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Jakob von Hartmann
Von Hartmann
Born (1795-02-04)4 February 1795
Died 23 February 1873(1873-02-23) (aged 78)
Place of birth Maikammer
Place of death Würzburg
Allegiance France French Empire (1804-1816)
Flag of Bavaria (striped) Kingdom of Bavaria (1816-1873)
German Empire Imperial Germany (1871-1873)
Service/branch French Army (1804-1816)
Bavarian Army (1816-1873)
Years of service 1804-1873
Rank General of the Infantry
Commands held II Royal Bavarian Corps
Battles/wars Napoleonic Wars
Austro-Prussian War
Franco-Prussian War
Awards Grandcross of the Military Order of Max Joseph
Pour le Mérite
Order of the Crown (Prussia)
Order of the Red Eagle 1st class
Iron Cross 1st and 2nd Class
Legion d’Honneur

Jakob Freiherr von Hartmann (4 February 1795 – 23 February 1873) was a Bavarian general who served in the Austro-Prussian War and Franco-Prussian War.

Early life and French service[]

Hartmann was born the son of Georg Hartmann and Barbara Geither. His maternal uncle was the French general Michael Geither. Hartmann entered the French army in October 1804 as an infantryman in the 15th Light Infantry Regiment. Two years later he was transferred to the Infantry regiment of the Grand Duchy of Berg. After graduating from Saint-Cyr in July 1811 he was named a second lieutenant in the regiment. By December he had been promoted to first lieutenant. He served in the campaigns of 1814 and 1815 in the 27th Infantry Regiment, during which time he was awarded the Legion d’Honneur. In February 1816 he asked for and was released from the French service.

Bavarian service[]

In July 1816 Hartmann entered the Bavarian 10th Regiment of the Line as a first lieutenant. In 1818 he was posted to the Topgraphical Bureau. In 1822 he was given command of a company of pioneers. In 1827 he was given a position in the Bavarian Ministry of War. Hartmann was promoted to captain in 1829 and to major in 1838. In October 1842 Hartmann was named an aide-de-camp to the Crown Prince of Bavaria. In December 1843 he was ennobled a knight in the Bavarian nobility, entitling him to the use of “von” in his name. In 1844 Hartmann was promoted to lieutenant colonel. After the Crown Prince became King Maximilian II in 1848 he was named a personal aide-de-camp to the King and promoted to colonel. In June 1849 he was promoted to major general and given command of a brigade in the 2nd Royal Bavarian Division. In 1852 he once more became a personal aide-de-camp to the King. In 1855 he once more commanded a brigade in the 2nd Division.

Hartmann was promoted to lieutenant-general in 1861 and given command of the garrison at Würzburg. During the Austro-Prussian War Bavaria joined the Austrian side and Hartmann commanded the 4th Royal Bavarian Division in engagements against the Prussians at Rossdorf and Hettstadt. After the defeat of Austria and its allies, Hartmann was retained in his command. In January 1869 Hartmann was promoted to General der Infanterie.

When the Franco-Prussian War broke out, Bavaria fought on the side of its erstwhile enemy Prussia. Hartmann was given command of the II. Bavarian Army Corps, which was together with its sister Corps - I. Bavarian Army Corps under von der Tann - part of the III Army, lead by the Crown Prince of Prussia. Hartmann lead the II Corps in the battles of Wissembourg, Wörth and Sedan. When the German armies neared Paris he fought in engagements at Corbeil, Bourg-la-Reine, Petit-Bicètre and Moulin de la Tour. On 19 September 1870 Hartmann defeated General Ducrot in an engagement at Sceaux.

In July 1871 he was further ennobled a Freiherr. After the end of the war he kept command of his corps until his death.

Notes[]

Regarding personal names: Freiherr is a former title (translated as Baron), which is now legally a part of the last name. The female forms are Freifrau and Freiin.

References[]

  • Howard, Michael, The Franco-Prussian War: The German Invasion of France 1870–1871, New York: Routledge, 2001. ISBN 0-415-26671-8.
  • Damm, Johannes; Hans Treptow (1986). Ortschronik Maikammer-Alsterweiler. Heinrich Schreck KG, Maikammer, Germany. 
  • [1]
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