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[[World War I]] (also known as the First World War and the Great War) was a global military conflict that embroiled most of the world's great powers, assembled in two opposing alliances: the [[Allies of World War I|Entente]] and the [[Central Powers]].<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Willmott|2003|p=10}}</ref> The immediate cause of the war was the June 28, 1914 [[assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand]], heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, by [[Gavrilo Princip]], a Bosnian Serb citizen of Austria–Hungary and member of the [[Black Hand (Serbia)|Black Hand]]. The retaliation by Austria–Hungary against Serbia activated a series of alliances that set off a chain reaction of war declarations. Within a month, much of Europe was in a state of open warfare, resulting in the mobilization of more than 65 million European soldiers,<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Willmott|2003|p=307}}</ref> and more than 40 million [[World War I casualties|casualties]]—including approximately 20 million deaths by the end of the war.<ref name=casualties>{{cite book |accessdate=August 21, 2009 |url =http://books.google.com/?id=gv3GEyB19wIC&pg=PA172&dq=European+casualties+of+World+War+I#v=onepage&q= |author= Spencer Tucker, Laura Matysek Wood, Justin D. Murphy|title =The European powers in the First World War: an encyclopedia |publisher= Taylor & Francis |year= 1999 |page=172 |isbn=978-0-8153-3351-7}}</ref> |
[[World War I]] (also known as the First World War and the Great War) was a global military conflict that embroiled most of the world's great powers, assembled in two opposing alliances: the [[Allies of World War I|Entente]] and the [[Central Powers]].<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Willmott|2003|p=10}}</ref> The immediate cause of the war was the June 28, 1914 [[assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand]], heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, by [[Gavrilo Princip]], a Bosnian Serb citizen of Austria–Hungary and member of the [[Black Hand (Serbia)|Black Hand]]. The retaliation by Austria–Hungary against Serbia activated a series of alliances that set off a chain reaction of war declarations. Within a month, much of Europe was in a state of open warfare, resulting in the mobilization of more than 65 million European soldiers,<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Willmott|2003|p=307}}</ref> and more than 40 million [[World War I casualties|casualties]]—including approximately 20 million deaths by the end of the war.<ref name=casualties>{{cite book |accessdate=August 21, 2009 |url =http://books.google.com/?id=gv3GEyB19wIC&pg=PA172&dq=European+casualties+of+World+War+I#v=onepage&q= |author= Spencer Tucker, Laura Matysek Wood, Justin D. Murphy|title =The European powers in the First World War: an encyclopedia |publisher= Taylor & Francis |year= 1999 |page=172 |isbn=978-0-8153-3351-7}}</ref> |
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By the time the United States of America entered the war in 1917—three years after the first shots were fired—several Americans had already gone to fight as pilots by joining the [[Royal Flying Corps]]. These pilots reported to Canada, and after flight training were sent to fight as officers in the British military.<ref name=RFC>{{cite book |author=Barker, Ralph |title=The Royal Flying Corps in World War I |publisher=Robinson |year=2002 |isbn=978-1-84119-470-7}}</ref> |
By the time the United States of America entered the war in 1917—three years after the first shots were fired—several Americans had already gone to fight as pilots by joining the [[Royal Flying Corps]]. These pilots reported to Canada, and after flight training were sent to fight as officers in the British military.<ref name=RFC>{{cite book |author=Barker, Ralph |title=The Royal Flying Corps in World War I |publisher=Robinson |year=2002 |isbn=978-1-84119-470-7}}</ref> |
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− | The [[Medal of Honor]] was created during the [[American Civil War]] and is the highest military decoration presented by the [[United States]] government to a member of its armed forces. The recipient must have distinguished themselves at the risk of their own life above and beyond the call of duty in action against an enemy of the United States. Due to the nature of this medal, it is commonly presented [[Posthumous recognition|posthumously]].<ref name=Defenselink>{{ |
+ | The [[Medal of Honor]] was created during the [[American Civil War]] and is the highest military decoration presented by the [[United States]] government to a member of its armed forces. The recipient must have distinguished themselves at the risk of their own life above and beyond the call of duty in action against an enemy of the United States. Due to the nature of this medal, it is commonly presented [[Posthumous recognition|posthumously]].<ref name=Defenselink>{{Cite web| accessdate=February 9, 2010 |
|url=http://www.defenselink.mil/faq/pis/med_of_honor.html |
|url=http://www.defenselink.mil/faq/pis/med_of_honor.html |
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|work= Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) |
|work= Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) |
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!class="unsortable"|Notes<ref name=AMOHWMain>{{cite web |
!class="unsortable"|Notes<ref name=AMOHWMain>{{cite web |
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|accessdate=July 2, 2009 |
|accessdate=July 2, 2009 |
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− | |url |
+ | |url=http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/worldwari.html |
+ | |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722174807/https://history.army.mil/html/moh/worldwari.html |
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+ | |archive-date=August 16, 2019 |
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+ | |url-status=dead |
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|title = Medal of Honor recipients: World War I |
|title = Medal of Honor recipients: World War I |
||
|publisher = [[United States Army Center of Military History]] |
|publisher = [[United States Army Center of Military History]] |
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|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Bellicourt, France|near Bellicourt, |
+ | |{{Sort|Bellicourt, France|near Bellicourt, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|29}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|29}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly attacked and captured a machine gun position |
|Single-handedly attacked and captured a machine gun position |
||
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|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Chipilly Ridge, France|Chipilly Ridge, |
+ | |{{Sort|Chipilly Ridge, France|Chipilly Ridge, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Aug|9}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Aug|9}}}} |
||
|Took command of his platoon after all officers had been killed or wounded and single-handedly captured a machine gun nest |
|Took command of his platoon after all officers had been killed or wounded and single-handedly captured a machine gun nest |
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|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-03</span>[[Captain (United States)|Captain]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-03</span>[[Captain (United States)|Captain]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Clery Le Petit, France| |
+ | |{{Sort|Clery Le Petit, France|Cléry-le-Petit, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Nov|5}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Nov|5}}}} |
||
|Swam across a canal under fire, encouraging his men to follow, then led his unit in the capture of 100 prisoners |
|Swam across a canal under fire, encouraging his men to follow, then led his unit in the capture of 100 prisoners |
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|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-07</span>[[First Sergeant (United States)|First Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-07</span>[[First Sergeant (United States)|First Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Consenvoye, France|Consenvoye, |
+ | |{{Sort|Consenvoye, France|Consenvoye, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly attacked and captured a machine gun nest |
|Single-handedly attacked and captured a machine gun nest |
||
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|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-01</span>[[Second lieutenant#United States|Second Lieutenant]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-01</span>[[Second lieutenant#United States|Second Lieutenant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Ivoiry, France|near Ivoiry, |
+ | |{{Sort|Ivoiry, France|near Ivoiry, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|27}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|27}}}} |
||
|Killed while trying to rescue a wounded soldier under heavy fire |
|Killed while trying to rescue a wounded soldier under heavy fire |
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|[[United States Navy|Navy]] |
|[[United States Navy|Navy]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-06</span>[[Hospital Corpsman|Pharmacist's Mate First Class]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-06</span>[[Hospital Corpsman|Pharmacist's Mate First Class]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Vierzy and Somme-Py, France| |
+ | |{{Sort|Vierzy and Somme-Py, France|Vierzy and Somme-Py, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|19}}}} and <br />{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|5}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|19}}}} and <br />{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|5}}}} |
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|Exposed himself to intense fire in order to treat the wounded and establish a dressing station |
|Exposed himself to intense fire in order to treat the wounded and establish a dressing station |
||
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|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-02</span>[[Private First Class]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-02</span>[[Private First Class]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Bois De Bantheville, France|near Bois-de-Bantheville, |
+ | |{{Sort|Bois De Bantheville, France|near Bois-de-Bantheville, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|31}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|31}}}} |
||
|With [[Jesse N. Funk]], entered [[no man's land]] and rescued two wounded officers |
|With [[Jesse N. Funk]], entered [[no man's land]] and rescued two wounded officers |
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|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Pouilly Sur Meuse, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Pouilly Sur Meuse, France|near Pouilly-sur-Meuse, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Nov|9}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Nov|9}}}} |
||
|Swam the Meuse River and reconnoitered German positions under heavy fire, drowned on the return trip |
|Swam the Meuse River and reconnoitered German positions under heavy fire, drowned on the return trip |
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|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-02</span>[[Private First Class]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-02</span>[[Private First Class]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Cunel, France|near Cunel, |
+ | |{{Sort|Cunel, France|near Cunel, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|7}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|7}}}} |
||
|Manned a machine gun inside a disabled tank and single-handedly repelled two German counterattacks |
|Manned a machine gun inside a disabled tank and single-handedly repelled two German counterattacks |
