Timeline of United Nations peacekeeping missions

The United Nations has authorized 71 peacekeeping operations as of April 2018. These do not include interventions authorized by the UN like the Korean War and the Gulf War. The 1990s saw the most UN peacekeeping operations to date. Peacekeeping operations are overseen by the Department of Peacekeeping Operations (DPKO) and share some common characteristics, namely the inclusion of a military or police component, often with an authorization for use of force under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations. Peacekeeping operations are distinct from special political missions (SPMs), which are overseen by the Department of Political Affairs (DPA). SPMs are not included in the table below.

Outline of war
Eras Prehistoric Ancient Medieval Gunpowder Industrial Modern
Generations of warfare First Second Third Fourth
Battlespace Air Information Land Sea Space
Weapons Armor Artillery Biological Cavalry Conventional Chemical Cyber Electronic Infantry Nuclear Psychological Unconventional
Tactics Aerial Battle Cavalry Charge Cover Counter-insurgency Foxhole Guerrilla warfare Morale Siege Tactical objective
Operational Blitzkrieg Deep battle Maneuver warfare Operational manoeuvre group
Strategy Attrition Deception Defensive Offensive Goal Naval
Grand strategy Containment Economic warfare Military science Philosophy of war Strategic studies Total war
Organization Command and control Education and training Engineers Intelligence Ranks Staff Technology and equipment
Logistics Materiel Supply chain management
Other Asymmetric warfare Cold war Mercenary Military operation Principles of war Proxy war Religious war Trench warfare War crimes War novel
Lists Battles Commanders Operations Sieges Wars War crimes Weapons Writers

1940s

Start	End	Name	Acronym	Purpose	Comment
1948	Ongoing	UN Truce Supervision Organization	UNTSO	To monitor Arab-Israeli ceasefire	authorized in June 1948. The first UN peacekeeping mission
1949	Ongoing	UN Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan	UNMOGIP	To monitor India-Pakistan ceasefire in Kashmir

1950s

Start	End	Name	Acronym	Purpose	Comment
1956	1967	UN Emergency Force I	UNEF I	To supervise withdrawal of troops from Suez Crisis	First armed peacekeepers. Ended June 1967
1958	1958	UN Observation Group in Lebanon	UNOGIL	To prevent troops and weapons entering Lebanon during crisis	Ended December 1958

1960s

Start	End	Name	Acronym	Purpose	Comment
1960	1964	UN Operation in the Congo	ONUC	To prevent foreign intervention in and preserve territory of the Congo	Ended June 1964
1962	1963	UN Security Force in West New Guinea (West Irian)	UNSF	Monitor ceasefire during transition of West Irian from Dutch rule to Indonesian	Ended April 1963
1963	1964	UN Yemen Observation Mission	UNYOM	Supervise disengagement of Saudi Arabia and Egypt from Yemen's civil war	Ended September 1964
1964	Ongoing	UN Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus	UNFICYP	Prevent conflict between Greek and Turkish Cypriots
1965	1966	Mission of the Representative of the Secretary-General in the Dominican Republic	DOMREP	Monitor situation caused by rival governments in Dominican Republic	Ended October 1966
1965	1966	UN India-Pakistan Observation Mission	UNIPOM	Supervise India-Pakistan ceasefire outside of Kashmir	Ended March 1966

1970s

Start	End	Name	Acronym	Purpose	Comment
1973	1979	UN Emergency Force II	UNEF II	Supervise withdrawal of forces from Sinai after Egypt, Syria and Israel battle.	Ended July 1979
1974	Ongoing	UN Disengagement Observer Force	UNDOF	Maintain ceasefire between Syria and Israel on the Golan Heights
1978	Ongoing	UN Interim Force in Lebanon	UNIFIL	Supervise Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon. Keep the international peace and security, and help the Lebanese Government restore its effective authority in the area.

