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Minister Frits Korthals Altes with the Vrij Nederland (May 19, 1983) at the Tweede Kamer, next to him Onno Ruding. Both are linked by Vrij Nederland nl.
Vrij Nederland (Free Netherlands) is a Dutch magazine which was established during the German occupation of the Netherlands in World War II as an underground newspaper but has since grown into a magazine. The weekly magazine is generally considered to be intellectually left-wing. It is conventionally considered to be one of the four most influential written media in its sector, along with HP/De Tijd, De Groene Amsterdammer and Elsevier.
The first issue was published on 31 August 1940. The chief editors have included:
- 1940-1942: Frans Hofker
- 1941-1950: Henk van Randwijk
- 1950-1955: Johan Winkler
- 1955-1969: nl
- 1969-1991: Rinus Ferdinandusse
- 1991-1997: Joop van Tijn
- 1998-2000: Oscar Garschagen
- 2001-2004: Xandra Schutte
- 2004-2005: Gerard van Westerloo (interim)
- 2005-2008: Emile Fallaux
- 2008–present: Frits van Exter
The circulations have decreased from 1945 on, but had an increase in the 1970s:
- 1945: 109.000
- 1947: 32.000
- 1951: 35.000
- 1955: 19.000
- 1960: 23.000
- 1965: 36.950
- 1970: 81.378
- 1975: 109.381
- 1978: 117.165
- 1980: 111.857
- 1985: 97.132
- 1990: 76.947
- 2000: 55.947
- 2001: 53.669 (-4,1%)
- 2002: 53.413 (-0,5%)
- 2003: 52.868 (-1,0%)
- 2004: 50.124 (-5,2%)
- 2005: 49.244 (-1,8%)
- 2006: 47.082 (-4,4%)
- 2007: 46.671 (-0,9%)
- 2008: 44.115 (-5,5%)
- 2009: 44.860 (+1,7%)
- 2010: 48.353 (+7,8%)
- 2011: 45.534 (-5,8%)
- 2012: 40.872 (-10,2%)
- 2013: 35.649 (-12,8%)
External links[]
The original article can be found at Vrij Nederland and the edit history here.