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|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Medeah Ferme, France|near Medeah Ferme, |
+ | |{{Sort|Medeah Ferme, France|near Medeah Ferme, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|3}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|3}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly attacked and silenced two machine gun nests |
|Single-handedly attacked and silenced two machine gun nests |
||
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|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Saint Souplet, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Saint Souplet, France|near Saint-Souplet, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|11}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|11}}}} |
||
|Killed while trying to carry a message calling for reinforcements through heavy fire |
|Killed while trying to carry a message calling for reinforcements through heavy fire |
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|[[United States Army Air Service|Air Service]] |
|[[United States Army Air Service|Air Service]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-01</span>[[Second lieutenant#United States|Second Lieutenant]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-01</span>[[Second lieutenant#United States|Second Lieutenant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Binarville, France|near Binarville, |
+ | |{{Sort|Binarville, France|near Binarville, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|6}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|6}}}} |
||
|Killed while trying to supply the [[Lost Battalion (World War I)|Lost Battalion]] by air with [[Harold Ernest Goettler|Harold Goettler]] |
|Killed while trying to supply the [[Lost Battalion (World War I)|Lost Battalion]] by air with [[Harold Ernest Goettler|Harold Goettler]] |
||
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|[[United States Navy|Navy]] |
|[[United States Navy|Navy]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-03</span>[[Lieutenant]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-03</span>[[Lieutenant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Vierzy, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Vierzy, France|near Vierzy, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|19}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|19}}}} |
||
|Exposed himself to intense fire in order to treat the wounded and bring in supplies |
|Exposed himself to intense fire in order to treat the wounded and bring in supplies |
||
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|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-02</span>[[US First Lieutenant|First Lieutenant]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-02</span>[[US First Lieutenant|First Lieutenant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Eclisfontaine, France|near Eclisfontaine, |
+ | |{{Sort|Eclisfontaine, France|near Eclisfontaine, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|26}}}} – {{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|27}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|26}}}} – {{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|27}}}} |
||
|Continued to fight although suffering from severe wounds |
|Continued to fight although suffering from severe wounds |
||
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|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Varennes, France|near Varennes, |
+ | |{{Sort|Varennes, France|near Varennes, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|26}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|26}}}} |
||
|Rescued a wounded officer from a disabled tank and carried him to safety under intense fire |
|Rescued a wounded officer from a disabled tank and carried him to safety under intense fire |
||
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|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-03</span>[[Captain (United States)|Captain]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-03</span>[[Captain (United States)|Captain]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Le Champy Bas, France|near Le Champy Bas, |
+ | |{{Sort|Le Champy Bas, France|near Le Champy Bas, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Nov|3}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Nov|3}}}} |
||
|Led from the front despite intense machine gun fire until being mortally wounded |
|Led from the front despite intense machine gun fire until being mortally wounded |
||
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|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Verdun, France|near [[Verdun]], |
+ | |{{Sort|Verdun, France|near [[Verdun]], France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|9}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|9}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly attacked and silenced three machine gun nests |
|Single-handedly attacked and silenced three machine gun nests |
||
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|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Bois De Consenvoye, France|near Bois-de-Consenvoye, |
+ | |{{Sort|Bois De Consenvoye, France|near Bois-de-Consenvoye, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
||
|Mortally wounded while attacking a machine gun nest alone after everyone else in his team had become casualties |
|Mortally wounded while attacking a machine gun nest alone after everyone else in his team had become casualties |
||
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|[[United States Marine Corps|Marine Corps]] |
|[[United States Marine Corps|Marine Corps]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Villers Cotterets, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Villers Cotterets, France|near Villers-Cotterêts, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|18}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|18}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly attacked and captured a German strongpoint<ref group="n" name="dualrecipient">Received both the Army and Navy versions of the Medal of Honor for the same action; one of nineteen people to receive two Medals of Honor</ref> |
|Single-handedly attacked and captured a German strongpoint<ref group="n" name="dualrecipient">Received both the Army and Navy versions of the Medal of Honor for the same action; one of nineteen people to receive two Medals of Honor</ref> |
||
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|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-02</span>[[Private First Class]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-02</span>[[Private First Class]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Belleau, France|near Belleau, |
+ | |{{Sort|Belleau, France|near Belleau, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|18}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|18}}}} |
||
|Mortally wounded while single-handedly attacking and silencing a machine gun position |
|Mortally wounded while single-handedly attacking and silencing a machine gun position |
||
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|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Sommerance Landres Et Saint Georges Road, France| |
+ | |{{Sort|Sommerance Landres Et Saint Georges Road, France|Sommerance-Landres-et-Saint-Georges Road, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|14}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|14}}}} |
||
|Rescued six wounded men despite intense fire |
|Rescued six wounded men despite intense fire |
||
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|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-05</span>[[Lieutenant Colonel (United States)|Lieutenant Colonel]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-05</span>[[Lieutenant Colonel (United States)|Lieutenant Colonel]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Landres Et Saint Georges, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Landres Et Saint Georges, France|near Landres-et-Saint-Georges, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|14}}}} – {{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|15}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|14}}}} – {{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|15}}}} |
||
|Exposed himself to fire in order to lead and organize his men, remained with them after being wounded. The only person to have received the four highest awards in the United States: the Medal of Honor, the [[Distinguished Service Cross (United States)|Distinguished Service Cross]], the [[Distinguished Service Medal (Army)|Distinguished Service Medal]], and the [[National Security Medal]].<ref name="Arlington">[http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/wjodonov.htm William J. Wild Bill Donovan, Major General, United States Army]. Arlingtoncemetery.net. Retrieved on 2012-08-27.</ref> |
|Exposed himself to fire in order to lead and organize his men, remained with them after being wounded. The only person to have received the four highest awards in the United States: the Medal of Honor, the [[Distinguished Service Cross (United States)|Distinguished Service Cross]], the [[Distinguished Service Medal (Army)|Distinguished Service Medal]], and the [[National Security Medal]].<ref name="Arlington">[http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/wjodonov.htm William J. Wild Bill Donovan, Major General, United States Army]. Arlingtoncemetery.net. Retrieved on 2012-08-27.</ref> |
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Line 246: | Line 248: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-02</span>[[US First Lieutenant|First Lieutenant]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-02</span>[[US First Lieutenant|First Lieutenant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Montbrehain, France|near Montbrehain, |
+ | |{{Sort|Montbrehain, France|near Montbrehain, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
||
|Continued to lead after being wounded and, with another soldier, silenced a machine gun nest |
|Continued to lead after being wounded and, with another soldier, silenced a machine gun nest |
||
Line 254: | Line 256: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-02</span>[[Private First Class]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-02</span>[[Private First Class]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Grand Pre, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Grand Pre, France|near Grandpré, Ardennes, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|23}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|23}}}} |
||
|Killed while carrying a message through intense fire |
|Killed while carrying a message through intense fire |
||
Line 262: | Line 264: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-02</span>[[Private First Class]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-02</span>[[Private First Class]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Soissons, France|Soissons, |
+ | |{{Sort|Soissons, France|Soissons, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|18}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|18}}}} |
||
|Although severely injured, single-handedly entered a German trench and killed or captured the occupants |
|Although severely injured, single-handedly entered a German trench and killed or captured the occupants |
||
Line 270: | Line 272: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Le Catelet, France|near Le Catelet, |
+ | |{{Sort|Le Catelet, France|near Le Catelet, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|29}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|29}}}} |
||
|With [[John Cridland Latham|J.C. Latham]] and [[Thomas E. O'Shea]], rescued the crew of a disabled tank and protected them from attack all day |
|With [[John Cridland Latham|J.C. Latham]] and [[Thomas E. O'Shea]], rescued the crew of a disabled tank and protected them from attack all day |
||
Line 278: | Line 280: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Exermont, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Exermont, France|near Exermont, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|5}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|5}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly attacked and captured several German positions |
