This is a list of the officers who have held the army rank of Field Marshal or Marshal. It does not include air force marshals.
Chinese Chiang Kai-shek
Ayub Khan of Pakistan
German Erich von Manstein
Sam Manekshaw of India
Afghanistan[]
- HM Nasrullah Khan (1875–1920)
- 2004 - Mohammed Fahim (b. 1957)
Albania[]
- 1 September 1928 - HM King Zog (1895–1961)
Australia[]
- 1927 - William Riddell Birdwood, 1st Baron Birdwood (1865–1951)
- 8 June 1950 - Sir Thomas Blamey (1884–1951)
- 1 April 1954 - HRH Prince Philip, 1st Duke of Edinburgh (b. 1921)
Austria/Austria-Hungary[]
Brazil[]
Cambodia[]
- 1971 - Lon Nol (1913–1985)
- HRH Prince Norodom Ranariddh (b. 1944)
- 2009 - Heng Samrin (b. 1934)[1]
- 2009 - Chea Sim (b. 1932)[1]
- 2009 - Hun Sen (b. 1952)[1]
Central African Empire[]
- Jean-Bédel Bokassa (1921–1986)
Republic of China[]
- 1913 - Yuan Shikai (1859–1916)[2]
- 1917 - Sun Yat-sen (1866–1925)[2]
- 1921 - Lu Rongting (1856–1927)
- 1921 - Tang Jiyao (1883–1927)
- 1927 - Zhang Zuolin (1875–1928)[2]
- 1935 - Chiang Kai-shek (1887–1975)[2]
People's Republic of China[]
- 1955 - Zhu De (1886–1976)
- 1955 - Peng Dehuai (1898–1974)
- 1955 - Lin Biao (1908–1971?)
- 1955 - Liu Bocheng (1892–1986)
- 1955 - He Long (1896–1969)
- 1955 - Chen Yi (1901–1972)
- 1955 - Luo Ronghuan (1902–1963)
- 1955 - Xu Xiangqian (1901–1990)
- 1955 - Nie Rongzhen (1899–1992)
- 1955 - Ye Jianying (1897–1986)
Republic of Croatia[]
- 1995 - Franjo Tuđman (1922–1999)
Independent State of Croatia[]
- 1941 - Slavko Kvaternik (1876–1947)
Egypt[]
Field Marshal insignia
- HH Abbas I Hilmi Pasha (1813–1854)
- HH Ibrahim Pasha (1789–1848)
- Yahya Mansur Yeghen (1837–1913)
- Horatio Herbert Kitchener (1850–1916)
- 20 December 1914 - HH Sultan Hussein Kamel (1853–1917)
- HM King Fuad I (1868–1936)
- 'Aziz 'Ali al-Misri (1879–1965)
- HM King Farouk (1920–1965)
- 1949 - HM King Abdullah I of Jordan (1882–1951)
- 26 July 1952 - HM King Fuad II (b. 1952)
- 21 February 1955 - HM King Hussein of Jordan (1935–1999)
- November 1973 - Ahmad Ismail Ali (1917–1974)
- Abdel Hakim Amer (1919–1967)
- Abdel Ghani el-Gamasy (1921–2003)
- Abd al-Halim Abu Ghazala (1930–2008)
- 1991 - Mohamed Hussein Tantawi (b. 1935)
Ethiopia[]
- 1934 - HH Prince Seyum Mangasha of Tigray (1897–1960)
- HIM Emperor Haile Selassie (1892–1975)
Finland[]
Finnish President Mannerheim in 1943
- 1933 - Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim (1867–1951)
France[]
Germany[]
Ghana[]
- 1965 - Kwame Nkrumah (1909–1972)
Greece[]
- 1913 - HM King Constantine I (1868–1923)
- 1937 - HM King George II (1890–1947)
- 1947 - HM King Paul (1901–1964)
- 28 October 1949 - Alexandros Papagos (1883–1955)
- 1964 - HM King Constantine II (b. 1940)
Guelders[]
- 1528 - Maarten van Rossum (1490–1555)
Holy Roman Empire[]
India[]
- 1 January 1973 - Sam Manekshaw (1914–2008)
- 1983 - K. M. Cariappa (1899–1993)
Indonesia[]
- 1945 - Sudirman (1916–1950)
- 1985 - Suharto (1921–2008)
- 2000 - Abdul Haris Nasution (1918–2000)
Iran[]
Iraq[]
- HM King Faisal I (1883–1933)
- 8 September 1933 - HM King Ghazi (1912–1939)
- 6 April 1939 - HRH Prince 'Abd al-Ilah (1913–1958)]
- 2 May 1953 - HM King Faisal II (1935–1958)
- Abdul Salam Arif (1921–1966)
- 1979 - Saddam Hussein (1937–2006)
Italy[]
- 4 November 1924 - Conte Luigi Cadorna (1850–1928)
- 4 November 1924 - Armando Diaz (1861–1928)
- 25 June 1926 - Emanuele Filiberto, 2nd Duke of Aosta (1869–1931)
- 25 June 1926 - Pietro Badoglio (1871–1956)
- 25 June 1926 - Enrico Caviglia (1862–1945)
- 25 June 1926 - Gaetano Giardino ( 1864–1935)
- 25 June 1926 - Guglielmo Pecori-Giraldi (1856–1941)