1980s

Start	End	Name	Acronym	Purpose	Comment
1988	1990	UN Good Offices Mission in Afghanistan and Pakistan	UNGOMAP	Enforce Afghanistan and Pakistan from mutual non-interference	Ended March 1990
1988	1991	UN Iran-Iraq Military Observer Group	UNIIMOG	Supervise Iran-Iraq ceasefire	Ended February 1991
1989	1991	UN Angola Verification Mission I	UNAVEM I	Supervise withdrawal of Cuban troops from Angola	Ended June 1991
1989	1990	UN Transition Assistance Group	UNTAG	Supervise Namibia's elections and transition to independence	Ended March 1990
1989	1992	UN Observer Group in Central America	ONUCA	Monitor ceasefire in Nicaragua	Ended January 1992

1990s

Start	End	Name	Acronym	Purpose	Comment
1991	2003	UN Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission	UNIKOM	Enforce Kuwait-Iraqi border after Gulf War	Ended 2003
1991	1995	UN Angola Verification Mission II	UNAVEM II	Enforce ceasefire in Angolan civil war	Ended February 1995
1991	1995	UN Observer Mission in El Salvador	ONUSAL	Enforce ceasefire in El Salvador civil war	Ended April 1995
1991	Ongoing	UN Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara	MINURSO	Implement ceasefire and help promote referendum on area's future
1991	1992	UN Advance Mission in Cambodia	UNAMIC	Prepare way for UN Transitional Authority in Cambodia	Ended March 1992
1992	1995	UN Protection Force	UNPROFOR and UNPREDEP	Protect area of Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Republic of Macedonia	restructured December 1995
1992	1993	UN Transitional Authority in Cambodia	UNTAC	Assist reorganization of Cambodia	Ended September 1993
1992	1993	UN Operation in Somalia I	UNOSOM I	Enforce ceasefire, reorganized as Unified Task Force (UNITAF)	Replaced March 1993 by UNOSOM II
1992	1993	UN Observer Mission to Verify the Referendum in Eritrea	UNOVER	Monitor referendum for independence of Eritrea from Ethiopia	Ended April 1993
1992	1994	UN Operation in Mozambique	ONUMOZ	Monitor ceasefire in Mozambique's civil war	Ended December 1994
1993	1995	UN Operation in Somalia II	UNOSOM II	Stabilize Somalia and assist humanitarian efforts	Ended March 1995
1993	1994	UN Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda	UNOMUR	To enforce ceasefire between Rwanda and rebel group based in Uganda	Ended September 1994
1993	2009	UN Observer Mission in Georgia	UNOMIG	Enforce ceasefire between Georgia and Abkhaz separatists	Russia vetoed extension in June 2009
1993	1996	UN Observer Mission in Liberia	UNOMIL	Monitor ceasefire and elections in Liberia	Ended September 1997
1993	1996	UN Mission in Haiti	UNMIH	Stabilize Haiti after coup overturned	Ended June 1996
1993	1996	UN Assistance Mission for Rwanda	UNAMIR	Monitor ceasefire, and after Rwanda genocide, to promote relief efforts	Ended March 1996
1994	1994	UN Aouzou Strip Observer Group	UNASOG	Monitor Libya's withdrawal from disputed territory given by International Court of Justice to Chad	Ended June 1994
1994	2002	UN Mission of Observers in Tajikistan	UNMOT	Monitor ceasefire in Tajikistan civil war	Ended May 2000
1995	1997	UN Angola Verification Mission III	UNAVEM III	Monitor ceasefire and disarmament	Ended June 1997, but follow-up mission MONUA
1995	1996	UN Confidence Restoration Operation in Croatia	UNCRO	Attempts to implement ceasefire	Ended January 1996
1995	1999	UN Preventive Deployment Force	UNPREDEP	Replaced UNPROFOR in Macedonia and monitored border with Albania.	Ended February 1999
1995	2002	UN Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina	UNMIBH	Monitor human rights, demining, relief	Ended 31 December 2002
1996	1998	UN Transitional Administration for Eastern Slavonia, Baranja, and Western Sirmium	UNTAES	Supervises integration of region into Croatia	Ended January 1998
1996	2002	UN Mission of Observers in Prevlaka	UNMOP	Monitor demilitarization of the Prevlaka peninsula, Croatia	Ended December 2002
1996	1997	UN Support Mission in Haiti	UNSMIH	Modernize police and army of Haiti	Ended July 1997
1997	1997	UN Verification Mission in Guatemala	MINUGUA	Monitor ceasefire in Guatemala's civil war	Ended May 1997
1997	1999	UN Observer Mission in Angola	MONUA	Monitoring ceasefire and disarmament	Ended February 1999
1997	1997	UN Transition Mission in Haiti	UNTMIH	Help stabilize Haiti	Ended November 1997
1997	2000	UN Civilian Police Mission in Haiti	MIPONUH	Modernize Haiti's police forces	Ended March 2000
1998	1998	UN Civilian Police Support Group	UNPSG	Monitor Croatian police	Ended October 1998
1998	2000	UN Mission in the Central African Republic	MINURCA	Maintaining security and stability in Central African Republic	Ended February 2000
1998	1999	UN Observer Mission in Sierra Leone	UNOMSIL	Monitor disarmament and demobilization in Sierra Leone	Ended October 1999
1999	Ongoing	UN Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo	UNMIK	Exercise administrative authority, including administration of justice in Kosovo
1999	2005	UN Mission in Sierra Leone	UNAMSIL	Help stabilize and disarm Sierra Leone	Ended December 2005
1999	1999	UN Mission in East Timor	UNAMET	To oversee popular consultation on political relation to Indonesia	Ended 1999, See UNTAET the follow-up mission.
1999	2002	UN Transitional Administration in East Timor	UNTAET	Transition East Timor to independence	Ended May 2002. See UNMISET the follow-up mission.
1999	2010	UN Organization Mission in Democratic Republic of the Congo	MONUC	Monitor ceasefire in Democratic Republic of the Congo	Ended June 2010. See MONUSCO the follow-up mission.