|Single-handedly attacked and captured several German positions |
||
Line 286: | Line 288: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Remonville, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Remonville, France|near Remonville, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Nov|1}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Nov|1}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly attacked and silenced a machine gun nest |
|Single-handedly attacked and silenced a machine gun nest |
||
Line 294: | Line 296: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Montbrehain, France|near Montbrehain, |
+ | |{{Sort|Montbrehain, France|near Montbrehain, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly silenced a machine gun nest |
|Single-handedly silenced a machine gun nest |
||
Line 302: | Line 304: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-02</span>[[Private First Class]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-02</span>[[Private First Class]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Bois De Bantheville, France|near Bois-de-Bantheville, |
+ | |{{Sort|Bois De Bantheville, France|near Bois-de-Bantheville, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|31}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|31}}}} |
||
|With [[Charles D. Barger]], entered [[no man's land]] and rescued two wounded officers |
|With [[Charles D. Barger]], entered [[no man's land]] and rescued two wounded officers |
||
Line 310: | Line 312: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-02</span>[[US First Lieutenant|First Lieutenant]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-02</span>[[US First Lieutenant|First Lieutenant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Bantheville, France|near Bantheville, |
+ | |{{Sort|Bantheville, France|near Bantheville, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Nov|1}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Nov|1}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly attacked and silenced a series of machine gun nests |
|Single-handedly attacked and silenced a series of machine gun nests |
||
Line 318: | Line 320: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-02</span>[[Private First Class]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-02</span>[[Private First Class]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Ronssoy, France|near Ronssoy, |
+ | |{{Sort|Ronssoy, France|near Ronssoy, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|29}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|29}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly captured and held a German position until reinforcements arrived |
|Single-handedly captured and held a German position until reinforcements arrived |
||
Line 326: | Line 328: | ||
|[[United States Army Air Service|Air Service]] |
|[[United States Army Air Service|Air Service]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-02</span>[[US First Lieutenant|First Lieutenant]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-02</span>[[US First Lieutenant|First Lieutenant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Binarville, France|near Binarville, |
+ | |{{Sort|Binarville, France|near Binarville, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|6}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|6}}}} |
||
|Killed while trying to supply the [[Lost Battalion (World War I)|Lost Battalion]] by air with [[Erwin R. Bleckley|Erwin Bleckley]] |
|Killed while trying to supply the [[Lost Battalion (World War I)|Lost Battalion]] by air with [[Erwin R. Bleckley|Erwin Bleckley]] |
||
Line 342: | Line 344: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Verdun, France|north of [[Verdun]], |
+ | |{{Sort|Verdun, France|north of [[Verdun]], France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly attacked and captured three German positions |
|Single-handedly attacked and captured three German positions |
||
Line 350: | Line 352: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-07</span>[[First Sergeant (United States)|First Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-07</span>[[First Sergeant (United States)|First Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Bois De Forges, France|Bois-de- |
+ | |{{Sort|Bois De Forges, France|Bois-de-Forges, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|29}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|29}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly silenced a machine gun nest |
|Single-handedly silenced a machine gun nest |
||
Line 358: | Line 360: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Montbrehain, France|near Montbrehain, |
+ | |{{Sort|Montbrehain, France|near Montbrehain, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly attacked and silenced a machine gun nest, killed while attacking a second |
|Single-handedly attacked and silenced a machine gun nest, killed while attacking a second |
||
Line 366: | Line 368: | ||
|Naval Reserve |
|Naval Reserve |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-01</span>[[Ensign (rank)#United States|Ensign]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-01</span>[[Ensign (rank)#United States|Ensign]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Pula, Austria–Hungary|off Pula, |
+ | |{{Sort|Pula, Austria–Hungary|off Pula, Austria–Hungary}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Aug|21}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Aug|21}}}} |
||
|Rescued a fellow pilot who had been shot down |
|Rescued a fellow pilot who had been shot down |
||
Line 374: | Line 376: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Pouilly Sur Meuse, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Pouilly Sur Meuse, France|near Pouilly-sur-Meuse, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Nov|8}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Nov|8}}}} |
||
|Swam the Meuse River and reconnoitered German positions under heavy fire |
|Swam the Meuse River and reconnoitered German positions under heavy fire |
||
Line 382: | Line 384: | ||
|[[United States Navy|Navy]] |
|[[United States Navy|Navy]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-03</span>[[Hospital Corpsman|Hospital Apprentice First Class]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-03</span>[[Hospital Corpsman|Hospital Apprentice First Class]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Thiaucourt, France|Thiaucourt, |
+ | |{{Sort|Thiaucourt, France|Thiaucourt, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|15}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|15}}}} |
||
|Reached a wounded man, treated him, and carried him to safety despite intense fire |
|Reached a wounded man, treated him, and carried him to safety despite intense fire |
||
Line 390: | Line 392: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-02</span>[[US First Lieutenant|First Lieutenant]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-02</span>[[US First Lieutenant|First Lieutenant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Greves Farm, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Greves Farm, France|near Greves Farm, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|14}}}} – {{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|15}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|14}}}} – {{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|15}}}} |
||
|Carried messages through heavy fire |
|Carried messages through heavy fire |
||
Line 398: | Line 400: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Vaux Andigny, France| |
+ | |{{Sort|Vaux Andigny, France|Vaux-Andigny, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|12}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|12}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly attacked and captured a machine gun nest, killed while attacking a second |
|Single-handedly attacked and captured a machine gun nest, killed while attacking a second |
||
Line 406: | Line 408: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Donnevoux, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Donnevoux, France|near Donnevoux, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|7}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|7}}}} |
||
|Ran through heavy fire to rescue a downed French pilot |
|Ran through heavy fire to rescue a downed French pilot |
||
Line 414: | Line 416: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Brancourt, France| |
+ | |{{Sort|Brancourt, France|Brancourt, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|11}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|11}}}} |
||
|Led an attack which successfully captured a machine gun nest |
|Led an attack which successfully captured a machine gun nest |
||
Line 422: | Line 424: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-03</span>[[Captain (United States)|Captain]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-03</span>[[Captain (United States)|Captain]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Binarville, France|northeast of Binarville, |
+ | |{{Sort|Binarville, France|northeast of Binarville, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|2}}}} – {{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|2}}}} – {{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
||
|As part of the [[Lost Battalion (World War I)|Lost Battalion]], continued to lead despite being repeatedly wounded and rescued two wounded men from under intense fire |
|As part of the [[Lost Battalion (World War I)|Lost Battalion]], continued to lead despite being repeatedly wounded and rescued two wounded men from under intense fire |
||
Line 430: | Line 432: | ||
|[[United States Navy|Navy]] |
|[[United States Navy|Navy]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-06</span>[[Gunner's Mate|Gunner's Mate First Class]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-06</span>[[Gunner's Mate|Gunner's Mate First Class]] |
||
− | |{{USS|Cassin|DD-43|6}}, off the coast of |
+ | |{{USS|Cassin|DD-43|6}}, off the coast of Ireland |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1917|Oct|15}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1917|Oct|15}}}} |
||
|Killed while attempting to release [[depth charge]]s in the face of an oncoming [[torpedo]] |
|Killed while attempting to release [[depth charge]]s in the face of an oncoming [[torpedo]] |
||
Line 446: | Line 448: | ||
|[[United States Marine Corps|Marine Corps]] |
|[[United States Marine Corps|Marine Corps]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-07</span>[[Gunnery Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-07</span>[[Gunnery Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Chateau Thierry, France|near Château-Thierry, |
+ | |{{Sort|Chateau Thierry, France|near Château-Thierry, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jun|6}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jun|6}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly attacked and dispersed a machine gun detachment<ref group="n" name="dualrecipient"/><ref group="n">Served under the name Charles F. Hoffman</ref> |
|Single-handedly attacked and dispersed a machine gun detachment<ref group="n" name="dualrecipient"/><ref group="n">Served under the name Charles F. Hoffman</ref> |
||
Line 462: | Line 464: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-02</span>[[Private First Class]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-02</span>[[Private First Class]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Pouilly Sur Meuse, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Pouilly Sur Meuse, France|near Pouilly-sur-Meuse, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Nov|9}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Nov|9}}}} |
||
|Swam the Meuse River and reconnoitered German positions under heavy fire |
|Swam the Meuse River and reconnoitered German positions under heavy fire |
||
Line 470: | Line 472: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Estrees, France|near Estrées, |
+ | |{{Sort|Estrees, France|near Estrées, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
||
