Landsman or Landman (the latter being an older term[1]) was a military rank given to naval recruits.
United Kingdom[]
In the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom in the middle of the 18th century (c.1757), the term Landsman referred to a seaman with less than a year's experience at sea. After a year, the Landsman was usually promoted to the rank of Ordinary Seaman. Most were acquired by impressment (a common method of recruitment from c.1700-1815). Landsmen were usually between the ages of 16 to 35, while seasoned sailors (who started as Ordinary Seamen) could be impressed up to the ages of 50 to 55 depending on need. In 1853, with the abolition of impressment after the passing of the Continuous Service Act,[citation needed] the rank's title was changed to Apprentice Seaman. The term Landsman evolved into a more formal rating for a seaman assigned to unskilled manual labor.
United States of America[]
Landsman was the lowest rank of the United States Navy in the 19th and early 20th centuries; it was given to new recruits with little or no experience at sea. Landsmen performed menial, unskilled work aboard ship. A Landsman who gained three years of experience or re-enlisted could be promoted to Ordinary Seaman.[2] The rank existed from 1838 to 1921.[3]
References[]
- ↑ Oxford English Dictionary
- ↑ Williams, Glenn F. (April 2002). "Uncle Sam's Webfeet: The Union Navy in the Civil War". http://www.ijnhonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/pdf_williams.pdf. Retrieved 2012-08-27.
- ↑ Malin, Charles A. (19 May 1999). "Compilation of Enlisted Ratings and Apprenticeships, U.S. Navy, 1775 to 1969". Naval Historical Center. http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq78-3.htm. Retrieved 2008-01-01.
Further reading[]
- N.A.M. Roger. The Wooden World: An Anatomy of the Georgian Navy. W.W. Norton and Company, 1986.
The original article can be found at Landsman (rank) and the edit history here.