2000s

Start	End	Name	Acronym	Purpose	Comment
2000	2008	UN Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea	UNMEE	Enforce ceasefire between Ethiopia and Eritrea	Ended July 2008 after both Eritrea (forced out UN troops) and Ethiopia (refused to accept ICJ ruling on the border) refused to cooperate
2002	2005	United Nations Mission of Support in East Timor	UNMISET	To ensure security and stabilise the nascent state during the post-independence period.	Ended May 2005
2003	Ongoing	United Nations Mission in Liberia	UNMIL	Oversee ceasefire and train national police.
2004	2017	United Nations Operation in Côte d'Ivoire	UNOCI	Facilitate implementation of peace process
2004	2017	United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti	MINUSTAH	Return stability to Haiti
2004	2006	United Nations Operation in Burundi	ONUB	To help implement the Arusha accords	ended December 2006, replaced by BINUB
2005	2011	United Nations Mission in the Sudan	UNMIS	To support implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement, perform certain functions relating to humanitarian assistance, and protection and promotion of human rights	ended in July 2011, succeeded by UNMISS.
2006	2012	United Nations Integrated Mission in Timor-Leste	UNMIT	To support the Government in consolidating stability, enhancing a culture of democratic governance, and facilitating political dialogue among Timorese stakeholders, in their efforts to bring about a process of national reconciliation and to foster social cohesion
2007	Ongoing	United Nations African Union Mission in Darfur	UNAMID	To monitor arms trade and shipping, to cause and keep a ceasefire
2007	2010	United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic and Chad	MINURCAT		ended December 2010 due to opposition by Chadian government

2010s

Start	End	Name	Acronym	Purpose	Comment
2010	Ongoing	UN Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo	MONUSCO	Monitor ceasefire in Democratic Republic of the Congo
2011	Ongoing	UN Interim Security Force for Abyei	UNISFA	Monitor ceasefire in Abyei
2011	Ongoing	UN Mission in the Republic of South Sudan	UNMISS	Assist the new state of South Sudan
2012	2012	UN Support Mission in Syria	UNSMIS	Monitor the ceasefire agreement in Syria
2017	ongoing	UN Mission for Justice Support in Haiti	MINUJUSTH	Assist the Government to further develop the Haitian National Police (HNP); to strengthen Haiti's rule of law institutions, including the justice and prisons; and to promote and protect human rights in Haiti

See also

• League of Nations, predecessor of the United Nations
• History of United Nations peacekeeping
• List of UN peacekeeping missions
• List of countries where UN peacekeepers are currently deployed

External links

• UN peacekeeping website