|With [[Calvin John Ward|Calvin Ward]], attacked and captured a machine gun nest |
|With [[Calvin John Ward|Calvin Ward]], attacked and captured a machine gun nest |
||
Line 478: | Line 480: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Eclisfontaine, France|near Eclisfontaine, |
+ | |{{Sort|Eclisfontaine, France|near Eclisfontaine, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|26}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|26}}}} |
||
|Rescued a wounded man from under heavy fire |
|Rescued a wounded man from under heavy fire |
||
Line 486: | Line 488: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-07</span>[[First Sergeant (United States)|First Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-07</span>[[First Sergeant (United States)|First Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Argonne Forest, France| |
+ | |{{Sort|Argonne Forest, France|Argonne Forest, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|4}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|4}}}} |
||
|Although wounded, single-handedly attacked and captured a machine gun |
|Although wounded, single-handedly attacked and captured a machine gun |
||
Line 494: | Line 496: | ||
|[[United States Marine Corps|Marine Corps]] |
|[[United States Marine Corps|Marine Corps]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Blanc Mont Ridge, France|[[Blanc Mont Ridge]], |
+ | |{{Sort|Blanc Mont Ridge, France|[[Blanc Mont Ridge]], France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|3}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|3}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly attacked a machine gun nest under an artillery barrage<ref group="n" name="dualrecipient"/> |
|Single-handedly attacked a machine gun nest under an artillery barrage<ref group="n" name="dualrecipient"/> |
||
Line 502: | Line 504: | ||
|[[United States Marine Corps|Marine Corps]] |
|[[United States Marine Corps|Marine Corps]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Soissons, France|south of Soissons, |
+ | |{{Sort|Soissons, France|south of Soissons, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|18}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|18}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly silenced a machine gun nest and led a successful attack on a second nest<ref group="n" name="dualrecipient"/> |
|Single-handedly silenced a machine gun nest and led a successful attack on a second nest<ref group="n" name="dualrecipient"/> |
||
Line 510: | Line 512: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Le Catelet, France|near Le Catelet, |
+ | |{{Sort|Le Catelet, France|near Le Catelet, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|29}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|29}}}} |
||
|With [[Alan L. Eggers]] and [[Thomas E. O'Shea]], rescued the crew of a disabled tank and protected them from attack all day |
|With [[Alan L. Eggers]] and [[Thomas E. O'Shea]], rescued the crew of a disabled tank and protected them from attack all day |
||
Line 518: | Line 520: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-07</span>[[First Sergeant (United States)|First Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-07</span>[[First Sergeant (United States)|First Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Bellicourt, France|near Bellicourt, |
+ | |{{Sort|Bellicourt, France|near Bellicourt, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|29}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|29}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly silenced three machine guns, killed while attacking a fourth with another man |
|Single-handedly silenced three machine guns, killed while attacking a fourth with another man |
||
Line 526: | Line 528: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Consenvoye, France|near Consenvoye, |
+ | |{{Sort|Consenvoye, France|near Consenvoye, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|9}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|9}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly attacked and captured a machine gun |
|Single-handedly attacked and captured a machine gun |
||
Line 534: | Line 536: | ||
|[[United States Army Air Service|Air Service]] |
|[[United States Army Air Service|Air Service]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-01</span>[[Second lieutenant#United States|Second Lieutenant]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-01</span>[[Second lieutenant#United States|Second Lieutenant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Murvaux, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Murvaux, France|near Murvaux, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|29}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|29}}}} |
||
|Destroyed three [[observation balloon]]s before being forced to land because of mortal wounds |
|Destroyed three [[observation balloon]]s before being forced to land because of mortal wounds |
||
Line 566: | Line 568: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-03</span>[[Captain (United States)|Captain]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-03</span>[[Captain (United States)|Captain]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Bois De Forges, France|Bois-de- |
+ | |{{Sort|Bois De Forges, France|Bois-de-Forges, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|26}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|26}}}} |
||
|Led a small group in the capture of a series of German positions |
|Led a small group in the capture of a series of German positions |
||
Line 574: | Line 576: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Breuvannes, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Breuvannes, France|near Breuvannes, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|28}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|28}}}} |
||
|Took command of his platoon and, although repeatedly wounded, led his men forward |
|Took command of his platoon and, although repeatedly wounded, led his men forward |
||
Line 590: | Line 592: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-03</span>[[Captain (United States)|Captain]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-03</span>[[Captain (United States)|Captain]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Charlevaux, France| |
+ | |{{Sort|Charlevaux, France|Charlevaux, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|2}}}} – {{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|2}}}} – {{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
||
|As part of the [[Lost Battalion (World War I)|Lost Battalion]], continued to lead and encourage his men despite being repeatedly wounded |
|As part of the [[Lost Battalion (World War I)|Lost Battalion]], continued to lead and encourage his men despite being repeatedly wounded |
||
Line 598: | Line 600: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Fismette, France| |
+ | |{{Sort|Fismette, France|Fismette, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Aug|10}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Aug|10}}}} |
||
|Rescued a wounded officer from under heavy fire |
|Rescued a wounded officer from under heavy fire |
||
Line 606: | Line 608: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-03</span>[[Captain (United States)|Captain]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-03</span>[[Captain (United States)|Captain]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Revillon, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Revillon, France|near Revillon, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|14}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|14}}}} |
||
|Led an attack against a German trench and continued to lead after being severely wounded |
|Led an attack against a German trench and continued to lead after being severely wounded |
||
Line 614: | Line 616: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-04</span>[[Major (United States)|Major]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-04</span>[[Major (United States)|Major]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Gesnes, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Gesnes, France|near Gesnes, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|28}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|28}}}} |
||
|Continued to lead an attack despite being repeatedly wounded, later died of his wounds |
|Continued to lead an attack despite being repeatedly wounded, later died of his wounds |
||
Line 622: | Line 624: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Exermont, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Exermont, France|near Exermont, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|4}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|4}}}} |
||
|Led a small group in capturing a series of machine gun nests and then treated the wounded |
|Led a small group in capturing a series of machine gun nests and then treated the wounded |
||
Line 630: | Line 632: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Landres Et Saint Georges, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Landres Et Saint Georges, France|near Landres-et-Saint-Georges, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|16}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|16}}}} |
||
|Although wounded and cut off from his unit, helped hold off a German counterattack |
|Although wounded and cut off from his unit, helped hold off a German counterattack |
||
Line 638: | Line 640: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Ourcq River, France|on the Ourcq River, |
+ | |{{Sort|Ourcq River, France|on the Ourcq River, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|30}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|30}}}} |
||
|Continued to lead an attack despite being repeatedly wounded |
|Continued to lead an attack despite being repeatedly wounded |
||
Line 654: | Line 656: | ||
|[[United States Navy|Navy]] |
|[[United States Navy|Navy]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-02</span>[[Lieutenant, Junior Grade]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-02</span>[[Lieutenant, Junior Grade]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Bouresches, France| |
+ | |{{Sort|Bouresches, France|Bouresches, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jun|6}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jun|6}}}} |
||
|Killed while rescuing wounded men from under heavy fire |
|Killed while rescuing wounded men from under heavy fire |
||
Line 662: | Line 664: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Le Catelet, France|near Le Catelet, |
+ | |{{Sort|Le Catelet, France|near Le Catelet, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|29}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|29}}}} |
||
|Killed while attempting to rescue the crew of a disabled tank along with [[John Cridland Latham|J.C. Latham]] and [[Alan L. Eggers]] |
|Killed while attempting to rescue the crew of a disabled tank along with [[John Cridland Latham|J.C. Latham]] and [[Alan L. Eggers]] |
||
Line 670: | Line 672: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-01</span>[[Second lieutenant#United States|Second Lieutenant]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-01</span>[[Second lieutenant#United States|Second Lieutenant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Soissons, France|near Soissons, |
+ | |{{Sort|Soissons, France|near Soissons, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|18}}}} – {{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|19}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|18}}}} – {{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|19}}}} |
||
|Led an attack which captured a German strong point, continued to lead after being wounded |
|Led an attack which captured a German strong point, continued to lead after being wounded |
||
Line 678: | Line 680: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Argonne Forest, France| |
+ | |{{Sort|Argonne Forest, France|Argonne Forest, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|6}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|6}}}} |
||
|Rescued two wounded men from under heavy fire |
|Rescued two wounded men from under heavy fire |
||
