Changes: Henry Breault

Henry Breault
Henry Breault
	Henry Breault
Born	14 October 1900
Died	5 December 1941 (aged 41)
Place of birth	Putnam, Connecticut
Place of death	Newport, Rhode Island
Place of burial	Saint Mary Cemetery; Putnam, Connecticut
Allegiance	United States of America
Service/branch	Royal Navy; United States Navy
Years of service	ca. 1916 - ca. 1920 (Royal Navy); ca. 1921 - 1941 (U.S. Navy)
Rank	Torpedoman First Class (U.S. Navy)
Unit	USS O-5 (SS-66)
Awards	Medal of Honor

Revision as of 19:20, 24 May 2020

Henry Breault (14 October 1900 – 5 December 1941) was a United States Navy sailor who received the Medal of Honor for his actions while serving aboard the USS O-5 (SS-66) (US Submarine O-5). He is the only enlisted submariner to be awarded the Medal of Honor for actions aboard a United States submarine.^[1]

Biography

Henry Breault was born in Putnam, Connecticut, on 14 October 1900. He enlisted in the British Royal Navy at sixteen years of age and, after serving under the White Ensign for four years, joined the U.S. Navy.^[2]

On 28 October 1923 Torpedoman Second Class Breault was a member of the crew of USS O-5 (SS-66) when that submarine was sunk in a collision in the Panama Canal. Though he could have escaped, Breault chose to assist a shipmate, and remained inside the sunken submarine until both were rescued more than a day later. For his "heroism and devotion to duty" on this occasion, Henry Breault was awarded the Medal of Honor. He received his Medal of Honor from President Calvin Coolidge, in ceremonies at the White House, Washington, D.C., on 8 March 1924.^[2]

Following twenty years of U.S. Navy service, Henry Breault became ill with a heart condition. He died at the Naval Hospital at Newport, Rhode Island, on 4 December 1941. He was buried in Saint Mary Cemetery in Putnam, Connecticut.^[2]

Medal of Honor Action

On 28 October 1923, the USS O-5 (SS-66) was operating with other units of the U.S. Atlantic Fleet under the command of Commander Submarine Force, Coco Solo, Canal Zone. At approximately 0630, O-5, under the command of Lieutenant Harrison Avery, was underway leading a column of submarines consisting of O-5 (SS-66), O-3 (SS-64), O-6 (SS-67), and O-8 (SS-69) across Limon Bay toward the entrance to the Panama Canal. The steamship SS Abangarez, owned by the United Fruit Company and captained by Master W.A. Card, was underway toward Dock No. 6 at Cristobal. Through a series of maneuvering errors and miscommunication, the SS Abangarez collided with the O-5 and struck the submarine on the starboard side of the control room, opening a hole some ten feet long and penetrating the number one main ballast tank. The submarine rolled sharply to port – then back to starboard – and sank bow first in 42 feet of water.^[1]

The steamship picked up eight survivors – including the Commanding Officer – who had either been topside or climbed up quickly through the conning tower hatch. Nearby tugs and ships rescued several others. Eight minutes after O-5 (SS-66) sank, Chief Machinist's Mate C.R. Butler surfaced in an air bubble. In all, 16 crewmen were rescued. Five were missing. These were Chief Electrician's Mate Lawrence T. Brown and Torpedoman's Mate Second Class Henry Breault, plus three others^[1]^[3]

Henry Breault had been working in the torpedo room when the collision occurred, and he headed up the ladder topside. As he gained the main deck, he realized that Chief Brown was asleep below. Instead of going over the side, Breault headed back below to get Brown and shut the deck hatch over his head just as the bow went under. Brown was awake, but unaware of the order to abandon ship. Both men headed aft to exit through Control, but the water coming into the Forward Battery compartment made that escape route unusable. They made it through the rising water to the torpedo room and had just shut and dogged the door when the battery shorted and exploded. Breault knew the bow was under, and they were trapped.^[1]

