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The German operation for the invasion of Denmark and Norway in April 1940 was code-named Weserübung, or "Weser Exercise." Opposing the invasion were the partially mobilized Norwegian military, and an allied expeditionary force composed of British, French, and Free Polish formations. The following list formed the order of battle for this campaign.

Germany[]

XXI Gruppe[]

On 1 March 1940, the German 21st Army Corps was renamed Group XXI and placed in charge of the invasion of Norway. The group was allotted two Mountain and five Infantry divisions for this task. It was led by the commanding officer of the XXI Korps, General der Infanterie Nikolaus von Falkenhorst. His Chief of Staff was Oberst Erich Buschenhagen.

German Army XXI Gruppe Scandinavia 9 April 1940

Organization of Wehrmacht Heer Gruppe XXI during the invasion of Norway and Denmark April 1940[1]

  • Corps Troops
    • German 730th heavy artillery battalion
  • 2nd Mountain Division
    • Commanded by Generalleutnant Valentin Feurstein
    • The division fought in the northern part of Norway, the 137th Regiment dropped by parachute at Narvik on 15 May.
    • Regiments: 136th & 137th mountain light infantry; 111th mountain artillery
  • 3rd Mountain Division
    • Commanded by Generalleutnant Eduard Dietl
    • Most of this division was landed at Trondheim and Narvik on 9 April.
    • Regiments: 138th & 139th mountain light infantry; 112th mountain artillery
  • 69th Infantry Division
    • Commanded by Generalmajor Hermann Tittel
    • From 9 April through 15 April, divisional elements were transported to Bergen, Stavanger, and Oslo.
    • Regiments: 159th, 193rd, and 236th infantry; 169th artillery
  • 163rd Infantry Division
    • Commanded by Generalmajor Erwin Engelbrecht
    • Elements were landed at Oslo, Kristiansand, Arendal, and Stavanger, beginning on 9 April.
    • Regiments: 307th, 310th, and 324th infantry; 234th artillery
  • 181st Infantry Division
    • Commanded by Generalmajor Kurt Woytasch
    • By 15 April, this division had arrived at Trondheim, being primarily transported by aircraft.
    • Regiments: 334th, 349th, and 359th infantry; 222nd artillery
  • 196th Infantry Division
    • Commanded by Generalmajor Richard Pellengahr
    • By 15 April, most of this division had landed at Oslo.
    • Regiments: 340th, 345th, and 362nd infantry; 233rd artillery
  • 214th Infantry Division
    • Commanded by Generalmajor Max Horn. It landed at Kristiansand and Arendal on 17 and 18 April.
    • Regiments: 355th, 367th, and 388th infantry; 214th artillery
  • 170th Infantry Division
    • Commanded by Generalmajor Walter Wittke
    • Entered Denmark through the southern end of Jutland peninsula on 9 April.
    • Regiments: 391st, 399th, and 401st infantry; 240th artillery
  • 198th Infantry Division
    • Commanded by Generalmajor Otto Röttig
    • Occupied Copenhagen, Zealand, and the southern Danish islands on 9 April.
    • Regiments: 305th, 308th, and 326th infantry; 235th artillery
  • German 11th Motorized Rifle Brigade[2]

Luftwaffe[]

The Luftwaffe's X Fliegerkorps was commanded by Generalleutnant Hans Ferdinand Geisler; it had operational command of all Luftwaffe units participating in Operation Weserübung.

  • Parachute troops
    • I/German 1st Parachute Regiment
    • Commanded by Major Erich Walther
    • Individual companies were used to occupy key airfields in northern Denmark (Aalborg Airport), near Stavanger (Sola Airport), and Oslo (Fornebu Airport).
  • Aircraft available
    • 102 fighters.
    • 233 bombers.
    • 39 dive bombers.
    • 165 reconnaissance aircraft (including float planes).
    • 582 transport aircraft.