Line 686: | Line 688: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-02</span>[[Private First Class]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-02</span>[[Private First Class]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Belleu Bois, France| |
+ | |{{Sort|Belleu Bois, France|Belleu Bois, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|27}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|27}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly attacked and captured a [[Bunker#Pillbox|pillbox]] |
|Single-handedly attacked and captured a [[Bunker#Pillbox|pillbox]] |
||
Line 694: | Line 696: | ||
|Naval Reserve |
|Naval Reserve |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-03</span>[[Lieutenant]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-03</span>[[Lieutenant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Bois De Belleau, France|Bois-de-Belleau, |
+ | |{{Sort|Bois De Belleau, France|Bois-de-Belleau, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jun|11}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jun|11}}}} |
||
|Tended the wounded despite artillery and [[Chemical warfare|gas]] attacks, even after his gas mask was rendered useless |
|Tended the wounded despite artillery and [[Chemical warfare|gas]] attacks, even after his gas mask was rendered useless |
||
Line 702: | Line 704: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-05</span>[[Lieutenant Colonel (United States)|Lieutenant Colonel]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-05</span>[[Lieutenant Colonel (United States)|Lieutenant Colonel]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Vandieres, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Vandieres, France|near Vandières, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|15}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|15}}}} |
||
|Continued to lead after being mortally wounded while aiding an injured soldier |
|Continued to lead after being mortally wounded while aiding an injured soldier |
||
Line 710: | Line 712: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Hamel, France| |
+ | |{{Sort|Hamel, France|Hamel, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|4}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jul|4}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly attacked and silenced a machine gun nest |
|Single-handedly attacked and silenced a machine gun nest |
||
Line 718: | Line 720: | ||
|[[United States Marine Corps|Marine Corps]] |
|[[United States Marine Corps|Marine Corps]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Blanc Mont Ridge, France|[[Blanc Mont Ridge]], |
+ | |{{Sort|Blanc Mont Ridge, France|[[Blanc Mont Ridge]], France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|3}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|3}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly captured two machine guns and forty prisoners<ref group="n" name="dualrecipient"/> |
|Single-handedly captured two machine guns and forty prisoners<ref group="n" name="dualrecipient"/> |
||
Line 726: | Line 728: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-01</span>[[Second lieutenant#United States|Second Lieutenant]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-01</span>[[Second lieutenant#United States|Second Lieutenant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Bois De Consenvoye, France|Bois-de-Consenvoye, |
+ | |{{Sort|Bois De Consenvoye, France|Bois-de-Consenvoye, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
||
|Led his platoon in the capture of a machine gun nest and continued to lead after being wounded |
|Led his platoon in the capture of a machine gun nest and continued to lead after being wounded |
||
Line 734: | Line 736: | ||
|[[United States Army Air Service|Air Service]] |
|[[United States Army Air Service|Air Service]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-02</span>[[US First Lieutenant|First Lieutenant]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-02</span>[[US First Lieutenant|First Lieutenant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Billy Sous Les Cotes, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Billy Sous Les Cotes, France|near Billy-sous-les-Côtes, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|25}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|25}}}} |
||
|Attacked seven German planes, shooting down two |
|Attacked seven German planes, shooting down two |
||
Line 742: | Line 744: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-02</span>[[US First Lieutenant|First Lieutenant]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-02</span>[[US First Lieutenant|First Lieutenant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Sechault, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Sechault, France|near Séchault, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|29}}}} – {{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|30}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|29}}}} – {{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|30}}}} |
||
|Continued to lead despite being repeatedly wounded |
|Continued to lead despite being repeatedly wounded |
||
Line 750: | Line 752: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Montrebeau Woods, France| |
+ | |{{Sort|Montrebeau Woods, France|Montrebeau Woods, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|4}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|4}}}} |
||
|Drowned after pushing another man to safety when their tank fell into a water-filled shell hole |
|Drowned after pushing another man to safety when their tank fell into a water-filled shell hole |
||
Line 758: | Line 760: | ||
|[[United States Marine Corps|Marine Corps]] |
|[[United States Marine Corps|Marine Corps]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-07</span>[[Gunnery Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-07</span>[[Gunnery Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Pittham, Belgium|over |
+ | |{{Sort|Pittham, Belgium|over Pittham, Belgium}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} and <br />{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|14}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} and <br />{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|14}}}} |
||
|Continued to fire his weapon after being severely wounded in an aerial battle against twelve German planes |
|Continued to fire his weapon after being severely wounded in an aerial battle against twelve German planes |
||
Line 766: | Line 768: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Saint Etienne A Arnes, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Saint Etienne A Arnes, France|near Saint-Étienne-à-Arnes, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly attacked and silenced a machine gun nest |
|Single-handedly attacked and silenced a machine gun nest |
||
Line 774: | Line 776: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Bois De Forges, France|Bois-de- |
+ | |{{Sort|Bois De Forges, France|Bois-de-Forges, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|26}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|26}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly attacked three machine gun nests |
|Single-handedly attacked three machine gun nests |
||
Line 782: | Line 784: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Grand Pre, France| |
+ | |{{Sort|Grand Pre, France|Grandpré, Ardennes, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|26}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|26}}}} |
||
|Killed while aiding a wounded man under heavy fire |
|Killed while aiding a wounded man under heavy fire |
||
Line 790: | Line 792: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-02</span>[[US First Lieutenant|First Lieutenant]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-02</span>[[US First Lieutenant|First Lieutenant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|St. Hubert's Pavilion, Boureuilles, France|near St. Hubert's Pavilion, |
+ | |{{Sort|St. Hubert's Pavilion, Boureuilles, France|near St. Hubert's Pavilion, Boureuilles, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|28}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|28}}}} |
||
|Led his men in a defense against German counterattacks, personally captured a German officer and extracted information from him |
|Led his men in a defense against German counterattacks, personally captured a German officer and extracted information from him |
||
Line 806: | Line 808: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Epinonville, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Epinonville, France|near Épinonville, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|26}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|26}}}} |
||
|Although ill, led his men in an attack on a machine gun and continued to lead after being wounded |
|Although ill, led his men in an attack on a machine gun and continued to lead after being wounded |
||
|- |
|- |
||
+ | |[[File:William Shemin c1918.jpg|75px|alt=A white male in a military hat and Army uniform.]] |
||
− | |{{center|—}} |
||
|style="background:#e3d9ff;"|{{nowrap|{{Sortname|William|Shemin}}}}* |
|style="background:#e3d9ff;"|{{nowrap|{{Sortname|William|Shemin}}}}* |
||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
+ | | |
||
− | |[[4th Infantry Division]] |
||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
Line 830: | Line 832: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-03</span>[[Captain (United States)|Captain]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-03</span>[[Captain (United States)|Captain]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Cheppy, France|Cheppy, |
+ | |{{Sort|Cheppy, France|Cheppy, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|26}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|26}}}} |
||
|Killed while leading two other men in an attack on German [[Bunker#Pillbox|pillbox]]es |
|Killed while leading two other men in an attack on German [[Bunker#Pillbox|pillbox]]es |
||
Line 838: | Line 840: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Consenvoye, France|near Consenvoye, |
+ | |{{Sort|Consenvoye, France|near Consenvoye, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly attacked and captured a group of German soldiers |
|Single-handedly attacked and captured a group of German soldiers |
||
Line 846: | Line 848: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-05</span>[[Lieutenant Colonel (United States)|Lieutenant Colonel]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-05</span>[[Lieutenant Colonel (United States)|Lieutenant Colonel]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Binarville, France|near Binarville, |
+ | |{{Sort|Binarville, France|near Binarville, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|29}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|29}}}} |
||
|Drew German fire onto himself so his men could find cover, retrieved a supply of grenades and was mortally wounded while planning a counterattack |
|Drew German fire onto himself so his men could find cover, retrieved a supply of grenades and was mortally wounded while planning a counterattack |
||
Line 854: | Line 856: | ||
|[[United States Marine Corps|Marine Corps]] |
|[[United States Marine Corps|Marine Corps]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-07</span>[[Gunnery Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-07</span>[[Gunnery Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Bois De Belleau, France|Bois-de-Belleau, |
+ | |{{Sort|Bois De Belleau, France|Bois-de-Belleau, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|June|13}}}} – {{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jun|14}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|June|13}}}} – {{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Jun|14}}}} |
||
|Gave his gas mask to a wounded comrade, later died of poison gas exposure |
|Gave his gas mask to a wounded comrade, later died of poison gas exposure |
||
Line 862: | Line 864: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Ardeuil Et Montfauxelles, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Ardeuil Et Montfauxelles, France|near Ardeuil-et-Montfauxelles, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|28}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|28}}}} |