Salvage efforts began immediately, and divers were sent down from a salvage tug that arrived from Coco Solo. By 10:00am, they were on the bottom examining the wreck. To search for trapped personnel, they hammered on the hull near the aft end of the ship and worked forward. Upon reaching the torpedo room, they heard answering hammer blows from inside the boat. In those days before modern safety and rescue devices, the only way the salvage crew, under the command of Captain Amos Bronson, Jr., could get the men out of the boat was to lift it physically from the mud using cranes or pontoons. There were no pontoons within 2,000 miles of the site, but there were two of the largest crane barges in the world, Ajax and Hercules, in the Canal Zone. They were built specifically for handling the gates of the canal locks. However, there had been a landslide at the famous Gaillard Cut and both barges were on the other side of the slide, assisting in clearing the Canal. The excavation shifted into high gear and by 2:00pm on the afternoon of the sinking, the crane barge Ajax squeezed through and was on its way to the O-5 (SS-66) site.^[1]

Divers worked to tunnel under the O-5’s bow so lifting cables could be attached. Ajax arrived about midnight, and by early morning, the cable tunnel had been dug, the cable run, and a lift was attempted. Sheppard J. Shreaves, supervisor of the Panama Canal's salvage crew and himself a qualified diver, had been working continuously throughout the night to dig the tunnel, snake the cable under the submarine, and hook it to Ajax’s hoist. Now the lift began. As the crane took a strain, the lift cables broke. Shreaves and his crew worked another cable set under the bow and again Ajax pulled. Again, the cable broke. All through the day, the men worked. Shreaves had been in his diving suit nearly 24 hours. As midnight on the 29th approached, the crane was ready for another lift, this time with buoyancy being added by blowing water out of the flooded Engine Room. Then, just after midnight, the bow of O-5 (SS-66) broke the surface. Men from the salvage force quickly opened the torpedo room hatch, and Breault and Brown emerged into the fresh air.^[1]^[4]

Medal of Honor citation

Rank and organization: Torpedoman Second Class, U.S. Navy. Born: 14 October 1900, Putnam, Conn. Accredited to: Vermont. G.O. No.: 125, 20 February 1924.
Citation:

For heroism and devotion to duty while serving on board the U.S. submarine O-5 at the time of the sinking of that vessel. On the morning of 28 October 1923, the O-5 collided with the steamship Abangarez and sank in less than a minute. When the collision occurred, Breault was in the torpedo room. Upon reaching the hatch, he saw that the boat was rapidly sinking. Instead of jumping overboard to save his own life, he returned to the torpedo room to the rescue of a shipmate whom he knew was trapped in the boat, closing the torpedo room hatch on himself. Breault and Brown remained trapped in this compartment until rescued by the salvage party 31 hours later.^[5]

For his role in the rescue, Sheppard Shreaves later received the Congressional Life Saving Medal, presented personally by Breault and Brown that same year.^[1]

Notes

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 Christley
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 US People
↑ Motor Machinist’s Mate First Class Clyde E. Hughes, Mess Attendant First Class Fred C. Smith, Fireman First Class Thomas T. Metzler
↑ Two of the other missing men’s bodies were recovered from alongside the boat and interred at the Mount Hope Cemetery in the Canal Zone. Petty Officer Clyde E. Hughes’ body was never found.
↑ Medal of Honor Recipients - Interim Awards, 1920-1940

References

This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Army Center of Military History.

"Medal of Honor Recipients - Interim Awards, 1920-1940". United States Army Center of Military History. http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/interim1920-40.html. Retrieved 27 July 2011.

This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the Naval History & Heritage Command.

"US People - Breault, Henry". US Navy Heritage & History Command. http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/pers-us/uspers-b/h-breaul.htm. Retrieved 26 July 2011.

This article incorporates public domain material from the United States Navy website http://www.navy.mil/swf/index.asp.

Christley, Jim. "Submarine Hero: TM2 Henry Breault". Undersea Warfare Spring 1999 Vol. 1, No. 3. Chief of Naval Operations Submarine Warfare Division. http://www.navy.mil/navydata/cno/n87/usw/issue_3/sub_hero.htm. Retrieved 26 July 2011.

