Gwrych Castle

Gwrych Castle
Castell Gwrych
Abergele, Wales
East wing of the castle
Coordinates	53.2833°N 3.6087°W / 53.2833; -3.6087
Type	Gothic revival
Site information
Owner	Gwrych Castle Preservation Trust
Condition	Derelict, being restored
Website	www.gwrychcastle.co.uk
Site history
Built	Original building c.14th/15th centuries Rebuilt 1810 onwards
Built by	Lloyd Hesketh Bamford-Hesketh (1812–1822) Thomas Rickman (1819–1820) Charles Augustin Busby Henry Kennedy (c. 1840s) George Edmund Street (c. 1870s) Detmar Blow (1914)
In use	Open to public
Materials	Cast iron, grey and white limestone
Listed Building – Grade I

Gwrych Castle (Welsh language: Castell Gwrych

pronounced [ˌkastɛɬ ˈɡwrɨːx] meaning "Hedged Castle") is a Grade I listed 19th-century country house near Abergele in Conwy County Borough, Wales. The castle and 236 acre estate are privately owned but most of the land is loaned out to Natural Resources Wales on a 999-year lease.

Pronunciation of Castell Gwrych (Welsh)

Pronunciation of Gwrych Castle (English)

Early history

The Lloyds (Llwyds) of Plas yn y Gwrych were the ancestral owners of Gwrych and could trace their ancestry back to the mediaeval period. They were part of the royal house of Marchudd ap Cynan, founder of the VIII Noble Tribe of North Wales. The Lloyds also shared co-sanguinity with Llywelyn the Great. Situated within the Gwrych Castle Estate are a pair of Iron Age hillforts, a Roman shrine, lead and silver mines and mediaeval battle sites; the latter are recorded on stone tablets at the principal entrance.

The creation of the castle

Gwrych Castle was built between 1810 and 1825 by Lloyd Hesketh Bamford-Hesketh (1787–1861), in memory of his mother Frances Lloyd and her ancestors. It incorporated an earlier house that had been in the ownership of the Lloyds since the late-medieval period. From 1894 until 1924, Winifred, Countess of Dundonald, the Hesketh heiress, owned the estate and it became the residence of the Dundonald family (family name of Cochrane). The countess] left the castle in her will to King George V and the then Prince of Wales (who later became Edward VIII). However, the gift was refused and the castle passed to the Venerable Order of Saint John. In 1928, the 12th Earl of Dundonald purchased the castle for £78,000 (equivalent to £4,197,000 in 2019), selling the contents to meet the cost.

A page of Anne Wagner's scrapbook devoted to Mrs Browne of Gwrych depicting the original medieval building, Plas yn y Gwrych, prior to the erection of the castle, c. 1800

Gwrych Castle in 1825, shortly after the Georgian castellated mansion had been completed

Gwrych Castle in the 1920s, viewed from the Hesketh Tower

During the Second World War, as part of the Kindertransport programme, the Government used the castle to house 200 Jewish refugees run by the Jewish Zionist youth movement Bnei Akiva. Following the war, the castle and estate left the Dundonald family and was opened to the public as a visitor attraction.

The Headless Monster

According to a few articles from 1913, on the main road leading to Colwyn Bay near Gwrych Castle, a person claimed that he saw a 'headless monster' in a field over a hedge. Another person claimed they heard a screech on the same road, but the headless creature turned out to be a black and white sheep that looked headless due to its black head blending with the shadows of the hedges; the screech turned out to be a broken branch of a tree being blown by the wind. This heightened fear caused many people to avoid that road completely, walking miles longer or taking a train instead. Men also took up arms, purchasing revolvers to protect themselves on their way to work.

Visitor attraction

Gwrych Castle became known as "The Showpiece of Wales" and attracted many visitors. It was also used as a training venue for the English World Middleweight boxing champion Randolph Turpin in the early 1950s.

The restored formal gardens at Gwrych Castle. Built in the 1830s they were based on Queen Eleanor's garden at Conwy Castle

In the early 1960s it was an occasional venue for the famous motorcycle Dragon Rally, and in the 1970s it was used as a centre for medieval re-enactments, attracting tourists with such events as jousting and banquets.

Closure and decline

The castle closed to the public in 1987, and it started to decline. It was bought in 1989 by Nick Tavaglione, an American businessman, for £750,000. However, his plans to renovate the building were not carried out. As a result, the castle was extensively looted and vandalised, becoming little more than a derelict shell, although it was used in 1996 as the backdrop for Prince Valiant, a film starring Edward Fox, Joanna Lumley and Katherine Heigl. It is currently open for guided and self-guided tours, but part of the site is closed as unsafe.

