| German submarine U-863 | |
|---|---|
| Career (Nazi Germany) |  |
| Name: | U-863 |
| Ordered: | 5 June 1941 |
| Builder: | DeSchiMAG AG Weser, Bremen |
| Yard number: | 1069 |
| Laid down: | 15 September 1942 |
| Launched: | 29 June 1943 |
| Commissioned: | 3 November 1943 |
| Fate: | Sunk on 29 September 1944 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class & type: | Type IXD2 submarine |
| Displacement: |
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| Length: |
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| Beam: |
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| Height: | 10.20 m (33 ft 6 in) |
| Draught: | 5.35 m (17 ft 7 in) |
| Installed power: |
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| Propulsion: |
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| Speed: |
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| Range: |
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| Test depth: | 230 m (750 ft) |
| Complement: | 66 |
| Armament: |
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| Service record | |
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| Part of: |
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| Commanders: | |
| Operations: | 1 patrol |
| Victories: | None |
German submarine U-863 was a long-range Type IXD2 U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.
She was ordered on 5 June 1941, and was laid down on 15 September 1942 at DeSchiMAG AG Weser, Bremen, as yard number 1069. She was launched on 29 June 1943 and commissioned under the command of Kapitänleutnant Dietrich von der Esch on 3 November 1943.[3]
Design[]
German Type IXD2 submarines were considerably larger than the original Type IXs. U-863 had a displacement of 1,610 tonnes (1,580 long tons) when at the surface and 1,799 tonnes (1,771 long tons) while submerged.[4] The U-boat had a total length of 87.58 m (287 ft 4 in), a pressure hull length of 68.50 m (224 ft 9 in), a beam of 7.50 m (24 ft 7 in), a height of 10.20 m (33 ft 6 in), and a draught of 5.35 m (17 ft 7 in). The submarine was powered by two MAN M 9 V 40/46 supercharged four-stroke, nine-cylinder diesel engines plus two MWM RS34.5S six-cylinder four-stroke diesel engines for cruising, producing a total of 9,000 metric horsepower (6,620 kW; 8,880 shp) for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert 2 GU 345/34 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 1,000 shaft horsepower (1,010 PS; 750 kW) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.85 m (6 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 200 metres (660 ft).[4]
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 20.8 knots (38.5 km/h; 23.9 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 6.9 knots (12.8 km/h; 7.9 mph).[4] When submerged, the boat could operate for 121 nautical miles (224 km; 139 mi) at 2 knots (3.7 km/h; 2.3 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 12,750 nautical miles (23,610 km; 14,670 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-863 was fitted with six 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 24 torpedoes, one 10.5 cm (4.13 in) SK C/32 naval gun, 150 rounds, and a 3.7 cm (1.5 in) with 2575 rounds as well as two 2 cm (0.79 in) anti-aircraft guns with 8100 rounds. The boat had a complement of fifty-five.[4]
Service history[]
On 20 July 1944, U-863 was attack with 6pdr (57mm) cannon fire and depth charges from a TseTse flown by Norwegian pilot Rolf Leithe, flying for RAF 333 Squadron. U-863 was forced back to base to repair the minor damage suffered in the attack.[3]
U-863 was sunk by depth charges east southeast of Recife, by two US Navy P4BY-1 Liberator bomber from VB-107. All 69 of her crew were lost.[3]
The wreck lies at 10°45′S 25°30′W / 10.75°S 25.5°WCoordinates: 10°45′S 25°30′W / 10.75°S 25.5°W.[3]
References[]
- ↑ Busch & Röll 1997, p. 384.
- ↑ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Dietrich von der Esch". http://uboat.net/men/commanders/147.html. Retrieved 12 April 2016.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Helgason, Guðmundur. "U-863". http://uboat.net/boats/u863.htm. Retrieved 12 April 2016.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Gröner 1991, pp. 74-75.
Bibliography[]
- Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1997) (in German). Der U-Boot-Bau auf deutschen Werften. II. Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn: Mittler. ISBN 3-8132-0509-6.
- Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999) (in German). Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945. IV. Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn: Mittler. ISBN 3-8132-0514-2.
- Gröner, ErichExpression error: Unexpected < operator. (1991). U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels. 2. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-593-4.
- Sharpe, Peter (1998). U-Boat Fact File. Great Britain: Midland Publishing. ISBN 1-85780-072-9.
External links[]
- Helgason, Guðmundur. "U-863". http://uboat.net/boats/u863.htm. Retrieved 6 January 2014.
External links[]
- Helgason, Guðmundur. "Patrols by U-863". http://uboat.net/boats/patrols/u863.html.
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The original article can be found at German submarine U-863 and the edit history here.