All or a portion of this article consists of text from Wikipedia, and is therefore Creative Commons Licensed under GFDL.
The original article can be found at Henry Breault and the edit history here.

[Hero-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 Christley

[People-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 US People

[3] Motor Machinist’s Mate First Class Clyde E. Hughes, Mess Attendant First Class Fred C. Smith, Fireman First Class Thomas T. Metzler

[4] Two of the other missing men’s bodies were recovered from alongside the boat and interred at the Mount Hope Cemetery in the Canal Zone. Petty Officer Clyde E. Hughes’ body was never found.

[5] Medal of Honor Recipients - Interim Awards, 1920-1940

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 |birth_date= {{Birth date|df=yes|1900|10|14}}
 |death_date= {{Death date and age|df=yes|1941|12|5|1900|10|14}}
-|birth_place=[[Putnam, Connecticut|Putnam]], [[Connecticut]]
+|birth_place=[[Putnam, Connecticut|Putnam]], Connecticut
-|death_place=[[Newport, Rhode Island|Newport]], [[Rhode Island]]
+|death_place=Newport, Rhode Island
 |placeofburial= Saint Mary Cemetery<br/>Putnam, Connecticut
 |placeofburial_label= Place of burial
 |image=[[File:US Navy Medal of Honor (1913 to 1942).png|95px]]<br />[[File:Henrybreault.JPG|200px]]
 |caption=Henry Breault
-|nickname=
 |allegiance= [[United States|United States of America]]
 |branch= [[Royal Navy]]<br/>[[United States Navy]]
@@ Line 18: / Line 17: @@
 |battles=
 |awards= [[Medal of Honor]]
+}}
-|laterwork=}}
+[[File:Henry Breault 10707r.jpg|thumb|Henry Breault<br/>Just after receiving his Medal of Honor<br/>8 March 1924]]
-{{Infobox image
-|name = Henry Breault 10707r.jpg|thumb
-|has border = no
-|caption = Henry Breault<br />Just after receiving his Medal of Honor<br/>8 March 1924}}
 '''Henry Breault''' (14 October 1900 – 5 December 1941) was a [[United States Navy]] sailor who received the [[Medal of Honor]] for his actions while serving aboard the {{USS|O-5|SS-66}} (US Submarine O-5). He is the only enlisted submariner to be awarded the Medal of Honor for    actions aboard a United States submarine.<ref name = Hero>Christley</ref>
 ==Biography==
-Henry Breault was born in [[Putnam, Connecticut|Putnam]], [[Connecticut]], on 14 October 1900. He enlisted in the [[United Kingdom|British]] [[Royal Navy]] at sixteen years of age and, after serving under the [[White Ensign]] for four years, joined the U.S. Navy.<ref name=People>US People</ref>
+Henry Breault was born in [[Putnam, Connecticut|Putnam]], Connecticut, on 14 October 1900. He enlisted in the [[United Kingdom|British]] [[Royal Navy]] at sixteen years of age and, after serving under the [[White Ensign]] for four years, joined the U.S. Navy.<ref name=People>US People</ref>
 [[File:Henry Breault2.jpg|left|thumb|Henry Breault (center) receives the Medal of Honor from President Calvin Coolidge.]]
-On 28 October 1923 Torpedoman Second Class Breault was a member of the crew of {{USS|O-5|SS-66}} when that [[submarine]] was sunk in a collision in the [[Panama Canal]]. Though he could have escaped, Breault chose to assist a shipmate, and remained inside the sunken submarine until both were rescued more than a day later. For his "heroism and devotion to duty" on this occasion, Henry Breault was awarded the Medal of Honor. He received his Medal of Honor from President [[Calvin Coolidge]], in ceremonies at the White House, [[Washington, D.C.]], on 8 March 1924.<ref name=People/>