||
|Led an attack on German positions and continued to lead after being mortally wounded |
|Led an attack on German positions and continued to lead after being mortally wounded |
||
Line 878: | Line 880: | ||
|[[United States Marine Corps|Marine Corps]] |
|[[United States Marine Corps|Marine Corps]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-01</span>[[Second lieutenant#United States|Second Lieutenant]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-01</span>[[Second lieutenant#United States|Second Lieutenant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Pittham, Belgium|over |
+ | |{{Sort|Pittham, Belgium|over Pittham, Belgium}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} and <br />{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|14}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} and <br />{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|14}}}} |
||
|With gunner [[Robert G. Robinson]], shot down one plane in an aerial battle against twelve German aircraft |
|With gunner [[Robert G. Robinson]], shot down one plane in an aerial battle against twelve German aircraft |
||
Line 886: | Line 888: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Ponchaux, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Ponchaux, France|near Ponchaux, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|7}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|7}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly attacked and silenced a machine gun |
|Single-handedly attacked and silenced a machine gun |
||
Line 894: | Line 896: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-04</span>[[Major (United States)|Major]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-04</span>[[Major (United States)|Major]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Apremont, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Apremont, France|near Apremont, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|1}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|1}}}} |
||
|Guided a tank towards a German machine gun nest on foot, despite intense fire |
|Guided a tank towards a German machine gun nest on foot, despite intense fire |
||
Line 902: | Line 904: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Saint Etienne A Arnes, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Saint Etienne A Arnes, France|near Saint-Étienne-à-Arnes, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly attacked and captured a German strong point |
|Single-handedly attacked and captured a German strong point |
||
Line 910: | Line 912: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-02</span>[[US First Lieutenant|First Lieutenant]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-02</span>[[US First Lieutenant|First Lieutenant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Ronssoy, France|near Ronssoy, |
+ | |{{Sort|Ronssoy, France|near Ronssoy, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|27}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|27}}}} |
||
|Killed while leading his men in a series of attacks despite being wounded |
|Killed while leading his men in a series of attacks despite being wounded |
||
Line 926: | Line 928: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Ronssoy, France|east of Ronssoy, |
+ | |{{Sort|Ronssoy, France|east of Ronssoy, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|29}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|29}}}} |
||
|With another man, silenced two machine gun nests and attacked a German trench |
|With another man, silenced two machine gun nests and attacked a German trench |
||
Line 934: | Line 936: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Mouzon, France| |
+ | |{{Sort|Mouzon, France|Mouzon, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Nov|9}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Nov|9}}}} |
||
|Under heavy fire, reconnoitered a damaged bridge and swam the river to investigate German positions |
|Under heavy fire, reconnoitered a damaged bridge and swam the river to investigate German positions |
||
Line 942: | Line 944: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Vaux Andigny, France| |
+ | |{{Sort|Vaux Andigny, France|Vaux-Andigny, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|15}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|15}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly attacked a [[Dugout (shelter)|dugout]] and captured a machine gun nest |
|Single-handedly attacked a [[Dugout (shelter)|dugout]] and captured a machine gun nest |
||
Line 950: | Line 952: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-05</span>[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Ronssoy, France|near Ronssoy, |
+ | |{{Sort|Ronssoy, France|near Ronssoy, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|27}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|27}}}} |
||
|Rescued two men from a burning tank under heavy fire |
|Rescued two men from a burning tank under heavy fire |
||
Line 958: | Line 960: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Estrees, France|near Estrées, |
+ | |{{Sort|Estrees, France|near Estrées, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
||
|With [[James Ernest Karnes|James Karnes]], attacked and captured a machine gun nest |
|With [[James Ernest Karnes|James Karnes]], attacked and captured a machine gun nest |
||
Line 966: | Line 968: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-07</span>[[First Sergeant (United States)|First Sergeant]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-07</span>[[First Sergeant (United States)|First Sergeant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Bois De Cheppy, France|near Bois-de-Cheppy, |
+ | |{{Sort|Bois De Cheppy, France|near Bois-de-Cheppy, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|26}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|26}}}} |
||
|Single-handedly attacked a machine gun nest |
|Single-handedly attacked a machine gun nest |
||
|- |
|- |
||
− | |[[File: |
+ | |[[File:Whittlesey college.jpg|75px|alt=Head and shoulders of a man wearing wire frame glasses, a dark colored suit, and a white shirt]] |
|{{nowrap|{{Sortname|Charles W.|Whittlesey|Charles White Whittlesey}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{Sortname|Charles W.|Whittlesey|Charles White Whittlesey}}}} |
||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-04</span>[[Major (United States)|Major]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-04</span>[[Major (United States)|Major]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Binarville, France|northeast of Binarville, |
+ | |{{Sort|Binarville, France|northeast of Binarville, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|2}}}} – <br />{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|7}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|2}}}} – <br />{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|7}}}} |
||
|As commander of the [[Lost Battalion (World War I)|Lost Battalion]], led his unit in holding their position and refused to surrender |
|As commander of the [[Lost Battalion (World War I)|Lost Battalion]], led his unit in holding their position and refused to surrender |
||
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|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-01</span>[[Second lieutenant#United States|Second Lieutenant]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-01</span>[[Second lieutenant#United States|Second Lieutenant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Limey, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Limey, France|near Limey, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|12}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|12}}}} |
||
|Continued to lead and fight after being mortally wounded |
|Continued to lead and fight after being mortally wounded |
||
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|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-01</span>[[Private (United States)|Private]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Cheppy, France|near Cheppy, |
+ | |{{Sort|Cheppy, France|near Cheppy, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|26}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Sep|26}}}} |
||
|With another soldier, silenced four machine gun nests, killed while attacking a fifth |
|With another soldier, silenced four machine gun nests, killed while attacking a fifth |
||
Line 998: | Line 1,000: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">O-02</span>[[US First Lieutenant|First Lieutenant]] |
|<span style="display:none">O-02</span>[[US First Lieutenant|First Lieutenant]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Cunel, France|Cunel, |
+ | |{{Sort|Cunel, France|Cunel, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|12}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|12}}}} |
||
|Supported by his company, attacked and silenced three machine gun nests |
|Supported by his company, attacked and silenced three machine gun nests |
||
Line 1,006: | Line 1,008: | ||
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
|[[United States Army|Army]] |
||
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
|<span style="display:none">E-04</span>[[Corporal#United States|Corporal]] |
||
− | |{{Sort|Chatel Chehery, France|near |
+ | |{{Sort|Chatel Chehery, France|near Chatel-Chéhéry, France}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
|{{nowrap|{{dts|1918|Oct|8}}}} |
||
|Took command of his platoon and led an attack on a machine gun nest |
|Took command of his platoon and led an attack on a machine gun nest |
||
Line 1,041: | Line 1,043: | ||
|last=Brands |
|last=Brands |
||
|first=Henry William |
|first=Henry William |
||
− | |author-link=H. W. Brands |
||
|title=T. R.: The Last Romantic |
|title=T. R.: The Last Romantic |
||
|location=New York |
|location=New York |
||
Line 1,065: | Line 1,066: | ||
;Inline |
;Inline |
||
{{reflist|2}} |
{{reflist|2}} |
||
+ | |||
⚫ | |||
{{Wikipedia|List of Medal of Honor recipients for World War I}} |
{{Wikipedia|List of Medal of Honor recipients for World War I}} |
Latest revision as of 21:03, 24 May 2020
World War I (also known as the First World War and the Great War) was a global military conflict that embroiled most of the world's great powers, assembled in two opposing alliances: the Entente and the Central Powers.[1] The immediate cause of the war was the June 28, 1914 assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, by Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian Serb citizen of Austria–Hungary and member of the Black Hand. The retaliation by Austria–Hungary against Serbia activated a series of alliances that set off a chain reaction of war declarations. Within a month, much of Europe was in a state of open warfare, resulting in the mobilization of more than 65 million European soldiers,[2] and more than 40 million casualties—including approximately 20 million deaths by the end of the war.[3]
When World War I broke out, the United States maintained a policy of isolationism, avoiding conflict while trying to negotiate peace between the warring nations. However, when a German U-boat sank the British liner Lusitania in 1915, with 128 Americans aboard, U.S. President Woodrow Wilson demanded an end to attacks on passenger ships. Germany complied and Wilson unsuccessfully tried to mediate a settlement. He repeatedly warned that the U.S. would not tolerate unrestricted submarine warfare, in violation of international law.[4]
By the time the United States of America entered the war in 1917—three years after the first shots were fired—several Americans had already gone to fight as pilots by joining the Royal Flying Corps. These pilots reported to Canada, and after flight training were sent to fight as officers in the British military.[5]
The Medal of Honor was created during the American Civil War and is the highest military decoration presented by the United States government to a member of its armed forces. The recipient must have distinguished themselves at the risk of their own life above and beyond the call of duty in action against an enemy of the United States. Due to the nature of this medal, it is commonly presented posthumously.[6]
