| Pizzaro-class gunboat | |
|---|---|
| Class overview | |
| Builders: | Sociedad Española de Construcción Naval, Ferrol |
| Operators: | Spanish Navy |
| Preceded by: | Eolo-class minelayer |
| Completed: | 8 |
| Scrapped: | 8 |
| General characteristics | |
| Displacement: | 1,740 t (1,710 long tons) standard |
| Length: | 95.20 m (312 ft 4 in) o/a |
| Beam: | 12.15 m (39 ft 10 in) |
| Draught: | 3.40 m (11 ft 2 in) |
| Installed power: | 5,000 shp (3,700 kW) |
| Propulsion: |
|
| Speed: | 18.5 kn (21.3 mph; 34.3 km/h) |
| Complement: | 250 |
| Armament: |
|
The Pizzaro-class was a class of eight escort vessels built for the Spanish Navy in the 1940s. Built at Ferrol, they completed in 1946–1950 and were rated as Gunboats, and were redesignated as Frigates in 1959. They started to be withdrawn from use in 1968, with the last of the class, Vincente Yañez Pinzon, stricken in 1982.
Design[]
The Pizarro-class were based on the Eolo-class minelayers, two of which were built for the Spanish Navy, launching in 1939–40 and completing in 1942–43. While the Eolo-class were designed to combine the role of minelaying and escort, the Pizarros were more specialist escort vessels, with a heavy gun armament.[1][2]
The ships were 95.20 metres (312 ft 4 in) long overall and 87.54 metres (287 ft 2 in) between perpendiculars, with a beam of 12.15 metres (39 ft 10 in) and a draught of 3.40 metres (11 ft 2 in). Displacement was 1,740 tonnes (1,710 long tons) standard and 2,282 tonnes (2,246 long tons) full load. Two Yarrow water-tube boilers fed steam to two sets of Parsons geared steam turbines. The machinery was rated at 5,000 shaft horsepower (3,700 kW), giving a speed of 18.5 knots (21.3 mph; 34.3 km/h).[3] A maximum of 402 tons of oil fuel could be carried, giving a range of 3,000 nautical miles (3,500 mi; 5,600 km) at 14 knots (16 mph; 26 km/h).[2]
The ships' main gun armament consisted of six 120 mm (4.7 in) guns in three twin mounts, with one forward and two aft. Eight 37 mm and six 20 mm guns comprised the close-in anti-aircraft armament.[3][4] Some of the class (including Pizarro, Vasco Núñez de Balboa and Vicente Yáñez Pinzón) were originally armed with two 105mm (4.1 in) anti-aircraft guns instead of the 120mm guns before being rearmed with the intended armament.[4] Anti-submarine armament consisted of four depth charge throwers while up to 30 mines could be carried.[2][4][lower-alpha 1] The ships had a crew of 250.[3]
Two of the ships (Legazpi and Vicente Yáñez Pinzón) were modernised at the start of the 1960s as part of a major programme of modernising ships of the Spanish Navy.[lower-alpha 2] The two ships were completely re-armed, with a gun armament of two American 5-inch (127mm) 38 calibre dual purpose guns in two single mounts, with a close-in anti-aircraft armament of four 40mm Bofors L/70 guns. Anti-submarine armament consisted of two racks for anti-submarine torpedoes (eight torpedoes were carried), two Hedgehog anti-submarine mortars, eight depth-charge throwers and two depth-charge racks.[2][6]
Service[]
The eight ships were all launched at the Sociedad Española de Construcción Naval (SECN) shipyard at Ferrol dockyard in August 1944. Financial problems in Franco's Spain delayed construction of the ships, which were completed from 1947 to 1951.[2][3] They were initially rated as Cañoneros (gunboats) and were re-rated as Fragatas (frigates) in 1958.[2]
Legazpi and Vicente Yáñez Pinzón were modernised at the start of the 1960s, completing their rebuilds on 14 January 1960 and 25 March 1960 respectively.[2] Two ships were discarded in 1968, with most of the rest of the class stricken in the next few years. By 1978, only Vicente Yáñez Pinzón remained in service. She remained in service until 1982.[4]
Ships[]
| Name | Pennant Number[lower-alpha 3][2] | Launched[2] | Completed[2] | Fate[4] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hernán Cortés | F32 | 3 August 1944 | 18 September 1947 | Stricken 2 December 1971 |
| Legazpi | F42 | 8 August 1944 | 8 August 1951 | Stricken 4 November 1978[7] |
| Magallanes | F35 | 8 August 1944 | 20 December 1948 | Stricken 1972 |
| Martín Alonso Pinzón | F34 | 3 August 1944 | 18 March 1948 | Stricken 1968 |
| Pizarro | F31 | 3 August 1944 | 9 August 1946 | Stricken 1968 |
| Sarmiento de Gamboa | F36 | 8 August 1944 | 2 May 1950 | Stricken 1973 |
| Vasco Núñez de Balboa | F33 | 3 August 1944 | 15 March 1947 | Stricken 1972 |
| Vicente Yáñez Pinzón | F41 | 3 August 1944 | 5 August 1949 | Stricken 1982 |
References[]
- ↑ Gardiner & Chesneau 1980, pp. 402–403
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 Blackman 1962, p. 214
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Gardiner & Chesneau 1980, p. 403
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Gardiner & Chumbley 1995, p. 430
- ↑ Gardiner & Chumbley 1995, pp. 427–428
- ↑ Gardiner & Chumbley 1995, pp. 427–428, 430
- ↑ Moore 1979, p. 431
- Blackman, Raymond V. B. (1962). Jane's Fighting Ships 1962–63. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co., Ltd..
- Blackman, Raymond V. B. (1971). Jane's Fighting Ships 1971–72. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co., Ltd.. ISBN 0-354-00096-9.
- Gardiner, Robert; Chesneau, Roger, eds (1980). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-146-7.
- Gardiner, Robert; Chumbley, Stephen, eds (1995). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995. Annapolis, Maryland, USA: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-132-7.
- Moore, John, ed (1979). Jane's Fighting Ships 1979–80. London: Jane's Yearbooks. ISBN 0-354-00587-1.
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