+On 28 October 1923 Torpedoman Second Class Breault was a member of the crew of {{USS|O-5|SS-66}} when that [[submarine]] was sunk in a collision in the Panama Canal. Though he could have escaped, Breault chose to assist a shipmate, and remained inside the sunken submarine until both were rescued more than a day later. For his "heroism and devotion to duty" on this occasion, Henry Breault was awarded the Medal of Honor. He received his Medal of Honor from President [[Calvin Coolidge]], in ceremonies at the White House, [[Washington, D.C.]], on 8 March 1924.<ref name=People/>
-Following twenty years of U.S. Navy service, Henry Breault became ill with a heart condition. He died at the Naval Hospital at [[Newport, Rhode Island|Newport]], [[Rhode Island]], on 4 December 1941. He was buried in Saint Mary Cemetery in Putnam, Connecticut.<ref name=People/>
+Following twenty years of U.S. Navy service, Henry Breault became ill with a heart condition. He died at the Naval Hospital at Newport, Rhode Island, on 4 December 1941. He was buried in Saint Mary Cemetery in Putnam, Connecticut.<ref name=People/>
 ==Medal of Honor Action==
 [[File:USS O-5 28 Oct 1923.tif|thumb|''Ajax'' hauling up {{USS|O-5|SS-66}}]]
-On 28 October 1923, the {{USS|O-5|SS-66}} was operating with other units of    the U.S. Atlantic Fleet under the command of Commander Submarine Force, Coco Solo, Canal    Zone. At approximately 0630, {{USS|O-5|SS-66|2}}, under the command of Lieutenant Harrison Avery, was    underway leading a column of submarines consisting of {{USS|O-5|SS-66|3}}, {{USS|O-3|SS-64|3}}, {{USS|O-6|SS-67|3}}, and {{USS|O-8|SS-69|3}} across [[Limon Bay]] toward the entrance to the [[Panama Canal]]. The steamship SS ''Abangarez'', owned by the [[United Fruit Company]] and captained by Master W.A.    Card, was underway toward Dock No. 6 at Cristobal. Through a series of maneuvering errors and miscommunication, the SS ''Abangarez'' collided with the {{USS|O-5|SS-66|2}} and struck the submarine on  the starboard side of the control room, opening a hole some ten feet long and penetrating    the number one main ballast tank. The submarine rolled sharply to port – then back to starboard – and sank bow first in 42 feet of water.<ref name=Hero/>
+On 28 October 1923, the {{USS|O-5|SS-66}} was operating with other units of    the U.S. Atlantic Fleet under the command of Commander Submarine Force, Coco Solo, Canal    Zone. At approximately 0630, {{USS|O-5|SS-66|2}}, under the command of Lieutenant Harrison Avery, was    underway leading a column of submarines consisting of {{USS|O-5|SS-66|3}}, {{USS|O-3|SS-64|3}}, {{USS|O-6|SS-67|3}}, and {{USS|O-8|SS-69|3}} across [[Limon Bay]] toward the entrance to the Panama Canal. The steamship SS ''Abangarez'', owned by the United Fruit Company and captained by Master W.A.   Card, was underway toward Dock No. 6 at Cristobal. Through a series of maneuvering errors and miscommunication, the SS ''Abangarez'' collided with the {{USS|O-5|SS-66|2}} and struck the submarine on  the starboard side of the control room, opening a hole some ten feet long and penetrating    the number one main ballast tank. The submarine rolled sharply to port – then back to starboard – and sank bow first in 42 feet of water.<ref name=Hero/>
-The steamship picked up eight survivors    – including the Commanding Officer – who had either been topside or climbed up    quickly through the conning tower hatch. Nearby tugs and ships rescued several others.    Eight minutes after {{USS|O-5|SS-66|3}} sank, Chief Machinist’s Mate C.R. Butler surfaced in an air bubble. In all, 16 crewmen were rescued. Five were missing. These were Chief Electrician’s Mate Lawrence T. Brown and Torpedoman’s Mate Second Class Henry Breault, plus three others<ref name=Hero/><ref>Motor Machinist’s Mate First Class Clyde E. Hughes, Mess Attendant First Class Fred C. Smith, Fireman First Class Thomas T. Metzler</ref>