Kriegsmarine[]

Baltic Sea and Norwegian Waters Naval Group Command WestGeneraladmiral Alfred Saalwächter

Battleship ForceVizeadmiral Günther Lütjens

Objective: Narvik Warship Group OneKapitän zur See and Kommodore Friedrich Bonte ( 10 April)

Transporting:

  • Advanced HQ/3rd Mountain Division – Generalleutnant Eduard Dietl, 139th Mountain Regiment/3rd Mountain Division – Oberst Windisch, coastal artillery battery (crew only), Naval signals section, Army signals platoon, I Bn/32nd LW Flak Regiment (personnel only)

Landing Group (planned to be at or entering Narvik when Warship Group One was scheduled to arrive.)

  • Bärenfels (cargo ship) (army equipment, guns, and ammunition) – diverted to Bergen and sunk by Fleet Air Arm air attack on 14 April
  • Rauenfels (cargo ship) (army equipment, guns, and ammunition) – sunk by British destroyers Havock and Hostile while entering the Ofotfjord on 10 April.
  • Alster (cargo ship) (motor transport and military stores) – captured by the British destroyer Icarus near Bodø on 10 April

Tanker Group

  • Jan Wellem (tanker) – arrived at Narvik, sunk 13 April
  • Kattegat (tanker) – scuttled by crew after being intercepted by Norwegian patrol boat Nordkapp on 9 April

Objective Trondheim

German destroyer off Norway 1940

Admiral Hipper and a destroyer approaching Trondheim.

Warship Group TwoKapitän zur See Hellmuth Heye,

  • Admiral Hipper, Kapitän zur See Hellmuth Heye (damaged 8 April)
  • 2. Destroyer Flotilla – Fregattenkapitän Rudolf von Pufendorf
  • Naval Special Operations Group – Korvettenkapitän Wilhelm Hornack

Transporting:

  • 138th Mountain Regiment/3rd Mountain Division – Oberst Weiss, minus one company on the Lutzow, diverted to Oslo, 1./112th Mountain Artillery Regiment, 1./38th Engineer Battalion, naval signals detachment, army signals platoon, Two Coast Artillery Batteries (crews only), I Bn/611th LW Flak Regiment – personnel only, airbase personnel

Landing Group (Planned to be at or entering Trondheim when Warship Group Two was scheduled to arrive.)

  • Sao Paulo (supply ship) (mined off Bergen on 9 April, mine laid by Norwegian minelayer Tyr),
  • Levante (cargo ship)
  • Main (supply ship) (captured and sunk on 9 April by Norwegian destroyer Draug)

Tanker Group

  • Skagerrak (tanker) (scuttled on 14 April when intercepted by the Royal Navy cruiser Suffolk)
  • Moonsund (tanker) (sunk on 12 April by the British submarine Snapper)

Objective Bergen Warship Group Three – Rear Admiral Hubert Schmundt

  • KölnKapitän zur See Ernst Kratzenberg (Flag)
  • KönigsbergKapitän zur See Heinrich Ruhfus (damaged by Norwegian coastal artillery on 9 April, then sunk by Fleet Air Arm aircraft on 10 April)
  • Bremse Fregattenkapitän Jakob Förschner (damaged by Norwegian coastal artillery on 9 April)
  • Torpedo boat Leopard Kapitänleutnant Hans Trummer (sunk in collision 30 April)
  • Torpedo boat Wolf, Oberleutnant Broder Peters, Flag of 6. Torpedo Boat Flotilla Korvettenkapitän Hans Marks,

1. S-Boatflotilla – Kapitänleutnant Heinz Birnbacher

  • S-Boat-Tender Carl Peters, Kapitänleutnant Otto Hinzke (damaged by Norwegian coastal artillery on 9 April)
  • S19, S21, S22, S23, S24, Schiff 9 (mined off Bergen on 10 April, mine laid by Norwegian minelayer Tyr), Schiff 18 (damaged and beached 25 April)

Transporting:

