| Inter-Services Intelligence activities in India | |
|---|---|
| Part of Indo-Pakistani wars, Kashmir conflict | |
 Inter-Services Intelligence activities in India include activities like insurgency in Northeast India and Khalistan movement. | |
| Location | India |
| Objective | Operational |
| Date | 1950—Present |
The Inter-Services Intelligence (abbreviated as ISI), has been involved in running the military intelligence program in India, with one of the subsections of its Joint Intelligence Bureau (JIB) department devoted to perform various operations in India and related to them.[1] The Joint Signal Intelligence Bureau department has been also supporting Kashmiri militants in regards to communication.[1] The Joint Intelligence North section of the Joint Counter-Intelligence Bureau wing deals particularly with India.[2] In the 1950s the ISI's Covert Action Division supplied arms to insurgents in Northeast India.[1][3] India has also accused the ISI of reinvigorating terrorism in the country via support to the pro-Khalistan militant groups such as International Sikh Youth Federation, in order to take revenge against India for its help in liberation of Bangladesh as well as to destabilize the Indian State.[4][5] A report by India's Intelligence Bureau indicated that ISI was "desperately trying to revive Sikh" militant activity in India.[6] The ISI is also allegedly active in printing and supplying counterfeit Indian rupee notes.[7]
History[]
The ISI was created after the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947, due to Military Intelligence of Pakistan's weak performance.[8] When Zia-ul-Haq seized power in July 1977, he started his K2 (Kashmir and Khalistan) strategy, initiating Operation Tupac.[9] He gave ISI the duty to make Jammu and Kashmir a part of Pakistan, and to send terrorists to Punjab.[9] According to arrested ISI agents, the intelligence agency's aims are to confound Indian Muslims using Kashmiri Muslims, extend the ISI network in India, cultivate terrorists and terrorist groups, cause attacks similar to the 1993 Bombay bombings in other cities, and create a state of insurgency in Muslim-dominated regions.[10] The ISI has allegedly set up bases in Nepal and Bangladesh, which are used for operations in North-East India.[10]
Operations in Jammu and Kashmir[]
About Rs. 2.4 crore are paid out per month by the ISI, in order to fund its activities in Jammu and Kashmir.[1] Pro-Pakistani groups were reportedly favored over other militant groups.[1] Creation of six militant groups in Kashmir, which included Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT), was aided by the ISI.[11][12] According to American Intelligence officials, ISI is still providing protection and help to LeT.[12] The Pakistan Army and ISI also LeT volunteers to surreptitiously penetrate from Pakistan Administrated Kashmir to Jammu and Kashmir.[13] As of 2010, the degree of control that ISI retains over LeT’s operations is not known.[14] The LeT was also reported to have been directed by the ISI to widen its network in the Jammu region where a considerable section of the populace comprised Punjabis.[15]
Involvement in terrorist attacks[]
Involvement with 26/11 attacks[]
Zabiuddin Ansari, a Lashkar-e-Taiba militant accused for his involvement in the 2008 Mumbai attacks, said that ISI and Pakistani army officials were involved in planning the attacks and had attended the meetings.[16] An Indian report, summarising intelligence gained from India's interrogation of David Headley,[17] alleged that ISI had provided support for the attacks by providing funding for reconnaissance missions in Mumbai.[18] The report included Headley's claim that Lashkar-e-Taiba's chief military commander, Zaki-ur-Rahman Lakhvi, had close ties to the ISI.[17] He alleged that "every big action of LeT is done in close coordination with [the] ISI."[18]
Involvement with Mumbai train blasts[]
ISI was alleged of planning the 2006 Mumbai train bombings and the Indian government said that the ISI, LeT and SIMI planned the attacks.[19]
Counterfeit Indian rupee notes[]
The ISI has been alleged to print counterfeit Indian rupee notes, which are believed to be printed in Muzaffarabad.[20] In January 2000, the Nepal police raided Wasim Saboor's house, who was an official of the Pakistani embassy of Kathmandu.[21] They found fifty thousand Indian rupee notes, each of Rs.50 denomination.[21]
See also[]
- Inter-Services Intelligence activities in Afghanistan
- Criticism of Pakistan
References[]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Pike, John (25 July 2002). "Directorate for Inter-Services Intelligence". Federation of American Scientists. http://www.fas.org/irp/world/pakistan/isi/. Retrieved 25 June 2012.