- 16 November 1935 - Emilio De Bono (1866–1944)
- 9 May 1936 - Rodolfo Graziani (1882–1955)
- 30 March 1938 - HM King Vittorio Emanuele III (1869–1948)[2]
- 30 March 1938 - Benito Mussolini (1883–1945)[2]
- 1 July 1942 - Conte Ugo Cavallero (1880–1943)
- 12 August 1942 - Ettore Bastico (1876–1972)
- 29 October 1942 - HM King Umberto II (1904–1983)
- 12 May 1943 - Giovanni Messe (1883–1968)
Japan[3][]
- 19 July 1872 - Saigō Takamori (1828–1877)
- 20 January 1898 - Prince Komatsu Akihito (1846–1903)
- 20 January 1898 - Prince Oyama Iwao (1843–1916)
- 20 January 1898 - Prince Yamagata Aritomo (1838–1922)
- 31 January 1906 - Marquis Nozu Michitsura (1840–1908)
- 24 October 1911 - Count Oku Yasukata (1846–1930)
- 9 January 1914 - Prince Fushimi Sadanaru (1858–1923)
- 9 January 1914 - Yoshimichi Hasegawa (1850–1924)
- 9 January 1914 - Kageaki Kawamura (1850–1926)
- 24 June 1916 - Count Terauchi Masatake (1852–1919)
- 28 October 1918 - HM King George V of the United Kingdom (1865–1936)
- 12 December 1919 - Prince Kanin Kotohito (1865–1945)
- 27 April 1922 - Baron Uehara Yusaku (1856–1933)
- 27 January 1929 - Prince Kuni Kuniyoshi (1873–1929)
- 8 August 1932 - Prince Nashimoto Morimasa (1874–1951)
- 3 May 1933 - Baron Muto Nobuyoshi (1868–1933)
- 21 June 1943 - Sugiyama Hajime (1880–1945)
- 21 June 1943 - Count Terauchi Hisaichi (1879–1946)
- 2 June 1944 - Hata Shunroku (1879–1962)
Jordan[]
- 1948 - HM King Abdullah I (1882–1951)
- 20 July 1951 - HM King Talal (1909–1972)
- 11 August 1952 - HM King Hussein (1935–1999)
- Habis al-Majali (1914–2001)
- Fat'hi Abu Taleb
- Abdul Hafeth Al Ka'abnah
- 7 February 1999 - HM King Abdullah II (b. 1962)
- 2005 - Sa'ad Khair (d.2009)
Liberia[]
- Samuel Doe (1951–1990)
Malaysia[]
- 31 August 1957 - Tuanku Abdul Rahman of Negeri Sembilan (1985–1960)
- 14 April 1960 - Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah of Selangor (1898–1960)
- 21 September 1960 - Tuanku Syed Putra of Perlis (1920–2000)
- 21 September 1965 - Sultan Ismail Nasiruddin Shah of Terengganu (1907–1979)
Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia
- 21 September 1970 - Tuanku Abdul Halim of Kedah (b. 1927)
- 21 September 1975 - Sultan Yahya Petra of Kelantan (1917–1979)
- 29 March 1979 - Sultan Ahmad Shah of Pahang (b. 1930)
- 26 April 1984 - Sultan Iskandar of Johor (1932–2010)
- 26 April 1989 - Sultan Azlan Shah of Perak (b. 1928)
- 26 April 1994 - Tuanku Jaafar of Negeri Sembilan (1922–2008)
- 26 April 1999 - Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah of Selangor (1926–2001)
- 13 December 2001 - Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin of Perlis (b. 1943)
- 13 December 2006 - Mizan Zainal Abidin of Terengganu (b. 1962)
- 13 December 2011 - Tuanku Abdul Halim of Kedah (b. 1927)
Mongolia[]
- Khorloogiin Choibalsan (1895–1952)
- Gelegdorjiin Demid (1900–1937)
Morocco[]
- 17 November 1970 - Mohammed ben Mizzian (1897–1975)
Mozambique[]
- Samora Machel (1933–1986)
Nepal[]
- HH Maharaja Chandra Shamsher of Lambjang and Kaski (1863–1929)
- HH Maharaja Bhim Shamsher of Lambjang and Kaski (1865–1962)
- HH Maharaja Juddha Shamsher of Lambjang and Kaski (1875–1952)
- HH Maharaja Padma Shamsher of Lambjang and Kaski (1882–1961)
- HH Maharaja Mohan Shamsher of Lambjang and Kaski (1885–1967)
- HH Sir Keshar Shamsher Jung Bahadur Rana (1892–1964)
- Hari Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana
- Sir Nir Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana (1913–2013)
- Sir Kiran Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana (1916–1983)
- 14 April 1953 - HM King Tribhuvan (1906–1955)