  • HQ/69th Infantry Division, 1./169th Engineer Bn, 2./169th Engineer Bn, HQ/159th Infantry Regiment, I./159th infantry Regiment, II./159th infantry Regiment (-5. Company), 159th Band, naval signals section, army signals platoon, two coastal artillery batteries (crews only), I Bn/33rd LW Flak Regiment – personnel only, airbase personnel

Landing Group

Landing Group Stavanger

  • Roda (cargo ship) (captured and sunk on 9 April by Norwegian destroyer Æger)[3]

Objectives Kristiansand and Arendal

Warship Group FourKapitän zur See Friedrich Rieve

  • KarlsruheKapitän zur See Friedrich Rieve (torpedoed and sunk on 9 April by the British submarine Truant on return voyage to Germany)
  • Torpedo boat LuchsKapitänleutnant Karl Kassbaum, flagship of Kapitän zur See Hans Bütow (F.d.T. = Leader of T-Boats),
  • Torpedo boat GreifKapitänleutnant Wilhelm-Nikolaus Freiherr von Lyncker, flagship Korvettenkapitän Wolf Henne, leader of 5. Torpedo Boat Flotilla),
  • Torpedo boat SeeadlerKapitänleutnant Franz Kohlauf,

2. S-Boat-FlotillaKorvettenkapitän Rudolf Petersen

  • S-Boat-Tender TsingtauKapitän zur See Carl Klingner
  • S7, S8, S17, S30, S31, S32, S33

Transporting

  • HQ/310th Infantry Regiment, I/310th Infantry Regiment, 9 Co./310th Infantry Regiment, 234th Bicycle Infantry Co., naval signals platoon, two coastal artillery batteries (crews only)

Objectives Oslo and Oslofjord Warship Group Five – Rear Admiral Oskar Kummetz Objective Oslo

  • BlücherKapitän zur See Heinrich Woldag, flagship (sunk 9 April by the Norwegian coastal fortress Oscarsborg in the Oslofjord)
  • LützowKapitän zur See August Thiele (damaged by Oscarsborg 9 April, then torpedoed and further damaged by HMS Spearfish on 11 April, during the return voyage to Germany)
  • EmdenKapitän zur See Werner Lange
  • R18
  • R19
  • Rau 8

Objectives Son and Moss

  • Torpedo boat MöweKapitänleutnant Helmut Neuss

Objective Horten

  • Torpedo boat AlbatrosKapitänleutnant Siegfried Strelow (grounded and wrecked 10 April while under fire from Norwegian coastal artillery)
  • Torpedo boat KondorKapitänleutnant Hans Wilcke
  • R17 (sunk 9 April by Norwegian warships Olav Tryggvason and Rauma)
  • R22 (damaged by Olav Tryggvason and Rauma)
  • Rau 7

Objective Rauøy Island

  • R20
  • R24

Objective Bolærne Island

  • R22
  • R23

Objective Egersund Cable Station

Warship Group SixKorvettenkapitän Kurt Thoma, 2 Minehunting Flotilla

  • M-1, M-2, M-9, M-13

Objectives Korsör and Nyborg Warship Group SevenKapitän zur See Gustav Kleikamp

  • Schleswig-HolsteinKapitän zur See Gustav Kleikamp
  • Claus von Bevern (mine warfare trial ship, ex minesweeper)
  • Pelikan (mine warfare trial ship, ex minesweeper)
  • Nautilus (mine warfare trial ship, ex minesweeper)
  • Campinas (cargo ship)
  • Cordoba (cargo ship)
  • MRS 12 (minesweeper)

School Flotilla of Commander in Chief Baltic Approaches

  • Six armed fishing trawlers – Fregattenkapitän Dr. Oskar Dannenberg

Objectives Copenhagen Warship Group EightKorvettenkapitän Wilhelm Schroeder

  • Hansestadt Danzig (minelayer) – Korvettenkapitän Wilhelms Schroeder
  • Stettin (icebreaker)

Warship Group Eight supported in the waters of the Belt by 13. Patron-Flotilla – Kapitänleutnant Dr. Walther Fischer