- ↑ "Daily Describes Activities of ISI in India". The Pioneer. Federation of American Scientists. 30 June 1999. http://www.fas.org/irp/world/pakistan/isi/india.html. Retrieved 25 June 2012.
- ↑ Raman, B. "PAKISTAN'S INTER-SERVICES INTELLIGENCE (ISI)". http://www.acsa.net/isi/index.html. Retrieved 25 June 2012.
- ↑ "International Sikh Youth Federation (ISYF) South Asia Terrorism Portal article". The Institute for Conflict Management. http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/states/punjab/terrorist_outfits/ISYF.htm. Retrieved 25 June 2012.
- ↑ Mehtab Ali Shah (1997). The foreign policy of Pakistan: ethnic impacts on diplomacy, 1971-1994. I.B.Tauris. pp. 149–. ISBN 978-1-86064-169-5. http://books.google.co.in/books?id=7czT4fipTyoC&dq.
- ↑ Nanjappa, Vicky (10 June 2008). "200 Pak organisations raise funds for terror: IB" (in Englilsh). Rediff.com. http://www.rediff.com/news/2008/jun/10vicky.htm. Retrieved 25 June 2012.
- ↑ M. G. Chitkara (1 January 2003). Combating Terrorism. APH Publishing. p. 296. ISBN 978-81-7648-415-2. http://books.google.com/books?id=3A0DG8caV6AC&pg=PA296. Retrieved 25 June 2012.
- ↑ "Directorate for Inter-Services Intelligence". GlobalSecurity.org. http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/pakistan/isi.htm. Retrieved 28 June 2012.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Ghosh 2000 pg.3
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Ghosh 2000 pg.8
- ↑ Does Obama understand his biggest foreign-policy challenge?, Salon.com, 2008-12-12
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Pakistani Militants Admit Role in Siege, Official Says, The New York Times, 2009-01-01
- ↑ Ashley J. Tellis (11 March 2010). "Bad Company – Lashkar-e-Tayyiba and the Growing Ambition of Islamist Militancy in Pakistan" (PDF). Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. http://www.internationalrelations.house.gov/111/tel031110.pdf.
- ↑ Curtis, Lisa (2010-03-11). "Testimony to US Congress Committee on Foreign Affairs".
- ↑ Lashkar-e-Taiba,Eyespymag
- ↑ "Saudis helped India nab 26/11 handler Abu Jundal". 25 June 2012. Archived from the original on 2012-06-25. http://www.webcitation.org/68hCOOW5G. Retrieved 25 June 2012.
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 "Indian gov't: Pakistan spies tied to Mumbai siege". news.yahoo.com. 19 October 2010. Archived from the original on 21 October 2010. http://web.archive.org/web/20101021114840/http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20101019/ap_on_re_as/as_india_mumbai_attack. Retrieved 20 October 2010.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 "Report: Pakistan Spies Tied to Mumbai Siege". Fox News. 19 October 2010. Archived from the original on 22 November 2010. http://web.archive.org/web/20101122010702/http://www.foxnews.com/world/2010/10/19/indian-report-pakistan-spies-tied-mumbai-siege/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+foxnews%2Fworld+%28Internal+-+World+Latest+-+Text%29. Retrieved 20 October 2010.
- ↑ CNN (30 September 2006). "Pakistan spy agency behind Mumbai bombings". CNN. http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/asiapcf/09/30/india.bombs/index.html?section=cnn_world#. Retrieved 30 September 2006.
- ↑ Ghosh 2000 pg.101
- ↑ 21.0 21.1 Ghosh 2000 pg.102
Notes[]
- Srikanta Ghosh (1 January 2000). Pakistan's ISI: Network of Terror in India. APH Publishing. ISBN 978-81-7648-178-6. http://books.google.com/books?id=d1dGQBDrGxYC&pg=PA121. Retrieved 28 June 2012.
The original article can be found at Inter-Services Intelligence activities in India and the edit history here.