+The steamship picked up eight survivors    – including the Commanding Officer – who had either been topside or climbed up    quickly through the conning tower hatch. Nearby tugs and ships rescued several others.   Eight minutes after {{USS|O-5|SS-66|3}} sank, Chief Machinist's Mate C.R. Butler surfaced in an air bubble. In all, 16 crewmen were rescued. Five were missing. These were Chief Electrician's Mate Lawrence T. Brown and Torpedoman's Mate Second Class Henry Breault, plus three others<ref name=Hero/><ref>Motor Machinist’s Mate First Class Clyde E. Hughes, Mess Attendant First Class Fred C. Smith, Fireman First Class Thomas T. Metzler</ref>
 Henry Breault had been working in the    torpedo room when the collision occurred, and he headed up the ladder topside. As he    gained the main deck, he realized that Chief Brown was asleep below. Instead of going over the side, Breault headed back below to get Brown and shut the deck hatch over his head    just as the bow went under. Brown was awake, but unaware of the order to abandon ship. Both men headed aft to exit through Control, but the water coming into the Forward Battery    compartment made that escape route unusable. They made it through the rising water to the   torpedo room and had just shut and dogged the door when the battery shorted and exploded. Breault knew the bow was under, and they were trapped.<ref name=Hero/>
@@ Line 42: / Line 38: @@
 Salvage efforts began immediately, and divers were sent down from a salvage tug that arrived from [[Coco Solo]]. By 10:00am, they were on the bottom examining the wreck. To search for trapped personnel, they hammered on the hull near the aft end of the ship and worked forward. Upon reaching the torpedo room, they heard answering hammer blows from inside the boat. In those days before modern safety and rescue devices, the only way the salvage crew, under the command of Captain Amos Bronson, Jr., could get the men out of the boat was to lift it physically from the mud using cranes    or pontoons. There were no pontoons within 2,000 miles of the site, but there were two of the largest crane barges in the world, ''Ajax'' and ''Hercules'', in the Canal Zone. They were built specifically for handling the gates of the canal locks. However, there had been a landslide at the famous [[Gaillard Cut]] and both barges were on the other side of the slide, assisting in clearing the Canal. The excavation shifted into high gear and by 2:00pm on the afternoon of the sinking, the crane barge ''Ajax'' squeezed through and was on its way to the {{USS|O-5|SS-66|3}} site.<ref name=Hero/>
-Divers worked to tunnel under the {{USS|O-5|SS-66|2}}’s bow so lifting cables could be attached. ''Ajax'' arrived about midnight, and by early morning, the cable tunnel had been dug, the cable run, and a lift was attempted.    [[Sheppard J. Shreaves]], supervisor of the Panama Canal’s salvage crew and himself a   qualified diver, had been working continuously throughout the night to dig the tunnel, snake the cable under the submarine, and hook it to ''Ajax’s'' hoist. Now the lift began. As the crane took a strain, the lift cables broke. Shreaves and his crew worked another cable set under the bow and again ''Ajax'' pulled. Again, the cable broke. All through the day, the men worked. Shreaves had been in his diving suit nearly 24 hours. As midnight on  the 29th approached, the crane was ready for another lift, this time with buoyancy being added by blowing water out of the flooded Engine Room. Then, just after midnight, the bow of {{USS|O-5|SS-66|3}} broke the surface. Men from the salvage force quickly opened the torpedo room hatch, and Breault and Brown emerged into the fresh air.<ref name=Hero/><ref>Two of the other missing men’s bodies were recovered from alongside the boat and interred at the Mount Hope Cemetery in the Canal Zone. Petty Officer Clyde E. Hughes’ body was never found.</ref>