During the period of Tavaglione's ownership, historian Mark Baker campaigned for the castle to be brought back to its days of glory—a campaign that he started when he was twelve years old. Baker was instrumental in forming the Gwrych Castle Preservation Trust, dedicated to ensuring the castle's future. The condition of the property was monitored by the Trust, who lobbied Conwy council to compulsorily purchase the property, eventually placing pressure on the American owner, who put it up for sale in March 2006.

Gwrych Castle and estate

City Services Ltd, trading as Clayton Homes and Clayton Hotels, bought the castle in January 2007 for £850,000, after it failed to reach its £1.5m reserve price at the 2 June 2006 auction. On 30 April 2007, Clayton Hotels announced a three-year project, costing £6,000,000, to renovate the castle and convert it into a 90-bedroom 5-star hotel, creating 100 jobs. The project was subject to planning permission, but had the support of the Trust. Clayton Hotels spent about £500,000 on its plans, clearing the site and rebuilding areas.

After Clayton Hotels was placed in administration, new developers obtained fresh planning permission in November 2012 from Conwy County Borough Council for the castle to be converted into a luxury hotel with 75 bedrooms and associated facilities.

Rescue of the castle and estate

On 13 June 2018, Gwrych Castle and its estate was sold to Gwrych Castle Preservation Trust, a registered charity, enabled by a grant from the National Heritage Memorial Fund.

The aims of the Gwrych Castle Preservation Trust is; 'to preserve for the benefit of the people of north Wales and of the nation, the historical, architectural and constructional heritage that may exist in and around Gwrych Castle, Abergele, North Wales in buildings (including any building as defined in Section 336 of the Town & Planning Act 1990) of particular beauty or historical, architectural or constructional interest.', further aims were also explained in a Welsh article where their hopes are to promote Welsh-based crafters, artists, musicians, and other creative avenues; "It's clear which path we want to follow - one that supports Welsh culture."

Due to the large cost of repairs and restoring lost content, the trust relies on volunteers or/and philanthropists who are able to contribute their time, experiences, knowledge and skills.

Work on the castle to prepare for I'm a Celebrity filming

In August 2020 it was rumoured that ITV had chosen the castle, for the filming of the 20th series of I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! after the COVID-19 pandemic meant that the usual Australian location was no longer usable. This was confirmed on 27 August after Gwrych publicly confirmed this on their social media sites. Giovanna Fletcher was crowned the first-ever Queen of the Castle at the end of the series.

Books about Gwrych Castle

• Mark Baker (2000). Gwrych Castle: A Pictorial History. Mark Baker. ISBN 978-0-7074-0349-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=KXnMMgEACAAJ. 
• Mark Baker (2003). The rise and fall of Gwrych Castle, Abergele, North Wales: including Winifred, Countess of Dundonald : a biography. Mark Baker. ISBN 978-0-9537440-1-5. https://books.google.com/books?id=qHavAAAACAAJ. 
• Mark Baker (2006). Myths and Legends of the Gwrych Castle Estate: An Archaeological, Historical and Oral History Approach. Mark Baker. ISBN 978-0-9537440-3-9. https://books.google.com/books?id=Q5cnAAAACAAJ. 

The Gwrych Castle Trust Archive and the National Library of Wales hold materials relating to Gwrych, including original plans and designs for the stained-glass windows.

In the media

Television

• Michael Portillo visited Gwrych Castle and met Mark Baker during series 9 episode 14 "Liverpool to Dolgarrog" of BBC Television's Great British Railway Journeys, first broadcast on 18 January 2018.
• BBC One Wales' Hidden Wales episode 1 (2018) presented by Will Millard.
• Gwrych Castle was featured in the season 5 episode "Haunting of Heartbreak Castle" of the TV series Mysteries of the Abandoned which aired on the Science Channel on 19 December 2019.
• In February 2020, Gwrych was briefly shown on S4C's subsidiary Hansh, where a Welsh artist, Rhŷn Williams, spoke about mental health and using his art as therapy to cope. The location was used to show the importance of keeping culture alive.
• Gwrych Castle was used as the location of the 20th series of ITV's I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, filming in Australia, the usual location for the series, was not possible.

Films

• Holiday on the Buses (1973)
• Prince Valiant (1997)
• Dragon Crusaders (2011)
• Saint Dracula 3D (2012)

Literature

• Life and Liszt: The Recollections of a Concert Pianist by Arthur Friedheim (1961), the closest associate to Franz Liszt. In the book Friedheim details how a recital was arranged for him by Giacomo Casanova's cousin Lord Oranmore; it was taken at "the beautiful home of the Countess of Dundonald" (Gwrych Castle).

External links

• Gwrych CastleTemplate:LBI Collection Links
• Gwrych Castle: The astonishing fantasy castle saved by the dreams and bravery of a 12-year-old boy Country Life article
• Template:LBI Collection Links