- 1954 - Rudra Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana (1879–1964)
- 2 May 1956 - HM King Mahendra (1920–1972)
- 1972 - HM King Birendra (1945–2001)
- 2 June 2001 - HM King Gyanendra (b. 1947)
New Zealand[]
- 11 June 1977 - HRH Prince Philip, 1st Duke of Edinburgh (b. 1921)
North Korea[]
- Kim Il-sung (1912–1994)[2]
- O Chin-u (1917–1995)
- Kim Jong-Il (1942–2011)[2]
- Ri Ul-sol
- Choi Kwang (1919–1997)
- July 2012 - Kim Jong-un (b. 1983/4)[4]
Ottoman Empire[]
Pakistan[]
- 1965 - Ayub Khan (1907–1974)
Peru[]
Philippines[]
- 1936 - Douglas MacArthur (1880–1964)
Poland[]
Portugal[]
- 1809 - William Carr Beresford, 1st Viscount Beresford (1768–1854)
- Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington (1769–1852)
- 1927 - Gomes da Costa (1863–1929)
- 1948 - António Óscar Carmona (1869–1951)
- 1958 - Francisco Craveiro Lopes (1894–1964)
- 1981 - António de Spínola (1910–1996)
Romania[]
- 1930 - Alexandru Averescu (1859–1938)
- 1930 - Constantin Prezan (1861–1943)
- 21 August 1941 - Ion Antonescu (1886–1946)
Russian Empire[]
Russian Federation[]
- Igor Sergeyev (1938–2006)
Saudi Arabia[]
- 1991 - HH Prince Khalid bin Sultan (b. 1949)
- Saleh Al-Muhaya (b. 1939)
Serbia[]
- 1912 - Radomir Putnik (1847–1917)
- 1914 - Zivojin Misic (1855–1921)
- 1914 - Stepa Stepanovic (1858–1929)
- 1918 - Petar Bojovic (1858–1936)
South Africa[]
- 24 May 1941 - Jan Smuts (1870–1950)
Soviet Union[]
Spain[]
- 1792 - Antonio Olaguer Feliú (1742–1813)
- 1810 - Henry Joseph O'Donnell, Count of La Bisbal (1769–1834)
- 1818 - Manuel Olaguer Feliú (1759–1824)
- 1844 - Ramón María Narváez y Campos, Duke of Valencia (1800–1868)
- 1869 - Juan Prim, Marquis of Los Castillejos (1814–1870)
Sudan[]
- Gaafar Nimeiry (1930–2009)
- Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab (b. 1934)
- Omar al-Bashir (b. 1944)
Sweden[]
Syria[]
- Husni al-Za'im (1897–1949)
Thailand[]
Tunisia[]
- 14 August 1840 - HH Abu Abbas Ahmed I Pasha Bey (1806–1855)
- 7 August 1855 - HH Muhammed Pasha Bey (1811–1859)
- 10 December 1859 - HH Muhammed as-Sadiq Pasha Bey (1813–1882)
- 28 October 1882 - HH Ali III Pasha Bey (1817–1902)
- 11 June 1902 - HH Muhammad al-Hadi Pasha Bey (1855–1906)
- 11 May 1906 - HH Muhammed al-Nasir Pasha Bey (1855–1922)
- 10 July 1922 - HH Muhammad al-Habib Pasha Bey (1858–1929)
- 11 February 1929 - HH Ahmed II Pasha Bey (1862–1942)
- 19 June 1942 - HH Muhammad al-Munsif Pasha Bey (1881–1948)
- 15 May 1943 - HH Muhammed al-Amin Pasha Bey (1881–1962)
Turkey[]
Uganda[]
- 1975 - Idi Amin (1928?–2003)
United Kingdom[]
Venezuela[]
- 1824 - Antonio José de Sucre (1795–1830)
Yemen[]
- 24 December 1997 - Ali Abdullah Saleh (b. 1942)
Yemen Arab Republic[]
- Abdullah as-Sallal (1917–1994)
Yugoslavia[]
- 29 November 1943 - Josip Broz Tito (1892–1980)
Zaire[]
- 1983 - Mobutu Sese Seko (1930–1997)
Other countries[]
The rank also exists or has existed (on paper at least) in Bangladesh, Brunei, South Korea, Malaysia, Nigeria, Oman, and South Vietnam, but not all of these countries have probably actually ever used it.
Footnotes[]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 His Majesty Promotes Cambodian Leaders to Five-Star General DECEMBER 27, 2009
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Held a senior rank to other marshals of the same country.
- ↑ These names appear in Japanese order, surname (princely title or peerage title) first, followed by given name.
- ↑ "North Korea's Kim Jong-un named marshal", BBC News, 18 July 2012
The original article can be found at List of field marshals and the edit history here.