Objectives Middelfart and Belt Bridge Warship Group NineKapitän zur See Helmut Leissner, F.d.V.O

  • Rugard (cargo ship), flagship of F.d.V.O,
  • Arkona (M115), Otto Braun (M129), Cressida, Silvia, R6, R7 (minesweepers)
  • UJ 107 (ASW patrol craft)
  • Passat, Monsun (Tugs)

Objectives Esbjerg and Nordby Warship Group TenKapitän zur See and Kommodore Friedrich Ruge F.d.M. West

  • Königin Luise (F6) (patrol craft)

12. Minehunter FlotillaKorvettenkapitän Karl Marguth

  • KFK M1201, KFK M1202, KFK M1203, KFK M1204, KFK M1205, KFK M1206, KFK M1207, KFK M1208, M4, M20, M84, M102 (minesweepers)

2. Minesweeper FlotillaKorvettenkapitän Gert von Kamptz

  • R25, R26, R27, R28, R29, R30, R31, R32 (R boat minesweepers)

Objective Thyborön 'Warship Group ElevenKorvettenkapitän Walter Berger 4. Minehunter FlotillaKorvettenkapitän Walter Berger

  • M-61, M-89, M-110, M-111, M-134, M-136 (minesweepers)

3. Minesweeper FlotillaKapitänleutnant Hagen Küster

  • R 33, R 34, R 35, R 36, R 37, R 38, R 39, R 40 (minesweepers)
  • Von Der GroebenOberleutnant zur See Gustav Czycholl (R boat tender)

Mine Sweeper Covering Group Laying minefields to the Skagerrak to protect the German resupply route to southern Norway.

Minelaying GroupKapitän zur See Kurt Böhmer:

  • RolandKorvettenkapitän Karl von Kutzleben (minelayer)
  • CobraKapitänleutnant Dr. Ing. Karl-Friedrich Brill (minelayer)
  • PreussenKorvettenkapitän Karl Freiherr von der Recke (minelayer)
  • Königin LuiseKapitänleutnant Kurt Foerster
  • M6, M10, M11, M12 (minesweepers fitted to lay mines)

U-Boat Force ForceRear Admiral Karl Dönitz

U-Boat Group One Patrol area: Narvik, Harstad, Vestfjord, Vågsfjord

U-Boat Group Two Patrol area: Trondheim, Namsos, Romsdalsfjord

U-Boat Group Three Patrol area: Bergen, Ålesund, Shetland Islands

U-Boat Group Four Patrol area: Stavanger

U-Boat Group Five Patrol area: East of the Shetland Islands, Vågsfjord, Trondheim

U-Boat Group Six Patrol area: Pentland, Orkney Islands, Shetland Islands

U-Boat Group Seven Never assembled

U-Boat Group Eight Patrol area: Lindesnes, Egersund

U-Boat Group Nine Patrol area: Bergen, Shetland Islands

Unassigned to a group Operating in the area of the Orkney Islands, Shetland Islands, and Bergen

Danish[]

Due to a non-aggression treaty with Germany, the army of Denmark had not been mobilized and no fortifications had been built. As a result, only a few elements of the Royal Danish Army were able to mount a brief defence.

Royal Danish Army[]

The Commander in chief of the Danish army was General William Wain Prior.

Royal Danish Navy[]

The Royal Danish Navy consisted of:

Norwegian[]

Due to the speed and surprise achieved by the German forces, the Norwegian military was only able to partially mobilize their military. Actual unit strengths only achieved a portion of their listed organizations. Some of the Norwegian forces were ad hoc battalions. The commander of the Norwegian Army at the time of the invasion was General Kristian Laake. He was replaced by Colonel Otto Ruge on 11 April.

Unlike the armies of most other nations, the Norwegian 'division' was more of an administrative and mobilization unit, rather than a fighting unit. The most important tactical unit of the Norwegian army was the regiment. When mobilized, each regiment was supposed to muster two battalions of infantry of the line, and one battalion of landvern.