+Divers worked to tunnel under the {{USS|O-5|SS-66|2}}’s bow so lifting cables could be attached. ''Ajax'' arrived about midnight, and by early morning, the cable tunnel had been dug, the cable run, and a lift was attempted.   [[Sheppard J. Shreaves]], supervisor of the Panama Canal's salvage crew and himself a   qualified diver, had been working continuously throughout the night to dig the tunnel, snake the cable under the submarine, and hook it to ''Ajax’s'' hoist. Now the lift began. As the crane took a strain, the lift cables broke. Shreaves and his crew worked another cable set under the bow and again ''Ajax'' pulled. Again, the cable broke. All through the day, the men worked. Shreaves had been in his diving suit nearly 24 hours. As midnight on  the 29th approached, the crane was ready for another lift, this time with buoyancy being added by blowing water out of the flooded Engine Room. Then, just after midnight, the bow of {{USS|O-5|SS-66|3}} broke the surface. Men from the salvage force quickly opened the torpedo room hatch, and Breault and Brown emerged into the fresh air.<ref name=Hero/><ref>Two of the other missing men’s bodies were recovered from alongside the boat and interred at the Mount Hope Cemetery in the Canal Zone. Petty Officer Clyde E. Hughes’ body was never found.</ref>
 ==Medal of Honor citation==
@@ Line 55: / Line 51: @@
 ==See also==
-*[[List of Medal of Honor recipients]]
 *[[List of Medal of Honor recipients during Peacetime]]
 *{{Find a Grave|7836770|work=Claim to Fame: Medal of Honor recipients|accessdate=27 July 2011}}
@@ Line 63: / Line 58: @@
 ==References==
+:{{Army Center of Military History}}
-:{{ACMH}}
 *{{Cite web
+| title = Medal of Honor Recipients - Interim Awards, 1920-1940| publisher = United States Army Center of Military History
-| last =
-| first =
-| authorlink =
-| coauthors =
-| title = Medal of Honor Recipients - Interim Awards, 1920-1940| work =
-| publisher = United States Army Center of Military History
-| date =
 | url = http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/interim1920-40.html
-| doi =
 | accessdate =27 July 2011}}
 :{{NHC}}
 *{{Cite web
-| last =
-| first =
-| authorlink =
-| coauthors =
 | title = US People - Breault, Henry
-| work =
 | publisher = US Navy Heritage & History Command
-| date =
 | url = http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/pers-us/uspers-b/h-breaul.htm
-| doi =
 | accessdate =26 July 2011}}
 :[[File:PD-icon.svg|15px]] {{USGovernment-Navy}}
@@ Line 92: / Line 73: @@
 | last =  Christley
 | first =  Jim
-| authorlink =
-| coauthors =
 | title = Submarine Hero: TM2 Henry Breault
 | work =  Undersea Warfare Spring 1999 Vol. 1, No. 3
 | publisher = Chief of Naval Operations Submarine Warfare Division
-| date =
 | url = http://www.navy.mil/navydata/cno/n87/usw/issue_3/sub_hero.htm
-| doi =
 | accessdate =26 July 2011}}
+{{Wikipedia|Henry Breault}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Breault, Henry}}
@@ Line 106: / Line 85: @@
 [[Category:Royal Navy sailors]]
 [[Category:United States Navy sailors]]
-[[Category:People from Connecticut]]
+[[Category:Military personnel from Connecticut]]
 [[Category:1900 births]]
 [[Category:1941 deaths]]
 [[Category:Non-combat recipients of the Medal of Honor]]
-{{Wikipedia|Henry Breault}}

Henry Breault
Henry Breault
Born	(1900-10-14)14 October 1900
Died	5 December 1941(1941-12-05) (aged 41)
Place of birth	Putnam, Connecticut
Place of death	Newport, Rhode Island
Place of burial	Saint Mary Cemetery Putnam, Connecticut
Allegiance	United States of America
Service/branch	Royal Navy United States Navy
Years of service	ca. 1916 - ca. 1920 (Royal Navy) ca. 1921 - 1941 (U.S. Navy)
Rank	Torpedoman First Class (U.S. Navy)
Unit	USS O-5 (SS-66)
Awards	Medal of Honor