As of 2015 121 men received the Medal for their actions in World War I (35 of them posthumously): 92 from the Army, 21 from the Navy, and 8 from the Marine Corps. Among the recipients were Alvin York, who later became the basis for the movie Sergeant York, and Edward Rickenbacker, who became a flying ace. Ralph Talbot of the Marine Corps also became a flying ace and was the first Marine aviator to receive the Medal of Honor.[7][8]
Since the Medal of Honor was established, 19 recipients have received it twice, of whom 5 received both awards during World War I.[9] These 5 men were all Marines who received both the Army and Navy versions of the Medal of Honor for the same action. This was made possible by the practice of attaching some units of the U.S. Marine Corps, a part of the Department of the Navy, to larger U.S. Army commands, making Marines in such units eligible for both Army and Navy decorations. Of the other three Marines who earned the Medal of Honor during World War I, two were awarded only the Navy version and one, Fred W. Stockham, received only the Army version.[10] In February 1919, the criteria for the award were amended to state that no person could receive more than one Medal of Honor, thus precluding any future double recipients.[11]
In 2015 two previously overlooked soldiers were identified to receive the Medal of Honor for their actions in World War I. In a June 2, 2015 ceremony at the White House in Washington, D.C. Private Henry Johnson and Sergeant William Shemin received the medal posthumously for their actions.
Recipients
This with the † indicates that the Medal of Honor was awarded posthumously
Image | Name | Service | Rank | Place of action | Date of action | Notes[12] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
—
|
Joseph B. Adkison | Army | Sergeant | near Bellicourt, France | Sep 29, 1918 | Single-handedly attacked and captured a machine gun position |
Jake Allex | Army | Corporal | Chipilly Ridge, France | Aug 9, 1918 | Took command of his platoon after all officers had been killed or wounded and single-handedly captured a machine gun nest | |
—
|
Edward C. Allworth | Army | Captain | Cléry-le-Petit, France | Nov 5, 1918 | Swam across a canal under fire, encouraging his men to follow, then led his unit in the capture of 100 prisoners |
Johannes S. Anderson | Army | First Sergeant | Consenvoye, France | Oct 8, 1918 | Single-handedly attacked and captured a machine gun nest | |
Albert E. Baesel† | Army | Second Lieutenant | near Ivoiry, France | Sep 27, 1918 | Killed while trying to rescue a wounded soldier under heavy fire | |
John H. Balch | Navy | Pharmacist's Mate First Class | Vierzy and Somme-Py, France | Jul 19, 1918 and Oct 5, 1918 |
Exposed himself to intense fire in order to treat the wounded and establish a dressing station | |
Charles D. Barger | Army | Private First Class | near Bois-de-Bantheville, France | Oct 31, 1918 | With Jesse N. Funk, entered no man's land and rescued two wounded officers | |
David B. Barkeley† | Army | Private | near Pouilly-sur-Meuse, France | Nov 9, 1918 | Swam the Meuse River and reconnoitered German positions under heavy fire, drowned on the return trip | |
—
|
John L. Barkley | Army | Private First Class | near Cunel, France | Oct 7, 1918 | Manned a machine gun inside a disabled tank and single-handedly repelled two German counterattacks |
—
|
Frank J. Bart | Army | Private | near Medeah Ferme, France | Oct 3, 1918 | Single-handedly attacked and silenced two machine gun nests |
—
|
Robert L. Blackwell† | Army | Private | near Saint-Souplet, France | Oct 11, 1918 | Killed while trying to carry a message calling for reinforcements through heavy fire |
Erwin R. Bleckley† | Air Service | Second Lieutenant | near Binarville, France | Oct 6, 1918 | Killed while trying to supply the Lost Battalion by air with Harold Goettler | |
Joel T. Boone | Navy | Lieutenant | near Vierzy, France | Jul 19, 1918 | Exposed himself to intense fire in order to treat the wounded and bring in supplies | |
Willis Winter Bradley, Jr. | Navy | Lieutenant | USS Pittsburgh en route to Buenos Aires, Argentina | Jul 23, 1917 | Entered a room containing explosives and extinguished a fire after an accidental detonation | |
Deming Bronson | Army | First Lieutenant | near Eclisfontaine, France | Sep 26, 1918 – Sep 27, 1918 | Continued to fight although suffering from severe wounds | |
—
|
Donald M. Call | Army | Corporal | near Varennes, France | Sep 26, 1918 | Rescued a wounded officer from a disabled tank and carried him to safety under intense fire |
Tedford H. Cann | Navy | Seaman | USS May | Nov 5, 1917 | Dove into a flooded compartment to find and plug a leak which threatened his ship | |
—
|
Marcellus H. Chiles† | Army | Captain | near Le Champy Bas, France | Nov 3, 1918 | Led from the front despite intense machine gun fire until being mortally wounded |
—
|
Wilbur E. Colyer† | Army | Sergeant | near Verdun, France | Oct 9, 1918 | Single-handedly attacked and silenced three machine gun nests |
—
|
Henry G. Costin† | Army | Private | near Bois-de-Consenvoye, France | Oct 8, 1918 | Mortally wounded while attacking a machine gun nest alone after everyone else in his team had become casualties |
Jesse W. Covington | Navy | Ship's Cook Third Class | USS Stewart | Apr 17, 1918 | Dove overboard and rescued a man who was surrounded by boxes of explosives | |
Louis Cukela | Marine Corps | Sergeant | near Villers-Cotterêts, France | Jul 18, 1918 | Single-handedly attacked and captured a German strongpoint[n 1] | |
George Dilboy† | Army | Private First Class | near Belleau, France | Jul 18, 1918 | Mortally wounded while single-handedly attacking and silencing a machine gun position | |
Michael A. Donaldson | Army | Sergeant | Sommerance-Landres-et-Saint-Georges Road, France | Oct 14, 1918 | Rescued six wounded men despite intense fire | |
William J. Donovan | Army | Lieutenant Colonel | near Landres-et-Saint-Georges, France | Oct 14, 1918 – Oct 15, 1918 | Exposed himself to fire in order to lead and organize his men, remained with them after being wounded. The only person to have received the four highest awards in the United States: the Medal of Honor, the Distinguished Service Cross, the Distinguished Service Medal, and the National Security Medal.[13] | |
James C. Dozier | Army | First Lieutenant | near Montbrehain, France | Oct 8, 1918 | Continued to lead after being wounded and, with another soldier, silenced a machine gun nest | |
—
|
Parker F. Dunn† | Army | Private First Class | near Grandpré, Ardennes, France | Oct 23, 1918 | Killed while carrying a message through intense fire |
—
|
Daniel R. Edwards | Army | Private First Class | Soissons, France | Jul 18, 1918 | Although severely injured, single-handedly entered a German trench and killed or captured the occupants |
Alan L. Eggers | Army | Sergeant | near Le Catelet, France | Sep 29, 1918 | With J.C. Latham and Thomas E. O'Shea, rescued the crew of a disabled tank and protected them from attack all day | |
—
|
Michael B. Ellis | Army | Sergeant | near Exermont, France | Oct 5, 1918 | Single-handedly attacked and captured several German positions |
—
|
Arthur J. Forrest | Army | Sergeant | near Remonville, France | Nov 1, 1918 | Single-handedly attacked and silenced a machine gun nest |
—
|
Gary E. Foster | Army | Sergeant | near Montbrehain, France | Oct 8, 1918 | Single-handedly silenced a machine gun nest |
Jesse N. Funk | Army | Private First Class | near Bois-de-Bantheville, France | Oct 31, 1918 | With Charles D. Barger, entered no man's land and rescued two wounded officers | |
—
|
Harold A. Furlong | Army | First Lieutenant | near Bantheville, France | Nov 1, 1918 | Single-handedly attacked and silenced a series of machine gun nests |
—
|
Frank Gaffney | Army | Private First Class | near Ronssoy, France | Sep 29, 1918 | Single-handedly captured and held a German position until reinforcements arrived |
—
|
Harold E. Goettler† | Air Service | First Lieutenant | near Binarville, France | Oct 6, 1918 | Killed while trying to supply the Lost Battalion by air with Erwin Bleckley |
Ora Graves | Navy | Seaman | USS Pittsburgh en route to Buenos Aires, Argentina | Jul 23, 1917 | Extinguished a fire after an accidental explosion | |
—
|
Earle D. Gregory | Army | Sergeant | north of Verdun, France | Oct 8, 1918 | Single-handedly attacked and captured three German positions |
Sydney G. Gumpertz | Army | First Sergeant | Bois-de-Forges, France | Sep 29, 1918 | Single-handedly silenced a machine gun nest | |
—
|
Thomas L. Hall† | Army | Sergeant | near Montbrehain, France | Oct 8, 1918 | Single-handedly attacked and silenced a machine gun nest, killed while attacking a second |
Charles H. Hammann | Naval Reserve | Ensign | off Pula, Austria–Hungary | Aug 21, 1918 | Rescued a fellow pilot who had been shot down | |
—
|
M. Waldo Hatler | Army | Sergeant | near Pouilly-sur-Meuse, France | Nov 8, 1918 | Swam the Meuse River and reconnoitered German positions under heavy fire |
David E. Hayden | Navy | Hospital Apprentice First Class | Thiaucourt, France | Sep 15, 1918 | Reached a wounded man, treated him, and carried him to safety despite intense fire | |
—
|
George P. Hays | Army | First Lieutenant | near Greves Farm, France | Jul 14, 1918 – Jul 15, 1918 | Carried messages through heavy fire |
—
|
James D. Heriot† | Army | Corporal | Vaux-Andigny, France | Oct 12, 1918 | Single-handedly attacked and captured a machine gun nest, killed while attacking a second |
—
|
Ralyn M. Hill | Army | Corporal | near Donnevoux, France | Oct 7, 1918 | Ran through heavy fire to rescue a downed French pilot |
—
|
Richmond H. Hilton | Army | Sergeant | Brancourt, France | Oct 11, 1918 | Led an attack which successfully captured a machine gun nest |
Nelson M. Holderman | Army | Captain | northeast of Binarville, France | Oct 2, 1918 – Oct 8, 1918 | As part of the Lost Battalion, continued to lead despite being repeatedly wounded and rescued two wounded men from under intense fire | |
Osmond K. Ingram† | Navy | Gunner's Mate First Class | USS Cassin, off the coast of Ireland | Oct 15, 1917 | Killed while attempting to release depth charges in the face of an oncoming torpedo | |
Edouard V. M. Izac | Navy | Lieutenant | German submarine U-90 | May 21, 1918 | Gathered intellegience while a prisoner of war, escaped and brought the information to the Allies | |
Ernest A. Janson | Marine Corps | Gunnery Sergeant | near Château-Thierry, France | Jun 6, 1918 | Single-handedly attacked and dispersed a machine gun detachment[n 1][n 2] | |
—
|
Henry Lincoln Johnson* | Army | Private | near Saint Menehoul, France | May 15, 1918 | Risked his life to protect a fellow soldier who had been severely injured during a surprise attack from German soldiers. |
—
|
Harold I. Johnston | Army | Private First Class | near Pouilly-sur-Meuse, France | Nov 9, 1918 | Swam the Meuse River and reconnoitered German positions under heavy fire |
—
|
James E. Karnes | Army | Sergeant | near Estrées, France | Oct 8, 1918 | With Calvin Ward, attacked and captured a machine gun nest |
—
|
Phillip C. Katz | Army | Sergeant | near Eclisfontaine, France | Sep 26, 1918 | Rescued a wounded man from under heavy fire |
—
|
Benjamin Kaufman | Army | First Sergeant | Argonne Forest, France | Oct 4, 1918 | Although wounded, single-handedly attacked and captured a machine gun |
John J. Kelly | Marine Corps | Private | Blanc Mont Ridge, France | Oct 3, 1918 | Single-handedly attacked a machine gun nest under an artillery barrage[n 1] | |
Matej Kocak† | Marine Corps | Sergeant | south of Soissons, France | Jul 18, 1918 | Single-handedly silenced a machine gun nest and led a successful attack on a second nest[n 1] | |
John C. Latham | Army | Sergeant | near Le Catelet, France | Sep 29, 1918 | With Alan L. Eggers and Thomas E. O'Shea, rescued the crew of a disabled tank and protected them from attack all day | |
—
|
Milo Lemert† | Army | First Sergeant | near Bellicourt, France | Sep 29, 1918 | Single-handedly silenced three machine guns, killed while attacking a fourth with another man |
—
|
Berger Loman | Army | Private | near Consenvoye, France | Oct 9, 1918 | Single-handedly attacked and captured a machine gun |