Norwegian Army[]

  • The Royal Guards battalion – based in Oslo and Elverum, the only unit in Southern Norway that received proper training during the inter-war years.
  • 1st Division – This division had its headquarters in Halden, and was commanded by Major-General Carl Johan Erichsen.
    • 1st Infantry Regiment (based in Fredrikstad)
    • 2nd Infantry Regiment (based in Oslo)
    • 3rd Infantry Regiment (based in Kongsberg)
  • 2nd Division – This division had its headquarters in Oslo, and was commanded by Major-General Jacob Hvinden Haug.
    • 4th Infantry Regiment (based in Trandum)
    • 5th Infantry Regiment (based in Elverum)
    • 6th Infantry Regiment (based in Hønefoss)
  • 3rd Division – This division had its headquarters in Kristiansand, and was commanded by Major-General Einar Liljedahl.
    • 7th Infantry Regiment (based in Kristiansand)
    • 8th Infantry Regiment (based in Stavanger)
  • 4th Division – This division had its headquarters in Bergen, and was commanded by Major-General William Steffens.
    • 9th Infantry Regiment (based in Bergen)
    • 10th Infantry Regiment (based in Voss)
  • 5th Division – This division had its headquarters in Trondheim, and was commanded by Major-General Jacob Ager Laurantzon.
    • 11th Infantry Regiment (based in Åndalsnes)
    • 12th Infantry Regiment (based in Trondheim)
    • 13th Infantry Regiment (based in Steinkjer)
  • 6th Division – This division had its headquarters in Harstad, and was commanded by Major-General Carl Gustav Fleischer. The division was better prepared for war than any other unit of the Norwegian Army as it had been mobilised and kept on duty during the Finnish Winter War.
    • 14th Infantry Regiment (based in Mosjøen)
    • 15th Infantry Regiment (based at Elvegårdsmoen)
    • 16th Infantry Regiment (based in Tromsø and Bardufoss)
During the campaign, the 6th Division formed two light infantry brigades. The 6th Brigade was initially commanded by Colonel Kristian Løken, and from 9 May by Lieutenant Colonel Ole Berg, and the 7th Brigade, commanded by Colonel Wilhelm Faye.[4]
  • Additional units – These were additional units not organised into divisions.
    • 1st Dragoon Regiment (based at Gardermoen, including Norway's only tank)
    • 2nd Dragoon Regiment (based in Hamar)
    • 3rd Dragoon Regiment (based in Rindleiret, Verdal)
    • 1st Artillery Regiment (based in Ski)
    • 2nd Artillery Regiment (based at Gardermoen)
    • 3rd Artillery Regiment (based in Trondheim/Stjørdal)
    • 1st Mountain Artillery Battalion (based in Evje)
    • 2nd Mountain Artillery Battalion (based in Voss)
    • 3rd Mountain Artillery Battalion (based in Bardufoss)
    • Alta Battalion (based at Altagård in Alta)
    • Varanger Battalion (based in Kirkenes, with training grounds at Nyborgmoen near Varangerbotn)[5]

At the time of the German invasion, the Norwegian Army was only partially mobilized, and thus only the following land units were immediately available to the Norwegians;

  • The Oslo battalion of the Royal Guards
  • Four infantry battalions at Trandum, Madla, Gimlemoen and Ulven, as well as five additional infantry battalions in the extreme north, plus one partially mobilized infantry battalion at the outskirts of Trondheim.
  • One motorised infantry company at Gimlemoen
  • Three landvern companies at Horten, Haugesund and on various fortresses in the Oslofjord.
  • One artillery battalion at Fredrikstad, and another one in the extreme north.
  • One artillery battery at Gardermoen, and two more in the extreme north.
  • One mountain artillery battery at Evjemoen
  • One engineer company near Madla
  • Partially mobilised elements of the 3rd Dragoon Regiment at the outskirts of Trondheim

Norwegian Army Air Service[]

