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'''Gerardo Aguilar Ramírez''', known by his [[Pseudonym#Nom de guerre|''nom de guerre'']] '''César''', was a Colombian guerrilla leader of the [[Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia]] (FARC). He was the commander of the [[Eastern Bloc of the FARC-EP|Eastern Bloc]]'s [[Eastern Bloc of the FARC-EP#1st Front|1st Front]]. For five years he was in charge of FARC's hostages, including former presidential candidate [[Íngrid Betancourt]].<ref name=IHT>{{cite news |title=Carefully planned Colombia rescue exploited FARC weaknesses |url=http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/07/04/america/colombia.php |publisher=IHT |date=2008-07-04|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20080709033122/http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/07/04/america/colombia.php|archivedate=2008-07-09}}</ref> On July 2, 2008, the hostages were rescued in [[Operation Jaque]] and César was arrested.<ref name=TIME>{{cite news |title=Colombia's Stunning Hostage Rescue |url=http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1819862,00.html |publisher=TIME |date=2008-07-02 | first=Tim | last=Padgett}}</ref> |
'''Gerardo Aguilar Ramírez''', known by his [[Pseudonym#Nom de guerre|''nom de guerre'']] '''César''', was a Colombian guerrilla leader of the [[Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia]] (FARC). He was the commander of the [[Eastern Bloc of the FARC-EP|Eastern Bloc]]'s [[Eastern Bloc of the FARC-EP#1st Front|1st Front]]. For five years he was in charge of FARC's hostages, including former presidential candidate [[Íngrid Betancourt]].<ref name=IHT>{{cite news |title=Carefully planned Colombia rescue exploited FARC weaknesses |url=http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/07/04/america/colombia.php |publisher=IHT |date=2008-07-04|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20080709033122/http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/07/04/america/colombia.php|archivedate=2008-07-09}}</ref> On July 2, 2008, the hostages were rescued in [[Operation Jaque]] and César was arrested.<ref name=TIME>{{cite news |title=Colombia's Stunning Hostage Rescue |url=http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1819862,00.html |publisher=TIME |date=2008-07-02 | first=Tim | last=Padgett}}</ref> |
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| − | On July 4, 2008, ''[[Radio Suisse Romande]]'' reported that unnamed "reliable sources" had told it the rescue took place after a payment of US$20 million by the United States.<ref>{{cite news|publisher=[[Radio Suisse Romande]]|date=4 July 2008|url=http://info.rsr.ch/fr/news/Une_liberation_achetee.html?siteSect=2010&sid=9296405&cKey=1215168451000|language=French|title=Une libération achetée}}</ref> According to ''Le Monde'', the [[French Foreign Ministry]] denied the payment of any ransom by France.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.lemonde.fr/ameriques/article/2008/07/04/ingrid-betancourt-est-attendue-a-paris_1066575_3222.html|title=Ingrid Betancourt à Paris : "Aujourd'hui, je pleure de joie"|publisher=Le Monde|language=French|date=4 July 2008}}</ref> |
+ | On July 4, 2008, ''[[Radio Suisse Romande]]'' reported that unnamed "reliable sources" had told it the rescue took place after a payment of US$20 million by the United States.<ref>{{cite news|publisher=[[Radio Suisse Romande]]|date=4 July 2008|url=http://info.rsr.ch/fr/news/Une_liberation_achetee.html?siteSect=2010&sid=9296405&cKey=1215168451000|language=French|title=Une libération achetée}}</ref> According to ''Le Monde'', the [[French Foreign Ministry]] denied the payment of any ransom by France.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.lemonde.fr/ameriques/article/2008/07/04/ingrid-betancourt-est-attendue-a-paris_1066575_3222.html|title=Ingrid Betancourt à Paris : "Aujourd'hui, je pleure de joie"|publisher=Le Monde|language=French|date=4 July 2008}}</ref> |
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Frederich Blassel, the author of the ''Radio Suisse Romande'' story, told Colombia's ''[[La W|W Radio]]'' that, according to his source, the release was not negotiated directly with FARC but with César, one of the two guerrillas captured during the operation, who would have received the payment of US$20 million. According to Blassel, the two rebels could be given new identities by Spain, France, and Switzerland.<ref>{{cite news|url= |
Frederich Blassel, the author of the ''Radio Suisse Romande'' story, told Colombia's ''[[La W|W Radio]]'' that, according to his source, the release was not negotiated directly with FARC but with César, one of the two guerrillas captured during the operation, who would have received the payment of US$20 million. According to Blassel, the two rebels could be given new identities by Spain, France, and Switzerland.<ref>{{cite news|url= |
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http://www.wradio.com.co/nota.asp?id=626562|title=Alias César recibió 20 millones de dólares por entregar secuestrados: Radio Suiza |publisher=[[La W|W Radio]]|language=Spanish|date=4 July 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url= |
http://www.wradio.com.co/nota.asp?id=626562|title=Alias César recibió 20 millones de dólares por entregar secuestrados: Radio Suiza |publisher=[[La W|W Radio]]|language=Spanish|date=4 July 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url= |
