil owners |
| Number built | 3 |
| Developed from | Grumman J2F Duck |
The Columbia XJL was a large single-engined amphibian aircraft, designed by Grumman Aircraft but built by the Columbia Aircraft Corp. It was intended to replace the Grumman J2F Duck but the type did not reach production status.
Development
The XJL-1 and the plane it should have replaced: the Grumman J2F Duck.
The Grumman J2F Duck biplane amphibian had successfully served the United States Navy (USN) in quantity from late 1934 onwards. The final 330 examples were built in 1941/42 under sub-contract by the Columbia Aircraft Corp, retaining the J2F-6 designation.[1] At the end of World War II, Grumman completed a major re-design of the aircraft for the USN as a Wright R-1820-56 powered monoplane amphibian. The new design was turned over to the Columbia Aircraft Corporation for development and construction so that Grumman could focus on the production of fighter aircraft for the USN. The aircraft strongly resembles the J2F Duck, except for its monoplane layout, and has been referred to as a "single-winged Duck". It is, however, a completely new design.
Production
The USN ordered three XJL-1 experimental aircraft from Columbia, with the first being used for destructive strength testing on the ground. The remaining two airframes, assigned USN BuAer Nos 31399 and 31400, were delivered to the USNs test establishment at Patuxent River Naval Air Station Maryland for evaluation in 1946.
Operational history
The two aircraft tested at Patuxent River were found to have repeated structural failures of various components and testing was abandoned on 21 September 1948. The aircraft were deleted from the USN inventory in February 1949.[2] No further orders were placed for production of the JL design.
Specifications
Data from Plane Facts: Monoplane "Duck"[3]
General characteristics
- Crew: 2
- Capacity: 6 passengers
- Length: 45 ft 11 in (14.00 m)
- Wingspan: 50 ft 0 in (15.24 m)
- Height: 16 ft 0 in (4.88 m)
- Wing area: 413 ft2 (38.37 m2)
- Empty weight: 7,250 lb (3,288 kg)
- Gross weight: 13,000 lb (5,897 kg)
- Powerplant: 1 × Wright R-1820-56, 1,350 hp (1,007 kW) each
Performance
- Maximum speed: 200 mph (322 km/h)
- Range: 2,070 miles (3,330 km)
- Rate of climb: 1,110 ft/min (5.6 m/s)
See also
References
- Notes
- Bibliography
- "Plane Facts: Monoplane "Duck"". November 1972. pp. pp. 261–262.
- Swanborough, Gordon (1990). United States Navy Aircraft since 1911. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-792-5.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Grumman military aircraft. |
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The original article can be found at Columbia XJL and the edit history here.