At the outbreak of the German invasion, the Norwegian Army Air Service consisted of:[6]

Of the Norwegian Army Air Service's aircraft, all were shot down, destroyed or captured by the Germans during the campaign, except two Fokker C.Vs and one Tiger Moth that were flown to Finland on 8 June 1940. The three biplanes were intended to form a Norwegian Army Air Service training unit in Finland under the command of Captain Ole Reistad, but were eventually taken over by the Finnish Air Force.[7]

Royal Norwegian Navy[]

The Royal Norwegian Navy during the campaign consisted of:

  • 2 Eidsvold class coastal defence ships:[8]
  • 7 destroyers:[9]
    • Three Draug class: Troll (captured 18 May), Garm (sunk 26 April) and Draug (evacuated to the United Kingdom 9 April).
    • Four Sleipner class ships: Æger (sunk 9 April), Sleipner (evacuated to the United Kingdom 25 April), Gyller and Odin (both captured 9 April)
    • Two incomplete Sleipner class destroyers: Tor (scuttled 9 April) and Balder (captured 9 April)
  • 11 minelayers:[10]
    • Five Vale class: Vale (captured 13 May), Uller (captured 9 April, sunk by Norwegian forces 1 May), Brage (captured 9 April), Nor (captured 14 April), Vidar (captured 14 April)
    • Two Gor class: Gor (captured 13 May), Tyr (captured 20 April),
    • Two Glommen class: Glommen (captured 14 April), Laugen (captured 14 April),
    • Two unique vessels: Frøya (scuttled 13 April), Olav Tryggvason (captured 9 April)
  • 8 minesweepers:[11]
    • Two Otra class: Otra (captured 10 April) and Rauma (captured 9 April)
    • Six rebuilt 2. class torpedo boats: Djerv (scuttled 2 May), Dristig (scuttled 2 May), Hvas (captured 11 April), Kjæk (captured 12 April), Falk (captured 12 April), Hauk (captured 9 April)
  • 9 submarines:[12]
    • Three A class vessels: A-2 (damaged and run aground 9 April), A-3 (scuttled 16 April), A-4 (scuttled 16 April)
    • Six B class vessels: B-1 (evacuated to the United Kingdom 8 June), B-2 (captured 11 April), B-3 (scuttled 10 June), B-4 (captured 10 April), B-5 (captured 9 April), B-6 (captured 18 May)
  • 17 torpedo boats:[13]
    • Three Trygg class: Trygg (sunk 25 April), Snøgg (captured 5 May), Stegg (sunk 20 April)
    • Six 1. class: Brand (captured 9 April), Laks (captured 13 April), Sæl (sunk 18 April), Storm (wrecked 12/13 April), Sild (scuttled 5 May), Skrei (scuttled 8 May)
    • Eight 2. class: Grib (scuttled 17 April), Jo (scuttled 17 April), Kjell (captured 11 April), Lom (captured 9 April), Ravn (scuttled 17 April), Skarv (captured 9 April), Teist (scuttled 14 April), Ravn (captured 9 April)
  • 58 patrol boats, including:
    • Fridtjof Nansen (evacuated to the United Kingdom 8 June), Heimdal (evacuated to the United Kingdom 8 June), Honningsvåg (captured from the Germans 13 April, evacuated to the United Kingdom 7 June), Nordkapp (evacuated to the United Kingdom 8 June), Oster (captured 22 May), Pol III (captured 14 April), Thorodd (evacuated to the United Kingdom 8 June)

Royal Norwegian Navy Air Service[]

The Royal Norwegian Navy Air Service consisted of:[14]

Of the Royal Norwegian Navy Air Service's fleet of aircraft, four Heinkel He 115s were evacuated to the United Kingdom at the end of the campaign, while one He 115 and three Marinens Flyvebaatfabrikk M.F.11s were flown to Finland and taken over by the Finnish Air Force.[15]

Allied[]

Mauriceforce[]

Commanded by Major-General Carton de Wiart V.C., this group began landing at Namsos on 14 April.