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[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]] |
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]] |
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[[Category:Living people]] |
[[Category:Living people]] |
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| − | [[Category:Members of |
+ | [[Category:Members of FARC]] |
Latest revision as of 21:50, 7 February 2019
| Gerardo Aguilar Ramírez | |
|---|---|
| Nickname | César |
| Allegiance |
Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) Communism |
| Service/branch | Eastern Bloc's 1st Front |
| Years of service | ? - 2008 (Captured) |
| Rank | Chief of 1st Front and in charge of political hostages |
| Battles/wars | Colombian Armed Conflict |
Gerardo Aguilar Ramírez, known by his nom de guerre César, was a Colombian guerrilla leader of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC). He was the commander of the Eastern Bloc's 1st Front. For five years he was in charge of FARC's hostages, including former presidential candidate Íngrid Betancourt.[1] On July 2, 2008, the hostages were rescued in Operation Jaque and César was arrested.[2]
On July 4, 2008, Radio Suisse Romande reported that unnamed "reliable sources" had told it the rescue took place after a payment of US$20 million by the United States.[3] According to Le Monde, the French Foreign Ministry denied the payment of any ransom by France.[4] Frederich Blassel, the author of the Radio Suisse Romande story, told Colombia's W Radio that, according to his source, the release was not negotiated directly with FARC but with César, one of the two guerrillas captured during the operation, who would have received the payment of US$20 million. According to Blassel, the two rebels could be given new identities by Spain, France, and Switzerland.[5][6]
According to Colombia's El Tiempo and W Radio, General Fredy Padilla de León, Commander of the Colombian Armed Forces, denied the existence of any payment by the Colombian government. General Padilla argued that if any payment had been made, it would have been better to make it publicly known, to use it as an incentive and to cause confusion within FARC's ranks.[7][8] William Brownfield, the U.S. ambassador to Colombia, also denied the allegations.[9]
Aguilar was captured in July 2008 when members of the Colombian military, disguised as FARC rebels, freed former Colombian presidential candidate Ingrid Betancourt, three US hostages and twelve others.
The Colombian Supreme Court extradited Aguilar to the U.S. in July 2009 on narcotics conspiracy charges. On December 16, 2009, Aguilar pleaded guilty in a Washington, D.C. federal court to conspiring to import large quantities of cocaine into the U.S. As the commander of FARC’s 1st front from 1998 to July 2008, Aguilar said he directed his subordinates to manufacture and distribute thousands of tons of cocaine which was later imported to the U.S.[10]
On July 22, 2010, Aguilar was sentenced to 27 years in prison. He is being held in a federal prison in Illinois.[11][12]
References
- ↑ "Carefully planned Colombia rescue exploited FARC weaknesses". IHT. 2008-07-04. Archived from the original on 2008-07-09. http://web.archive.org/web/20080709033122/http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/07/04/america/colombia.php.
- ↑ Padgett, Tim (2008-07-02). "Colombia's Stunning Hostage Rescue". TIME. http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1819862,00.html.
- ↑ "Une libération achetée" (in French). Radio Suisse Romande. 4 July 2008. http://info.rsr.ch/fr/news/Une_liberation_achetee.html?siteSect=2010&sid=9296405&cKey=1215168451000.
- ↑ "Ingrid Betancourt à Paris : "Aujourd'hui, je pleure de joie"" (in French). Le Monde. 4 July 2008. http://www.lemonde.fr/ameriques/article/2008/07/04/ingrid-betancourt-est-attendue-a-paris_1066575_3222.html.
- ↑ "Alias César recibió 20 millones de dólares por entregar secuestrados: Radio Suiza" (in Spanish). W Radio. 4 July 2008. http://www.wradio.com.co/nota.asp?id=626562.
- ↑ "Periodista de radio Suiza afirma que se pagó por liberar a los rehenes" (in Spanish). Terra Actualidad, EFE. 4 July 2008. Archived from the original on 6 July 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080706201249/http://actualidad.terra.es/nacional/articulo/periodista-suiza-radio-afirma-pago-2596725.htm.
- ↑ "No se pagó por rescate de secuestrados, afirma el comandante de las Fuerzas Militares" (in Spanish). El Tiempo. 4 July 2008. http://www.eltiempo.com/colombia/justicia/2008-07-04/no-se-pago-por-rescate-de-secuestrados-afirma-el-comandante-de-las-fuerzas-militares_4361595-1.
- ↑ "Fuerzas Militares no pagaron por rescate de 15 secuestrados" (in Spanish). W Radio. 4 July 2008. http://www.wradio.com.co/nota.asp?id=626591.
- ↑ "US denies ransom payout for hostage release: ambassador". Agence France-Presse. 2008-07-04. Archived from the original on 2008-07-12. http://web.archive.org/web/20080712073016/http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5hrtoMw97SlVA2m-B0SfinVDaE1vg. Retrieved 2008-07-04.
- ↑ Anti-Defamation League: “Leaders of Colombian Terror Organization Plead Guilty to Narcotics Charges in D.C.” December 22, 2009
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ [2]
The original article can be found at Gerardo Aguilar Ramírez and the edit history here.