Frank Luke, Jr.† | Air Service | Second Lieutenant | near Murvaux, France | Sep 29, 1918 | Destroyed three observation balloons before being forced to land because of mortal wounds | |
Alexander G. Lyle | Navy | Lieutenant Commander | France | Apr 23, 1918 | Exposed himself to hostile fire to treat a wounded man | |
John MacKenzie | Navy | Chief Boatswain's Mate | USS Remlik (SP-157) in the Bay of Biscay | Dec 17, 1917 | Secured a live depth charge | |
James J. Madison | Naval Reserve | Lieutenant Commander | USS Ticonderoga | Sep 30, 1918 | Continued to lead his ship after being severely wounded during a U-boat attack | |
George H. Mallon | Army | Captain | Bois-de-Forges, France | Sep 26, 1918 | Led a small group in the capture of a series of German positions | |
—
|
Sidney E. Manning | Army | Corporal | near Breuvannes, France | Jul 28, 1918 | Took command of his platoon and, although repeatedly wounded, led his men forward |
Patrick McGunigal | Navy | Shipfitter First Class | USS Huntington | Sep 17, 1917 | Rescued the pilot of a crashed observation balloon | |
George G. McMurtry | Army | Captain | Charlevaux, France | Oct 2, 1918 – Oct 8, 1918 | As part of the Lost Battalion, continued to lead and encourage his men despite being repeatedly wounded | |
—
|
James I. Mestrovitch† | Army | Sergeant | Fismette, France | Aug 10, 1918 | Rescued a wounded officer from under heavy fire |
—
|
L. Wardlaw Miles | Army | Captain | near Revillon, France | Sep 14, 1918 | Led an attack against a German trench and continued to lead after being severely wounded |
—
|
Oscar F. Miller† | Army | Major | near Gesnes, France | Sep 28, 1918 | Continued to lead an attack despite being repeatedly wounded, later died of his wounds |
—
|
Sterling L. Morelock | Army | Private | near Exermont, France | Oct 4, 1918 | Led a small group in capturing a series of machine gun nests and then treated the wounded |
—
|
Thomas C. Neibaur | Army | Private | near Landres-et-Saint-Georges, France | Oct 16, 1918 | Although wounded and cut off from his unit, helped hold off a German counterattack |
—
|
Richard W. O'Neill | Army | Sergeant | on the Ourcq River, France | Jul 30, 1918 | Continued to lead an attack despite being repeatedly wounded |
—
|
Francis E. Ormsbee, Jr. | Navy | Chief Machinist's Mate | near the Naval Air Station, Pensacola, Florida | Sep 25, 1918 | Rescued the gunner of a downed plane, tried unsuccessfully to rescue the pilot |
Weedon E. Osborne† | Navy | Lieutenant, Junior Grade | Bouresches, France | Jun 6, 1918 | Killed while rescuing wounded men from under heavy fire | |
—
|
Thomas E. O'Shea† | Army | Corporal | near Le Catelet, France | Sep 29, 1918 | Killed while attempting to rescue the crew of a disabled tank along with J.C. Latham and Alan L. Eggers |
—
|
Samuel I. Parker | Army | Second Lieutenant | near Soissons, France | Jul 18, 1918 – Jul 19, 1918 | Led an attack which captured a German strong point, continued to lead after being wounded |
—
|
Archie A. Peck | Army | Private | Argonne Forest, France | Oct 6, 1918 | Rescued two wounded men from under heavy fire |
—
|
Michael J. Perkins† | Army | Private First Class | Belleu Bois, France | Oct 27, 1918 | Single-handedly attacked and captured a pillbox |
Orlando H. Petty | Naval Reserve | Lieutenant | Bois-de-Belleau, France | Jun 11, 1918 | Tended the wounded despite artillery and gas attacks, even after his gas mask was rendered useless | |
Emory Jenison Pike† | Army | Lieutenant Colonel | near Vandières, France | Sep 15, 1918 | Continued to lead after being mortally wounded while aiding an injured soldier | |
Thomas A. Pope | Army | Corporal | Hamel, France | Jul 4, 1918 | Single-handedly attacked and silenced a machine gun nest | |
John H. Pruitt† | Marine Corps | Corporal | Blanc Mont Ridge, France | Oct 3, 1918 | Single-handedly captured two machine guns and forty prisoners[n 1] | |
—
|
Patrick Regan | Army | Second Lieutenant | Bois-de-Consenvoye, France | Oct 8, 1918 | Led his platoon in the capture of a machine gun nest and continued to lead after being wounded |
Edward V. Rickenbacker | Air Service | First Lieutenant | near Billy-sous-les-Côtes, France | Sep 25, 1918 | Attacked seven German planes, shooting down two | |
George S. Robb | Army | First Lieutenant | near Séchault, France | Sep 29, 1918 – Sep 30, 1918 | Continued to lead despite being repeatedly wounded | |
—
|
Harold W. Roberts† | Army | Corporal | Montrebeau Woods, France | Oct 4, 1918 | Drowned after pushing another man to safety when their tank fell into a water-filled shell hole |
Robert G. Robinson | Marine Corps | Gunnery Sergeant | over Pittham, Belgium | Oct 8, 1918 and Oct 14, 1918 |
Continued to fire his weapon after being severely wounded in an aerial battle against twelve German planes | |
—
|
Samuel M. Sampler | Army | Corporal | near Saint-Étienne-à-Arnes, France | Oct 8, 1918 | Single-handedly attacked and silenced a machine gun nest |
Willie Sandlin | Army | Sergeant | Bois-de-Forges, France | Sep 26, 1918 | Single-handedly attacked three machine gun nests | |
—
|
William Sawelson† | Army | Sergeant | Grandpré, Ardennes, France | Oct 26, 1918 | Killed while aiding a wounded man under heavy fire |
—
|
Dwite H. Schaffner | Army | First Lieutenant | near St. Hubert's Pavilion, Boureuilles, France | Sep 28, 1918 | Led his men in a defense against German counterattacks, personally captured a German officer and extracted information from him |
Oscar Schmidt, Jr. | Navy | Chief Gunner's Mate | USS Chestnut Hill | Oct 9, 1918 | Rescued a wounded man from the water and attempted to rescue another | |
Lloyd M. Seibert | Army | Sergeant | near Épinonville, France | Sep 26, 1918 | Although ill, led his men in an attack on a machine gun and continued to lead after being wounded | |
William Shemin* | Army | Sergeant | ||||
—
|
John O. Siegel | Navy | Boatswain's Mate Second Class | USS Mohawk | Nov 1, 1918 | Rescued two men from a burning vessel before being trapped and collapsing from the smoke |
File:Alexander Skinker.jpg | Alexander R. Skinker† | Army | Captain | Cheppy, France | Sep 26, 1918 | Killed while leading two other men in an attack on German pillboxes |
Clayton K. Slack | Army | Private | near Consenvoye, France | Oct 8, 1918 | Single-handedly attacked and captured a group of German soldiers | |
—
|
Fred E. Smith† | Army | Lieutenant Colonel | near Binarville, France | Sep 29, 1918 | Drew German fire onto himself so his men could find cover, retrieved a supply of grenades and was mortally wounded while planning a counterattack |
Fred W. Stockham† | Marine Corps | Gunnery Sergeant | Bois-de-Belleau, France | June 13, 1918 – Jun 14, 1918 | Gave his gas mask to a wounded comrade, later died of poison gas exposure | |
—
|
Freddie Stowers† | Army | Corporal | near Ardeuil-et-Montfauxelles, France | Sep 28, 1918 | Led an attack on German positions and continued to lead after being mortally wounded |
Daniel A. J. Sullivan | Naval Reserve | Ensign | USS Christabel | May 21, 1918 | Secured a group of live depth charges | |
Ralph Talbot† | Marine Corps | Second Lieutenant | over Pittham, Belgium | Oct 8, 1918 and Oct 14, 1918 |
With gunner Robert G. Robinson, shot down one plane in an aerial battle against twelve German aircraft | |
Edward R. Talley | Army | Sergeant | near Ponchaux, France | Oct 7, 1918 | Single-handedly attacked and silenced a machine gun | |
Joseph H. Thompson | Army | Major | near Apremont, France | Oct 1, 1918 | Guided a tank towards a German machine gun nest on foot, despite intense fire | |
—
|
Harold L. Turner | Army | Corporal | near Saint-Étienne-à-Arnes, France | Oct 8, 1918 | Single-handedly attacked and captured a German strong point |
—
|
William B. Turner† | Army | First Lieutenant | near Ronssoy, France | Sep 27, 1918 | Killed while leading his men in a series of attacks despite being wounded |
—
|
Frank M. Upton | Navy | Ensign | USS Stewart | Apr 17, 1918 | Dove overboard and rescued a man who was surrounded by boxes of explosives |
Michael Valente | Army | Private | east of Ronssoy, France | Sep 29, 1918 | With another man, silenced two machine gun nests and attacked a German trench | |
—
|
Ludovicus M. M. Van Iersel | Army | Sergeant | Mouzon, France | Nov 9, 1918 | Under heavy fire, reconnoitered a damaged bridge and swam the river to investigate German positions |
—
|
John C. Villepigue | Army | Corporal | Vaux-Andigny, France | Oct 15, 1918 | Single-handedly attacked a dugout and captured a machine gun nest |
—
|
Reidar Waaler | Army | Sergeant | near Ronssoy, France | Sep 27, 1918 | Rescued two men from a burning tank under heavy fire |
Calvin J. Ward | Army | Private | near Estrées, France | Oct 8, 1918 | With James Karnes, attacked and captured a machine gun nest | |
—
|
Chester H. West | Army | First Sergeant | near Bois-de-Cheppy, France | Sep 26, 1918 | Single-handedly attacked a machine gun nest |
Charles W. Whittlesey | Army | Major | northeast of Binarville, France | Oct 2, 1918 – Oct 7, 1918 |
As commander of the Lost Battalion, led his unit in holding their position and refused to surrender | |
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J. Hunter Wickersham† | Army | Second Lieutenant | near Limey, France | Sep 12, 1918 | Continued to lead and fight after being mortally wounded |
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Nels Wold† | Army | Private | near Cheppy, France | Sep 26, 1918 | With another soldier, silenced four machine gun nests, killed while attacking a fifth |
Samuel Woodfill | Army | First Lieutenant | Cunel, France | Oct 12, 1918 | Supported by his company, attacked and silenced three machine gun nests | |
Alvin C. York | Army | Corporal | near Chatel-Chéhéry, France | Oct 8, 1918 | Took command of his platoon and led an attack on a machine gun nest |
See also
Footnotes
References
- This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Army Center of Military History.
- General
- "Who's Who list of Marines". Who's Who in Marine Corps History. History Division, United States Marine Corps. http://www.tecom.usmc.mil/HD/Whos_Who.htm. Retrieved July 24, 2008.
- Willmott, H.P. (2003). World War I. New York: Dorling Kindersley. ISBN 978-0-7894-9627-0. OCLC 52541937
- Brands, Henry William (1997). T. R.: The Last Romantic. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-06958-3. OCLC 36954615
- Owens, Ron (2004-10). Medal of Honor: Historical Facts & Figures. Paducah, Kentucky: Turner Publishing Company. pp. 92–98. ISBN 978-1-56311-995-8. http://books.google.com/?id=s65pmBAUmD4C. Retrieved August 11, 2009.
- Inline
- ↑ Willmott 2003, p. 10
- ↑ Willmott 2003, p. 307
- ↑ Spencer Tucker, Laura Matysek Wood, Justin D. Murphy (1999). The European powers in the First World War: an encyclopedia. Taylor & Francis. p. 172. ISBN 978-0-8153-3351-7. http://books.google.com/?id=gv3GEyB19wIC&pg=PA172&dq=European+casualties+of+World+War+I#v=onepage&q=. Retrieved August 21, 2009.
- ↑ Brands 1997, p. 756
- ↑ Barker, Ralph (2002). The Royal Flying Corps in World War I. Robinson. ISBN 978-1-84119-470-7.
- ↑ "A Brief History — The Medal of Honor". Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ). Department of Defense. August 8, 2006. http://www.defenselink.mil/faq/pis/med_of_honor.html. Retrieved February 9, 2010.
- ↑ Owens 2004, pp. 95–98
- ↑ "Medal of Honor statistics". United States Army Center of Military History. June 8, 2009. http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/mohstats.html. Retrieved June 29, 2009.
- ↑ "Double Recipients". Congressional Medal of Honor Society. 2009. http://www.cmohs.org/double-recipients.php. Retrieved 2009-09-09.
- ↑ Owens 2004, p. 94
- ↑ "History of the Medal of Honor". Congressional Medal of Honor Society. 2009. http://www.cmohs.org/medal-history.php. Retrieved 2009-09-09.
- ↑ "Medal of Honor recipients: World War I". United States Army Center of Military History. June 8, 2009. http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/worldwari.html. Retrieved July 2, 2009.
- ↑ William J. Wild Bill Donovan, Major General, United States Army. Arlingtoncemetery.net. Retrieved on 2012-08-27.
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The original article can be found at List of Medal of Honor recipients for World War I and the edit history here.