Sickleforce[]

Commanded by Major-General Bernard Charles Tolver Paget, this force landed at Åndalsnes starting 18 April.

Rupertforce[]

Commanded by Major-General Pierse Joseph Mackesy, this force landed at Harstad, north of Narvik, between 15 April and 5 May.

North Western Expeditionary Force[]

Commanded by Lieutenant-General Claude Auchinleck, this force resulted from the reorganisation of British forces in the Narvik area on 13 May 1940.[18]

Royal Navy[]

French Navy[]

  • 2 cruisers – Émile Bertin and Montcalm
  • 4 auxiliary cruisers – El Djezaïr, El Mansour, El Kantara, Ville d'Oran
  • 9 destroyers – Bison (sunk 3 May), Tartu, Maillé Brézé, Chevalier Paul, Boulonnais, Milan, Épervier, Brestois, Foudroyant
  • 17 transport ships – Ville d'Alger, Djenné, Flandre, Président Doumer, Chenonceaux, Mexique, Colombie, Amiénois, Saumur, Cap Blanc, Châteu Pavie, Saint Firmin, Albert Leborgne, Paul Émile Javary, Saint Clair, Vulcain, Enseigne Maurice Préchac
  • 1 submarine – Rubis

Polish Navy in exile[]

Royal Air Force (deployed to Norway)[]

References[]

Notes[]

  1. The 3rd The King's Own Hussars embarked three Light Tank Mk VIs, the only British tanks despatched to Norway, on the Polish troopship MS Chrobry; but, in while en route to Bodø in the early hours of 15 May 1940, she was attacked by German aircraft with the resulting loss of the ship and all of the equipment aboard it.[16][17]

Citations[]

  1. Nafziger, George. "German Attack on Norway 9 April 1940". http://www.cgsc.edu/CARL/nafziger/940GDAA.PDF. 
  2. Niehorster, Leo (1 May 2004). "Scandinavian Campaign: 11th Motorized Infantry Brigade". http://www.niehorster.org/011_germany/40-04_scandinavia/brig_11.html. Retrieved 5 February 2017. 
  3. Jürgen Rohwer (2007). "Chronik des Seekrieges 1939-1945: 1940 April" (in German). Bibliothek für Zeitgeschichte. Württembergische Landesbibliothek. http://www.wlb-stuttgart.de/seekrieg/40-04.htm. Retrieved 25 October 2012. 
  4. Berg and Vollan 1999, pp. 138, 233
  5. "Trygve Andersen: Varanger bataljons historie 1898-1995". Norsk Militært Tidsskrift. Oslo Militære Samfund. 2002. http://www.nor-miltids.com/nmt2002/nr9/Andersen.html. Retrieved 13 January 2013. 
  6. Hafsten, Larsstuvold, Olsen and Stenersen 2005, p. 54
  7. Hafsten, Larsstuvold, Olsen and Stenersen 2005, pp. 80-81
  8. Abelsen 1986, pp. 12-15
  9. Abelsen 1986, pp. 16-19, 26-
  10. Abelsen 1986, pp. 134-149
  11. Abelsen 1986, pp. 88-101
  12. Abelsen 1986, pp. 47-49, 52-60
  13. Abelsen 1986, pp. 152-170
  14. Hafsten, Larsstuvold, Olsen and Stenersen 2005, p. 63
  15. Hafsten, Larsstuvold, Olsen and Stenersen 2005, pp. 81-82
  16. Derry 1952, p. 184
  17. Dildy 2007, p. 80
  18. Derry 1952, p. 201 and Appendix B.
  19. Joslen 2003, pp. 269–7.
  20. Routledge, p. 110
  21. Dildy 2007, pp. 65, 69, 80-81
  22. Dildy 2007, p. 81

Bibliography[]

External links[]

All or a portion of this article consists of text from Wikipedia, and is therefore Creative Commons Licensed under GFDL.
The original article can be found at Norwegian campaign order of battle and the edit history here.
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